Brote dentario precoz. Un acercamiento a la realidad / Early tooth eruption. An approach to reality

Introducción: Las tendencias seglares influyen en el crecimiento y desarrollo general del individuo. El brote dentario no escapa a esta realidad. Existen variables que pueden retardarlo o acelerarlo, dentro de las que se encuentran el sexo y el color de la piel. Objetivos: Determinar la cronología y el orden de brote de los dientes permanentes en niños y adolescentes. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo desde mayo de 2017 a noviembre de 2020. El universo constituido por 21383 niños y adolescentes entre 5 y 13 años de edad, de la provincia Holguín, Cuba, que no presentaban pérdida prematura de dientes temporales o extracciones de dientes permanentes, ni enfermedades sistémicas que influyen en el crecimiento y desarrollo. En el procesamiento estadístico se utilizaron las medidas de resúmenes para las variables cuantitativas y el test de comparación de las medias. Resultados: La edad de brote de todos los dientes permanentes resultó adelantada en comparación con las tablas para su valoración clínica. El primer diente en brotar fue el primer molar superior, entre los 5,66 años, y el último el segundo molar maxilar, entre los 10,38 años. Al comparar las medias de brote de los dientes permanentes según el sexo, hubo diferencias altamente significativas en la arcada superior: primer premolar (p = 0,000), arcada inferior: canino (p = 0,009), primer premolar (p = 0,000) y segundo molar (p = 0,012). Se encontraron diferencias altamente significativas entre las medias de brote para el color de la piel en el maxilar: incisivo central (p = 0,004), incisivo lateral (p = 0,000), canino (p = 0,002), mandíbula: incisivo central (p = 0,000), incisivo lateral (p = 0,000) y segundo premolar (p = 0,000). Conclusiones: La cronología de brote de todos los dientes permanentes resultó adelantada. Los dientes permanentes siguieron la secuencia de brote, tal como describe Mayoral. Se encontraron diferencias al comparar las medias de brote según el sexo y color de la piel(AU)

Introduction: Secular tendencies influence the overall growth and development of the individual. Tooth eruption does not escape this reality. There are variables that can delay or accelerate it, among which are sex and skin color. Objectives: To determine the chronology and order of eruption of permanent teeth in children and adolescents. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to November 2020. The universe constituted by 21383 children and adolescents between 5 and 13 years of age, from Holguín province, Cuba, who did not present premature loss of primary teeth or extractions of permanent teeth, nor systemic diseases that influence growth and development. Statistical processing used summary measures for quantitative variables and the comparison test of the average values. Results: The age of teething of all permanent teeth was advanced in comparison with the tables for clinical assessment. The first tooth was the upper first molar at 5.66 years of age and the last tooth was the maxillary second molar at 10.38 years of age. When comparing the teething averages of the permanent teeth according to gender, there were highly significant differences in the upper arch: first premolar (p = 0.000), lower arch: canine (p = 0.009), first premolar (p = 0.000) and second molar (p = 0.012). Highly significant differences were found between bud means for skin color in maxilla: central incisor (p = 0.004), lateral incisor (p = 0.000), canine (p = 0.002), mandible: central incisor (p = 0.000), lateral incisor (p = 0.000) and second premolar (p = 0.000). Conclusions: The teething chronology of all permanent teeth resulted advanced. The permanent teeth followed the teething sequence as described by Mayoral. Differences were found when comparing the teething averages according to gender and skin color(AU)

Asociación entre apiñamiento anteroinferior y tercer molar en pacientes de 20 años de edad

Introducción: El apiñamiento dentario anteroinferior es una maloclusión frecuente en el ser humano. Entre sus causas se cita al tercer molar inferior, sin embargo, no existe suficientes estudios que avalen una dependencia estadística entre el apiñamiento y el tercer molar. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre el apiñamiento anteroinferior y el tercer molar inferior. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, en el que participaron 68 estudiantes de 20 años de la facultad de Estomatología de la provincia Camagüey, durante el período de noviembre de 2019 a febrero de 2020. Se determinó presencia del tercer molar y de apiñamiento; así como, posición del tercer molar y espacio para su ubicación en el arco. Resultados: Hubo supremacía en la existencia del tercer molar inferior en pacientes estudiados, donde se presentó en su mayoría el apiñamiento anteroinferior. La posición no adecuada predominó en ambos molares inferiores, lo que coincide con una mayor prevalencia de apiñamiento. El espacio para el molar 48 fue en su generalidad suficiente, mientras para el diente 38 fue el no existe; el apiñamiento se diagnosticó tanto donde hubo el espacio suficiente como en los que estuvo o no existió. Se encontró asociación estadística entre el apiñamiento anteroinferior y el tercer molar inferior con posición no adecuada. Conclusiones: Se constató que los terceros molares inferiores estuvieron presentes en la mayoría de los casos estudiados lo que coincide con la mayor parte de los pacientes con apiñamiento anteroinferior.

