RESUMO
Maria Montessori is one of the most well-known women in Italian history. Although she was the first woman who graduated in medicine in Italy, she is mostly known as an educator. Her teaching method -the Montessori Method- is still used worldwide. Because she could not speak English during the imprisonment in India, there was a big obstacle for her communication with children. However, the need to adopt a non-verbal communication, led her to a sensational discovery: children use an innate and universal language. This language, made of gestures and mimic, is called extra verbal communication .
Assuntos
História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Ensino/história , Itália , Pessoas com Deficiência Mental/história , Comunicação não Verbal , Filatelia/história , Direitos da Mulher/históriaRESUMO
Introducción: la atención a edad temprana es el grupo de técnicas educativas especiales empleadas en niños entre el nacimiento y los 6 años de vida. Objetivo: profundizar en el tema y exponer los programas de estimulación visual más usados actualmente en el mundo. Material y Método: se revisaron textos básicos de pedagogía y psicología, artículos de Internet actualizados sobre estimulación visual y discapacidad visual. Desarrollo: se realizó una revisión de la literatura científica publicada sobre la estimulación a edad temprana, la aplicación de estos programas en niños discapacitados visuales a través de la acción oportuna de un equipo multidisciplinario. Conclusiones: muchas de las causas de discapacidad visual en niños son evitables o prevenibles si se actúa de manera oportuna.
Introduction: the early age attention is a group of a special educational techniques used in children between born and six years old. Objective: get to the bottom of the theme and to show the programs more used nowadays around the world. Material and Methods: the basic texts of pedagogy and psychology were review, the actual internet articles about visual stimulation and discapacity. Development: a scientific literature review was made on the early age stimulation, the application of these programs in low vision´s children through the opportune action of multidisciplinary team. Conclusions: many causes of visual discapacity in children are avoidable or to prevent if we made opportune actions.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: This study analyzed the characteristics of excellent lecturers, as perceived by medical students, and identified the teaching competency that lecturers should possess to enhance the quality of medical education in medical school. METHODS: To examine the characteristics of excellent lecturers and teaching competency, we administered open-ended questionnaires to a sample of 128 Year 2 medical students in May 2011. RESULTS: The students placed high value on the ability to organize and summarize the lecture as the most significant competence of lecturers, due to the massive amounts of information that is disseminated in medical college. Further, they chose lecturers who communicated to students actively and used real clinical cases properly with regard to how medical knowledge applied. They also considered generating an interest in learning by linking knowledge and its application as an important priority of excellent lecturers. CONCLUSION: We conclude that there are differences in the characteristics and competencies of excellent lecturers, as perceived by medical students and others. To increase the quality of teaching, it might be necessary to offer the opportunity to observe excellent lecturers, develop faculty development programs, and create educational culture.