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1.
Cuad. Hosp. Clín ; 64(2): 11-20, dic. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1537770

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La COVID-19 ha provocado diversas consecuencias en el mundo, actualmente se siguen estudiando sus factores predisponentes y consecuencias. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el estado de salud y la frecuencia de los factores de riesgo para COVID-19 grave en estudiantes, docentes y administrativos universitarios. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, se aplicó un cuestionario virtual. Se recopiló información epidemiológica personal y del entorno cercano, grupo sanguíneo, hacinamiento en administrativos, peso y talla. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvo la información de 209 docentes, 103 administrativos y 1556 estudiantes. En docentes el 49.52% tiene alguna enfermedad crónica, el 29% tuvo COVID-19. En administrativos, el 56.31% tiene alguna enfermedad crónica, el 29% tuvo COVID-19. En estudiantes el 30% tiene enfermedad crónica, el 24.42% tuvo COVID-19. La mayoría de los docentes tiene sobrepeso, principalmente el sexo masculino desde los 51 años. El 50% del personal administrativo presenta sobrepeso, en igual proporción en ambos sexos y a partir de 41 años. En estudiantes la mayoría tiene un estado nutricional normal, el 27,9% presenta sobrepeso, siendo mayor en el sexo femenino y en el grupo de 20 a 25 años de edad. CONCLUSIONES: Son factores frecuentes en docentes y administrativos la edad, enfermedad crónica, grupo sanguíneo diferente de 0Rh positivo y sobrepeso.


INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 has caused various consequences in the world, its predisposing factors and consequences are currently being studied. The objective of this study was to determine the state of health and the frequency of risk factors for severe COVID-19 in university students, teachers, and administrators. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study, a virtual questionnaire was applied. Personal epidemiological information and information about the immediate environment, blood group, overcrowding in administrative offices, weight and height were collected. RESULTS: Information was obtained from 209 teachers, 103 administrators and 1556 students. In teachers, 49.52% have some chronic disease, 29% had COVID-19. In administrative, 56.31% have some chronic disease, 29% had COVID-19. In students, 30% have a chronic disease, 24.42% had COVID-19. Most of the teachers are overweight, mainly the male sex from the age of 51. 50% of the administrative staff is overweight, in equal proportion in both sexes and from 41 years of age. In students, the majority have a normal nutritional status, 27.9% are overweight, being higher in the female sex and in the group of 20 to 25 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent factors in teachers and administrators are age, chronic illness, blood group other than 0Rh positive, and overweight


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Avaliação Nutricional , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco
2.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 38(4): 510-520, oct.-dic. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-665692

RESUMO

Introducción: el cáncer de útero es, después del cáncer de mama, el que más frecuentemente afecta a la mujer. La detección y tratamiento temprano de las lesiones premalignas garantizan la durabilidad de esta afección. Objetivo: conocer el comportamiento de las citologías orgánicas alteradas en un área de salud. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo en el Policlínico Este del municipio Camagüey en el período de enero de 2005 a diciembre de 2010. El universo estuvo constituido por las 189 mujeres que presentaron citologías orgánicas anormales en el período antes señalado. Se recogieron variables como: grupo de edades, resultados de las citologías orgánicas según toma de muestra, edad de las primeras relaciones sexuales, número de partos, diagnóstico citológico de infección por virus del papiloma humano (VPH). Resultados: poco menos de la mitad de las mujeres inició las relaciones sexuales antes de los 18 años (46,56 %) y la mayoría tenía entre 1 y 3 partos (83,06 %). El 56,08 % de las pacientes presentaron infección por VPH. Conclusiones: predominaron las pacientes con neoplasia intraepitelial cervical II, el año 2006 fue el de mayor incidencia de lesiones de cuello uterino.


Introduction: uterine cancer is the type of cancer which most frequently affects women after breast cancer. The early detection and treatment of pre-malignant damage guarantees the durability of this condition. Objective: to understand the behavior of organic altered Pap in one health area. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted I, the eastern polyclinic in Camagüey municipality from January 2005 to December 2010. The sample consisted of 189 women who had abnormal Pap organic in the aforementioned period. Variables were collected such as: age group, organic cytology results according to sampling, age of first intercourse, parity, cytological diagnosis of infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Results: slightly less than half of these women had their first sex intercourse before the age of 18 (46.56 %) and most had had 1-3 births (83.06 %). 56.08 % of these patients had HPV infection. Conclusions: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia II was predominant in these patients. The highest incidence of cervical lesions occurred in 2006.