Introduction: Lower anterior dental crowding is a common malocclusion in humans. Among its causes, the lower third molar is cited; however there are not enough studies to support a statistical dependence between crowding and the third molar. Objective: To determine the association between lower anterior crowding and the lower third molar. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, in which 68 20-year-old students from the Dentistry Faculty of Camagüey province participated, during the period from November 2019 to February 2020. The presence of the third molar and crowding was determined; as well as, position of the third molar and space for its location in the arch. Results: There was supremacy in the presence of the lower third molar in the patients studied where there was mostly the presence of lower anterior crowding. The inadequate position prevailed in both lower molars, which coincides with a higher prevalence of crowding. The space for molar 48 was generally sufficient, while for tooth 38 it was non-existent; crowding was present where there was sufficient space as well as where space was doubtful or non-existent. There was a statistical association between lower anterior crowding and the lower third molar with improper position. Conclusions: It was found that the lower third molars were present in most of the patients studied, coinciding with the majority of patients with lower anterior crowding.

Surgery traction canine of impacted in the maxillary: a case report / Cirurgia de tracionamento de canino impactado em maxila: relato de caso

ABSTRACT Permanent canines are essential for the preservation of the stomatognathic system, as they are part of the occlusal and aesthetic function and balance. During the normal development of occlusion, canines follow a long and complex trajectory until their eruption, that is, they are more likely to suffer disturbances during this process. Removal of the permanent canine should only be considered in extreme cases, where the canine itself is not susceptible to orthodontic traction. Orthodontic traction is the most indicated treatment due to the high morphofunctional and aesthetic value of the permanent canine. The aim of this study is to report a clinical case of traction surgery of the superior permanent canine included in the maxilla. A 13-year-old female patient attended the dental clinic at the Nilton Lins University accompanied by her guardian, referred by an orthodontistfor canine traction surgery. during the examIn the clinical analysis, tooth 13 was absent from the dental arch. The patient had a computed tomography scan, where it was possible to verify the actual position of the toothimpacted with the partially erupted crown on the alveolar ridge. After planning, surgery was performed to install an orthodontic button and adapt the ligature with a 0.30 mm wire. After the 10-month follow-up period, the presence of the tooth in arch, completely erupted, was observed, showing effectiveness in the proposed treatment. Therefore, the procedure for bonding the orthodontic device was performed satisfactorily without complications or intercurrences, making it possible to continue the orthodontic treatment. The patient remains under follow-up.

RESUMO Os caninos permanentes são essenciais para a preservação do sistema estomatognático, visto que, fazem parte da função e equilíbrio oclusal e estético. Durante o desenvolvimento normal da oclusão, os caninos seguem uma longa e complexa trajetória até seu irrompimento, ou seja, estão mais propensos a sofrerem distúrbios no decorrer desse processo. A extração do canino permanente só deve ser considerada em casos extremos, onde o próprio não se encontra suscetível à tração ortodôntica. O tracionamento ortodôntico é o tratamento mais indicado devido ao alto valor morfofuncional e estético do canino permanente. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo é relatar um caso clínico de cirurgia de tracionamento de canino permanente superior incluso em maxila. Paciente de 13 anos, gênero feminino, compareceu a clínica odontológica da Universidade Nilton Lins acompanhado de seu responsável, encaminhada por um ortodontista para cirurgia de tracionamento de canino. Durante o exame clínico observou-se ausência do dente 13 na arcada dentária. A paciente apresentou a tomografia computadorizada, onde foi possível verificar o real posicionamento do dente impactado com a coroa parcialmente irrompida no rebordo alveolar. Após o planejamento, realizou-se a cirurgia destinada a instalação de botão ortodôntico e adaptação da amarrilha com fio 0,30 mm. Posteriormente ao período de acompanhamento de 10 meses, observou-se a presença do dente em arco, totalmente erupcionado, mostrando efetividade no tratamento proposto. Portando, o procedimento de colagem de dispositivo ortodôntico ocorreu de forma satisfatória sem complicações ou intercorrências, tornando possível a continuidade do tratamento ortodôntico. A paciente permanece em acompanhamento.

Are Premature Birth and Low Birth Weight Associated with Delay on the Eruption of Deciduous Teeth? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate whether children with premature birth (PB) and/or with low birth weight (LBW) have different tooth eruption patterns than those born at term or with normal weight. Material and Methods: Searches were performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Sc1opus, Web of Science, LILACS, and BBO databases as well as the grey literature. Three independent reviewers were involved in study selection, data extraction, and bias assessment. The risk of bias was assessed using the Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was conducted to compute the mean difference (MD) in mean chronological or adjusted age at the eruption of the first deciduous tooth between preterm children and those born at full term. The GRADE approach was used. Results: Among a total of 316 articles identified, 21 were eligible for inclusion and three were included in the meta-analysis. PB was associated with the delay in the first tooth deciduous eruption when chronological age was considered (MD: 1.36; 95%CI: 1.02-1.69) but not when considering adjusted age (MD: -0.30; 95%CI: -0.67-0.07). The evidence was graded as having very low quality. Conclusion: Based on a low certainty of evidence the PB is associated with the delayed eruption of the first deciduous tooth when considering chronological age but not when adjusted age is considered.

Single Nucleotides Polymorphisms in COX2 Gene and their Association with Signs and Symptoms of Teething - A Pilot Study

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the COX2 gene (rs689466 and rs5275) and local and systemic signs and symptoms of teething. Material and Methods: Forty-four pairs of mothers-babies/toddlers were included. Erupted primary teeth were evaluated during clinical examination. Local and systemic signs and symptoms of teething were obtained from mothers' reporting via anamnesis. Samples of buccal cells were retrieved for DNA genotyping using real-time PCR. The T-test, Chi-square test, logistic regression, and haplotype analyses were applied. Results: Almost all mothers (95.5%) reported at least one local or systemic sign and symptom of teething. The most common was increased salivation (79.5%), diarrhea (72.3 %), and fever (70.5 %). The mean number of signs and symptoms per child was higher in boys than girls (mean = 5.1; SD= 1.5; p=0.008). Sleep disturbance (p=0.03) and loss of appetite (p=0.05) were more reported in boys. The rs689466 and rs5275 were not associated with signs and symptoms of teething (p>0.05). Conclusion: The single nucleotide polymorphisms in the COX2 gene (rs689466 and rs5275) were not associated with local and systemic signs and symptoms of teething.

Effect of extraction timing of mesiodens on orthodontic treatment duration for abnormal eruption of permanent teeth in children / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# To discuss the correlation between the extraction timing of mesiodens and the orthodontic treatment duration of its eruption-related complications in children to provide a reference for the clinic.@*Methods @#The mesiodentes of 187 children were classified as eruption type (typeⅠ), dental crown impacted type (type Ⅱ), interdental impacted type (type Ⅲ), and dental root impacted type (type Ⅳ). According to the timing of extraction, mesiodentes in typeⅠ, type Ⅲ, and type Ⅳ were divided into Groups A: before the eruption of the adjacent central incisor and B: after the eruption of the adjacent central incisor. Mesiodentes in type Ⅱ were divided into Group A: before the eruption of the contralateral central incisor and B: after the eruption of the contralateral central incisor. Eruption-related complications and orthodontic treatment durations caused by mesiodens were statistically analyzed. @*Results @# There were 106 cases of displacement, 28 cases of failed eruption, 27 cases of tooth rotation, and 26 cases of individual cross-bite among the eruption-related complications caused by mesiodens. The mean orthodontic treatment cycle in Group A of type Ⅰ (7.07 ± 2.45 month), Group A of type Ⅱ (6.57 ± 1.12 month), and Group A of type Ⅲ (6.95 ± 2.52 month) were lower than that in Group B of type Ⅰ (9.67 ± 3.04 month), Group B of type Ⅱ (10.25 ± 1.29 month), and Group B of type Ⅲ (9.33 ± 3.26 month), and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the mean orthodontic treatment duration between Groups A (6.00 ± 0.94 month) and B (6.33 ± 0.80 month) of type Ⅳ (P>0.05).@*Conclusion@# In most cases, the mesiodens are removed before the eruption of the adjacent central incisor, which can reduce the duration of orthodontic treatment for eruption-related complications in children.