3.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 37(3): 320-329, jul.-set. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-615213

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El período más crucial de la vida humana corresponde a las primeras 24 h que siguen al nacimiento. En este período, la morbilidad y la mortalidad son elevadas, por lo que es necesario prevenir y conocer los factores de riesgo que puedan interferir en su normal desarrollo, evaluándose al nacer la puntuación de Apgar. OBJETIVOS: Identificar la posible asociación causal entre el índice de Apgar bajo y algunos factores epidemiológicos. Estimar a través del riesgo atribuible, aquellos factores que al actuar sobre ellos se lograría un mayor impacto en la población expuesta. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio analítico observacional tipo caso control, relacionado con algunos factores epidemiológicos que inciden en la ocurrencia de Apgar bajo al nacer, en el Hospital Materno Provincial Docente Mariana Grajales Coello de Santiago de Cuba, desde el 1ro de enero de 2006 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2007 . RESULTADOS: La edad materna y la edad gestacional al parto, el meconio en el líquido amniótico, las anomalías del cordón umbilical, el parto distócico y la restricción del crecimiento intrauterino están relacionados con el índice de Apgar bajo al nacer en esta institución. CONCLUSIONES: La depresión al nacer se asoció causalmente con las anomalías del cordón umbilical y el líquido amniótico meconial, teniendo asociación significativa la desnutrición fetal intrauterina, la edad gestacional al parto < 37 sem y ³ 42 sem y la presentación fetal distócica. Se comprobó que al actuar en el diagnóstico temprano y de certeza de un CIUR se lograría un mejor y mayor impacto en la población expuesta


INTRODUCTION: The more crucial moment in human life is that corresponding with the first 24 hr post-partum. During this period, morbidity and mortality are high, this it is necessary to prevent and to know risk factors that may to interfere in its normal development, assessing at birth the Apgar score. OBJECTIVES: To identify the possible causal association between the low Apgar score and some epidemiological factors. To estimate according to the attributing risk factors that acting on them it will be a great impact in exposed population. METHODS: An observational and analytical type case-control study was conducted related to some epidemiological factors having an impact on a low Apgar score at birth in the Mariana Grajales Mother Teaching Provincial Hospital of Santiago de Cuba from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2007. RESULTS: Age mother and gestational age at labor, presence of meconium in amniotic fluid, umbilical cord abnormalities, dystocic labor and the intrauterine growth retard are related to a low Apgar score at birth in this institution. CONCLUSIONS: Depression at birth was associated in a causal way with umbilical cord abnormalities and the presence of meconium in amniotic fluid and a significant association with intrauterine fetal malnutrition, the gestational age at labor < 37 of weeks and ³ 42 weeks and dystocic fetal presentation. It was demonstrated that the retarded intrauterine growth (RIUG) acting in the early and certainty diagnosis it will be possible to achieve a better and major impact in exposed population


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Índice de Apgar , Cordão Umbilical/anormalidades , Fatores Epidemiológicos , Síndrome de Aspiração de Mecônio/fisiopatologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto
4.
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-167344

RESUMO

Objective: Present study was undertaken to explore the epidemiological and dietary risk factors for hepatitis C disease in Tando Allahyar during June to December 2007. Materials and methods: 140 Hepatitis C patients and 149 controls (age, sex and locality matched with no personal or family history of hepatitis C) were randomly selected from the Tando Allahyar population during June 2007 to December 2007. A standard questionnaire specially developed for that purpose, was distributed among patients and controls. Accurate rapid card test was performed to confirm Hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive or negative patients and controls. O.R with 95% confidence interval was computed and p values were calculated by chi square test. Results: Over all findings showed that among 140 HCV patients 64% were females and 36% males (mean age range was 20-48 years). Our results showed strong positive association of sedentary life style (OR=4, 95% CI, 1.48-10.6, p=0.005), marital status, +ve family history, B+ve blood group, piercing, syringe use (70%), multiple pregnancies (OR=4.72, 95% CI, 1.47-15.15, p=0.008), blood transfusion (OR=4.4, 95% CI, 1.2-14.95, p=0.017), take out food debris by office pins (NS), shave at barber’s shop (NS), dental procedures (NS), medicines used in past (OR=3.08, 95% CI, 1.2-7.71, P=0.016), G.I.T diseases (OR =8.66, 95% CI, 1.28-55.58, p=0.023), stones of kidney or gallbladder, jaundice, Tuberculosis and psychological problems (OR =2.5, 95% CI, 1.04-6.13, P=0.04) with hepatitis C disease. We did not find any association of surgery, BMI, ENT, diseases, meat consumption and smoking with the disease. Vegetables OR =0.842, 95% CI, 0.361-1.964, P=0.694), pulses, tomatoes (OR =0.31, 95% CI, 0.041-2.53, P=0.31), and tea (OR =0.598, 95% CI, 0.251-1.431, P=0.25) were found to be the protective factors for Hepatitis C disease. Conclusion: Sedentary life style, multiple pregnancies, blood transfusion, medicines used in past, G.I.T diseases, and psychological problems are significantly positively associated with Hepatitis C disease.

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