Clinical application of open vertical helical loop in the treatment of ectopic eruption of first permanent molar / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical application effect of open vertical helical loop to correct ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar, and to provide reference for the selection of treatment timing and methods for ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar.Methods:A total of 30 patients with unilateral or bilateral ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars, aged from 7 to 8.5 years old, who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from 2020 to 2021, were retrospectively selected. The first permanent molars were moved to their normal positions by bonding buccal tubes between the second primary molars and the first permanent molars with a vertical loop. We compared and analyzed the mesial inclination angle of the first permanent molar, the length of the lateral dental arch, and the root resorption status of the second deciduous molar before and after treatment.Results:All 30 patients underwent complete orthodontic treatment, with the first permanent molar adjusted to its normal position. The inclination angle of the first permanent molar after treatment was (91.3±5.1)°, which was statistically significant compared to (78.1±6.3) ° before treatment ( t=-10.023, P=0.014); The length of the lateral dental arch after treatment was (34.0±1.0)mm, which was significantly increased compared to (31.61±1.1)mm before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-25.96, P=0.007). After treatment, the degree of root resorption of the affected second molar significantly increased compared to that before treatment (χ 2=12.002, P<0.001); There was no statistically significant change in root resorption before and after treatment of the healthy second molar ( P=0.818). Conclusions:The use of open vertical helical loop correction for ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molar can effectively adjust the mesial inclination angle of patients with ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molar. However, close attention should be paid to the root resorption of the second primary molar, and early detection and treatment should be carried out in clinical practice. If the root resorption of the second primary molar is severe after treatment, a retainer should be made in a timely manner to maintain the arch length.

Comprehensive orthodontic treatment of impacted teeth / 口腔疾病防治

@#Impacted teeth are a kind of complex malocclusion, and their incidence differs among different races, sexes and dental positions. The causes of impacted teeth include systemic factors and local factors, such as endocrine disorders, malnutrition, and acute and chronic infectious diseases. Local factors can cause abnormal tooth development or eruption during the process from tooth development to tooth eruption, such as damaged permanent tooth embryos caused by local inflammation or trauma, insufficient eruption space caused by premature loss of deciduous teeth, and eruption disorders caused by local lesions for example hyperplasia or odontoma. The clinical manifestation of impacted teeth is the absence of a permanent tooth in a normal position. We can use cone beam CT (CBCT) to locate the impacted teeth. Comprehensive orthodontic treatment includes surgical-assisted eruption, extraction of retained deciduous teeth or supernumerary teeth, removal of lesions such as odontomas and cysts, and expansion of the orthodontic space. When the dysfunctional local soft and hard tissues are removed during a surgical operation, the tooth still cannot sprout smoothly, and it needs to be assisted by orthodontic traction-guided eruption or extracted and autotransplantation. A clear diagnosis, evaluation of the difficulty of treatment and appropriate treatment are the keys to improving the success rate of treatment. In this paper, the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis and corresponding treatment methods of impacted teeth will be reviewed, and the orthodontic treatment of impacted teeth will be comprehensively described to provide a reference for clinicians about the treatment of impacted teeth.

An atypical presentation of polymorphic eruption in early pregnancy in a 40-year-old female: Case in images

@#Polymorphic eruption in pregnancy (PEP), formerly known as pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy, is a common gestational dermatosis. It rarely manifests in the early trimester of pregnancy and hardly persists in the postpartum period especially in multigravid patients. PEP usually appears late in the third trimester of a first pregnancy, and less frequently in the immediate postpartum period. It occurs almost exclusively in primigravid mothers and is more common in multiple pregnancies.1 2 3 Recurrence in subsequent pregnancies is extremely rare.3 4 The cause of PEP is still unknown, although various theories have been proposed, including increased skin distention, deposition of fetal DNA in skin lesions, high levels of progesterone, and increased progesterone receptor immunoreactivity in patients with PEP.

Effect of dental follicles in minimally invasive open-eruption technique of labially impacted maxillary central incisors / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To summarize the open-eruption technique of impacted anterior maxillary teeth, this study reports a technically improved operation on surgical exposure based on dental follicles and evaluates post-treatment periodontal health considering the effect of dental follicles.@*METHODS@#Patients who underwent open-eruption technique with unilateral labially impacted maxillary central incisors were selected. The impacted teeth were assigned to the experimental group, and the contralateral unimpacted maxillary central incisors were assigned to the control group. In the surgical exposure, the new technique makes use of dental follicles to manage the soft tissue, so as to preserve soft tissue for better aesthetic results and healthier periodontal tissue. Tooth length, root length, alveolar bone loss, and alveolar bone thickness were recorded after the therapy.@*RESULTS@#A total of 17 patients with unilateral maxillary central incisor impaction were successfully treated. The tooth length and root length of the two groups showed a statistically significant difference between the impacted and homonym teeth, with a shorter length in the impacted tooth (P<0.05). More labial alveolar bone loss was found in the experimental group compared with that in the control group (P<0.05). The outcomes of the cementoenamel junction width, pa- latal alveolar bone loss, and alveolar bone thickness did not indicate statistical significance between the experimental and control groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#In the surgical exposure, the new technique uses dental follicles to manage the soft tissue and preserve it for better aesthetic results and healthier periodontal tissues.

Number of erupted teeth at the age of 12 and 24 months: a maternal report validation study

Aim: To verify the validity of maternal reports on the number of deciduous teeth erupted in their children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed with children enrolled in a Birth Cohort at the age of 12 months in the first stage and 24 months in the second stage. At both stages, children were clinically examined, and mothers reported the number of teeth of their children. Comparison between groups was performed using the Mann-Whitney non-paired Wilcoxon test. Level of agreement between two methods were estimated by the Observed Agreement, Weighted Kappa and Intraclass Correlation coefficients. Results: A total of 125 children were examined in the first stage, with mean number of reported teeth of 6.2. In the second stage, 149 children were examined, with mean number of reported teeth of 15.9. High level of agreement, kappa values and intraclass correlation coefficients were observed for both arches in both periods (p<0.001). Conclusions: Maternal report on the number of teeth erupted in children was reliable and valid. Thus, it seems to be a useful instrument for collecting data in population-based epidemiological studies targeting young children

Erupción variceliforme de Kaposi en un paciente adulto mayor con desnutrición severa

El eccema herpético o erupción variceliforme de Kaposi, a pesar de ser una infección viral poco frecuente, se considera una urgencia dermatológica, debido a su alto potencial de diseminación, gravedad y mortalidad en adultos. Los pacientes inmunosuprimidos suponen un alto riesgo de colonización cutánea y visceral, además de una mayor probabilidad de presentar otras infecciones causadas por el virus del herpes simple. Se caracteriza por presentar lesiones en piel de tipo vesículas umbilicadas agrupadas o diseminadas que evolucionan a erosiones hemorrágicas perforadas, que se localizan principalmente en cabeza, cuello y tórax; son dolorosas y tardan entre 2-6 semanas en sanar y por lo general se asocian a compromiso sistémico. El diagnóstico es clínico; en caso de duda, se puede utilizar Test de Tzanck, que es una herramienta rápida para confirmar infección por herpes virus; tiene una sensibilidad de 40-80 % y especificidad hasta del 100 %. El manejo consiste en terapia antiviral sistémica; el tratamiento antibiótico está indicado si existe riesgo sobreinfección bacteriana. El tratamiento oportuno de la infección es clave para la evolución hacia la recuperación del paciente.

Eczema herpeticum or Kaposi's varicelliform eruption is a rare viral infection; however, it's considered a dermatologic urgency due to the high potential for dissemination, severity and mortality. Immunosuppressed patients have a high risk of skin and visceral colonization in addition to a higher probability of other infections caused by herpes simplex virus. Kaposi's varicelliform eruption is characterized by vesicopustules, some umbilicated, others eroded and extended in clusters. They may also present hemorrhagic crusts with an erythematous base. The most commonly affected sites are head, neck, and trunk. These lesions are painful, they take from 2 to 6 weeks to heal and are usually associated with systemic signs of infection. Diagnosis is mainly clinical. In case of doubt, the Tzanck allows a rapid diagnostic approach with a sensitivity of 40-80 % and specificity up to 100 % in herpes virus. Antiviral treatment proved to be effective; additional antibiotic treatment is required if there is risk of bacterial infection. The timely treatment of the infection is the key in the evolution towards the recovery of the patient.

Influence of Gestational Age on Eruption of Primary Teeth in Indian Children - A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Context: Eruption of primary teeth is the most anticipated event in a child’s life. Genetics, gender, socio?economic status, gestational age are a few of the determinants of the primary teeth eruption. However, the effect of gestational age on the timing of primary teeth eruption among the Indian population has not been explored to date. Aim: The study was conducted to evaluate the influence of gestational age on time and sequence of eruption of primary teeth among children of Mysore. Settings and Design: A prospective longitudinal cohort study design was conducted at ‘Baby Oral Health Promotion Clinic’ at the Department of Paediatrics, JSS Hospital, Mysore. Methods and Material: 150 newborn babies were recruited by simple random sampling and followed up from birth to 36 months. Teeth present during each visit were recorded. Data were statistically analysed and interpreted. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics, t?test for an independent sample, and Pearson’s Chi?squared test were applied. Results: The mandibular central incisor was the first tooth to erupt. Statistically insignificant early eruption in males was noted in both term and preterm children. When the chronological ages were compared, the preterm group showed a statistically significant delay in the eruption of all the teeth. However, when the age was adjusted for prematurity, only the central incisors and second molars showed a statistically significant delay. Conclusions: Gestational age has a strong significant association with the eruption of primary teeth and maybe one of the strong predictors for delayed eruption among children of Mysore.

Erupción dentaria, actualización en los mecanismos eruptivos: a propósito de un caso / Dental eruption, update in eruptive mechanisms: on the purpose of a case

Introducción: El presente artículo ahonda en las teorías más aceptadas sobre el proceso de erupción dental en la literatura de hoy en día y, desde este enfoque, expone el caso clínico de una paciente de 12 años de edad que presentaba retención de caninos y molares temporales. A dicha paciente se le trató clínicamente mediante exodoncias seriadas y se muestra su evolución posterior al tratamiento dental. Objetivos: Lograr entender de mejor manera el proceso de la erupción dental en base a la actual bibliografía. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con palabras claves: "erupción dental", "extracciones seriadas", "retención dental" y "evolución dental". La paciente fue evaluada y tratada ortodóncicamente, mediante extracciones seriadas y se realizaron controles dentales periódicos con toma de radiografía panorámica para evaluar su evolución. Conclusión: El folículo dental y el retículo estrellado son las estructuras encargadas de generar el proceso eruptivo del diente mediante la interacción de diversas moléculas. Estas moléculas deben encajar dentro de un contexto para que cada diente erupcione de manera independiente.

Introduction: This article delves into the most accepted theories about the dental eruption process in today's literature and, from this perspective, presents the clinical case of a 12-year-old patient who presented retention of temporary canines and molars. This patient was treated clinically by means of serial extractions and her evolution after dental treatment is shown. Objectives: This article delves into the most accepted theories about the dental eruption process in today's literature and, from this perspective, presents the clinical case of a 12-year-old patient who presented retention of temporary canines and molars. This patient was treated clinically by means of serial extractions and her evolution after dental treatment is shown. Materials and methods: A bibliographic review was carried out with key words: "dental eruption", "serial extractions", "dental retention" and "dental evolution". The patient was evaluated and treated orthodontically by serial extractions and periodic dental check-ups were carried out with panoramic radiography to evaluate her evolution. Conclusion: The dental follicle and the stellate reticulum are the structures responsible for generating the eruptive process of the tooth through the interaction of various molecules. These molecules must fit into a context for each tooth to erupt independently.

Reacción adversa a medicamento con signos cutáneos (erupción liquenoide) atribuibles a imatinib, y respuesta favorable al tratamiento con fototerapia UVB de banda angosta / Adverse drug reaction with skin signs (lichenoid rash) attributable to imatinib, and favorable response to treatment with narrowband UVB phototherapy

Resumen El imatinib es un agente antineoplásico que actúa como inhibidor de la tirosina-cinasa. Los efectos adversos cutáneos son, en general, leves y autolimitados. Dentro de estos, la erupción liquenoide es infrecuente y suele mejorar sólo con tratamiento tópico. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con erupción liquenoide por imatinib refractaria al tratamiento con corticoides tópicos, con respuesta favorable a terapia de luz ultravioleta B de banda estrecha. No existen casos publicados a la fecha en la literatura de erupción liquenoide por imatinib tratada con fototerapia.

Abstract Imatinib is an antineoplastic agent that acts as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Cutaneous adverse effects are generally mild and self-limited. The lichenoid eruption due to imatinib is rare. It usually improves just with topical treatment. We present the case of a patient with a lichenoid reaction due to imatinib, refractory to treatment with topical corticosteroids, with a favorable response to narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy. There are no published cases to date in the literature of lichenoid eruption due to imatinib treated with phototherapy.

Terceiro Molar Ectópico em Incisura Mandibular / Ectopic Third Molar in the Mandibular Notch

Dentes ectópicos são frequentemente encontrados, entretanto, terceiros molares inferiores ectópicos são inco-muns, com etiologia obscura e pouco descritos na literatura pertinente. Sua localização já foi relatada nas regiões condilar, subcondilar, incisura mandibular, ângulo e borda inferior da mandíbula. Devido à importância do plane-jamento terapêutico, manejo adequado e variedade das manifestações clínicas desta condição, este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de terceiro molar inferior ectópico na região de incisura mandibular, com radiolucência aumentada ao redor da coroa, em um paciente do gênero masculino, de 28 anos e sem sintomato-logia. Acompanhamento radiográfico pode ser indicado, no entanto, em pacientes sintomáticos ou com alterações patológicas associadas, a extração deve ser considerada. Diante disso, o tratamento de escolha foi a extração do dente 38 sob anestesia geral, por via intraoral, tendo em vista a posição dentária, radiolucência e morbidade as-sociada à cirurgia. O tecido mole circundante foi enviado para análise anatomopatológica. O paciente evoluiu sem intercorrências durante avaliação pós-operatória (AU)

Ectopic teeth are frequently found, however, ectopic lower third molars are uncommon, with obscure etiology and little described in the pertinent literature. Its location has been reported in the condylar, subcondylar, mandibular notch, angle and lower edge of the mandible. Due to the importance of therapeutic planning, adequate manage-ment and variety of clinical manifestations of this condition, this study aimed to report a clinical case of an ectopic lower third molar in the region of the mandibular notch, with increased radiolucency around the crown, in a male gender pacient, 28 years old and without symptoms. Radiographic follow-up may be indicated, however, in symp-tomatic patients or patients with associated pathological changes, extraction should be considered. Therefore, the treatment of choice was the extraction of tooth 38 under general anesthesia, intraorally approach, considering the dental position, radiolucency and morbidity associated with the surgery. The surrounding soft tissue was sent for anatomopathological analysis. The patient evolved uneventfully during the postoperative evaluation (AU)

Exantema intertriginosoflexural y simétrico (SDRIFE) por piroxicam: a propósito de un caso clínico / Symmetrical drug related intertriginous and flexural exanthema secondary to piroxicam: a case report

Resumen El exantema intertriginoso y flexural simétrico por fármacos (SDRIFE) es una toxicodermia que se presenta con exantema limitado a pliegues, sobretodo en región glútea y genital, y representa una reacción a la exposición sistémica a un medicamento sin sensibilización previa. Presentamos el caso de una paciente mujer adulta previamente sana, que consulta por este tipo de reacción medicamentosa asociada al uso de piroxicam intramuscular, manejada de forma exitosa con antihistamínicos, esteroides tópicos y sistémicos.

Abstract Symmetrical drug related intertriginous and flexural exanthema is a cutaneous drug eruption that is characterized by exanthema limited to creases, buttocks and the upper inner thighs. It represents a reaction to systemic exposure to a drug, without previous sensitization. We present the case of a woman, previously healthy, who consulted due to this drug reaction after being injected with piroxicam, who was successfully treated with antihistamines, topical and systemic corticosteroids.

Odontomas: un reto para el tratamiento interdisciplinario del paciente de ortodoncia / Odontomas: a challenge for the interdisciplinary treatment of the orthodontic patient

El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir las técnicas para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de 3 casos clínicos de odontoma en pacientes ortodóncicos. En el caso 1, se trató a un paciente masculino de 17 años, que acudió para interconsulta con el servicio de ortodoncia, ya que no había erupcionado el canino superior izquierdo y el primer premolar superior izquierdo. El estudio anatomopatológico reveló odontoma complejo con áreas pindborgoides y acumulación de células fantasma. En al caso 2 se trató a un paciente femenino de 15 años. El estudio anatomopatológico reveló odontoma complejo. En el caso 3, se trató a un paciente masculino de 28 años que acudió a rehabilitación integral de su boca, y fue derivado a la cátedra de ortodoncia. En la radiografía panorámica se observó una imagen compatible con odontoma. Se remitió una muestra a anatomía patológica que confirmó el diagnóstico de odontoma. Conclusión: el conocimiento adecuado de las características clínicas, radiológicas y patológicas es necesario para un correcto diagnóstico y tratamiento. Es importante el trabajo interdisciplinario ortodoncista - cirujano para tratar estos casos (AU)

The objective of this work is to describe the techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of 3 clinical cases of odontoma in orthodontic patients. In case 1, a 17-year-old male patient was treated who came for consultation with the orthodontic service, since the upper left canine and the upper left first premolar had not erupted. Pathological study revealed complex odontoma with pindborgoid areas and accumulation of ghost cells. In case 2, a 15-year-old female patient was treated. The anatomopathological study revealed a complex odontoma. In case 3, a 28-year-old male patient was treated who attended comprehensive rehabilitation of his mouth and was referred to the orthodontic department. In the panoramic radiography, an image compatible with odontoma was observed. A sample was sent to pathological anatomy, which confirmed the diagnosis of odontoma. Conclusion: Adequate knowledge of the clinical, radiological and pathological characteristics is necessary for a correct diagnosis and treatment. Interdisciplinary orthodontist-surgeon work is important to treat these cases (AU)

Erupción dentaria y actividad de caries: ¿es un factor de riesgo en adolescentes?

Resumen Objetivo: describir el comportamiento, distribución y severidad de las lesiones de caries en las superficies oclusales de los segundos molares permanentes. Relacionarlo a su etapa de erupción y presencia de actividad en el resto de la cavidad bucal. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en una muestra de conveniencia de 100 adolescentes, de ambos sexos, (edad promedio=13,39±0,94 años). Los padres respondieron un cuestionario sobre aspectos socioeconómicos y salud general y los adolescentes sobre dieta y hábitos de higiene. Dos examinadoras calibradas realizaron el examen clínico de acuerdo a los criterios de ICDAS II en todas las superficies erupcionadas, así como el mapeo de la cara oclusal y la etapa de erupción de los segundos molares permanentes. Resultados: la prevalencia de caries fue de un 97% y la extensión (CPOD modificado) de 8,45± 5,10. El 82% de los adolescentes con experiencia de caries presentaba lesiones activas y el 62% de los carioactivos presentaban lesiones únicamente en las caras oclusales de los segundos molares permanentes. Se observó mayor prevalencia de lesiones de caries activas en los estadíos I y II de erupción de los segundos molares permanentes, siendo los sitios más afectados la fosa central y mesial y la fosa central y distal, respectivamente. Conclusiones: La erupción activa de molares significa una etapa de riesgo para las personas que debe ser considerada al momento priorizar y establecer programas de salud bucal.

Resumo Objetivo: descrever o comportamento, distribuição e severiidade das lesões de cárie nas superfícies oclusais dos segundos molares permanentes. Relacionar com seu estágio de erupção e presença de atividade no resto da cavidade oral. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo em uma amostra de conveniência de 100 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, (média de idade = 13,39 ± 0,94 anos). Os pais responderam a um questionário sobre aspectos socioeconômicos e de saúde geral e os adolescentes sobre alimentação e hábitos de higiene. Dois examinadores calibrados realizaram o exame clínico de acordo com os critérios do ICDAS II em todas as superfícies erupcionadas, além de mapear a superfície oclusal e o estágio de erupção dos segundos molares permanentes. Resultados: a prevalência de cárie foi de 97% e a extensão (CPOD modificado) de 8,45 ± 5,10. 82% dos adolescentes com experiência de cárie tinham lesões ativas e 62% dos carioativos tinham lesões apenas nas superfícies oclusais dos segundos molares permanentes. Maior prevalência de lesões de cárie ativas foi observada nos estágios I e II de erupção dos segundos molares permanentes, sendo os locais mais acometidos a fossa central e mesial e a fossa central e distal, respectivamente. Conclusões: A erupção ativa de molares representa uma etapa de risco para as pessoas que deve ser considerada na priorização e estabelecimento de programas de saúde bucal.

Abstract Objective: to describe the behavior, distribution, and severity of lesions on the occlusal surfaces of the second permanent molars. Relate it to its stage of eruption and presence of activity in the rest of oral cavity. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted in a convenience sample of 100 adolescents of both sexes (mean age = 13.39 ± 0.94 years). The parents answered a questionnaire on socioeconomic characteristics and general health, and the adolescents, one on food and hygiene habits. Two calibrated examiners recorder caries according to ICDAS II on all the dental surfaces . They also mapped the occlusal surface and eruption stage of the second permanent molars. Results: the prevalence of caries was 97%, and the extension (modified DMFT) was 8.45 ± 5.10. Eighty-two percent of the adolescents with caries experience had active lesions, and 62% of those with caries had lesions only on the occlusal surfaces of the second permanent molars. A higher prevalence of active caries lesions was observed in eruption stages I and II of the second permanent molars. The most affected sites were the central and mesial fossa and the central and distal fossa. Conclusions: Active molar eruption entails a risk stage that should be considered when prioritizing and developing oral health programs.

Systemic Manifestations, Tooth Eruption and Enamel Defects in Children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome: 36-Month Follow-up Case Series

Abstract Objective: To describe systemic manifestations, the characteristics related to tooth eruption, and the occurrence of enamel defects in children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome (CZS). Material and Methods: Prospective case series based on nine children with confirmed CZS diagnosis assisted at a reference center in a municipality in the Northeast Region of Brazil. Through a structured interview directed to mothers, information related to prenatal, delivery, and postpartum periods was collected. Tooth eruption was monitored through clinical examinations for 36 months. The modified developmental defect of enamel index (DDE) was used to identify opacities and hypoplasia. Data were presented using descriptive statistics. Results: A high proportion (77.8%) had microcephaly, and 55.5% had low birth weight. Musculoskeletal disorders, swallowing difficulty, and self-injury practices were present in all children. Among the systemic findings, visual impairment (77.8%) and seizures (77.8%) were widely reported. Concerning disorders related to the stomatognathic system, bruxism (66.7%) and difficulty in sucking (33.3%) were present. For most children (77.8%), the deciduous right lower central incisor was the first tooth to erupt (minimum 8 months and maximum 17 months). Enamel defects were diagnosed in only two children (22.2%). Conclusion: A wide range of systemic manifestations was observed in children with CZS, including visual impairment and musculoskeletal disorders. Delayed eruption of the first deciduous tooth was also observed. Enamel defects were present in a small proportion of children.