Caracterização do perfil de resistência a fluoroquinilonas, Patos de Minas, MG / Caracterization of the of resistance to fluoroquinilonas, Patos de Minas, MG

As infecções do trato urinário (ITU) estão entre as infecções mais comuns na clínica médica e respondem a uma " grande parte dos processos infecciosos, comuniáarios e hospitalares. São caracterizadas pela invasão e multiplicação de microrganismos nas vias urinárias, habitualmente, bactérias. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as ITU no municipio de Patos de Minas, em usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), no período de agosto de 2008 a abril de 2009, através de exames realizados no Laboratório Universitário de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas do Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas- UNIPAM, ressaltando a idade, sexo e a prevalência dos microrganismos envolvidos e a observação da resistência/sensibilidade dos microrganismos encontrados aos antimicrobianos, Ampicilina, Ciprofloxacina, Norfloxacina, Nitrofurantoina e Sulfametoxazol-Trimetoprima. Dos 1.245 resultados de urocultura analisados, 201 (16,14%) apresentaram resultados positivos para ITU, sendo que 13,89% (173) foram do sexo feminino. A prevalência poridade se apresentou, de 20 a 39 anos com 5,4% (65), seguido pela faixa etária de 40 a 59, com 5,1% (63). Das uroculturas positivas, a prevalência foi maior para as bactérias Gram negativas (BGN), 89% (179), sendo a E. coli, presente em 66% (133) das amostras positivas. Ao analisar o perfil de sensibilidade, a Ampicilina apresentou-se sensível (S) em 43% (86) e 53% (113) resistente; a Sulfa/trimetoprima S= 61% (122) e R=38% (76); Nitrofurantoina S=77% (154) e R=21% (43); Norfloxacina S=71% (142) e R=28% (56); eo Ciprofloxacina S=75% (150), e R=24% (49). Assim conclui-se que o uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos acaba levando a resistência.

The urinary tract infections (ITU) is an extremely common condition that occurs in all ages, from newborns to the elderly. Accordingly, this work aims to investigate the ITU in the city of Patos de Minas, in users of the Sistema Onico de Saude (SUS), from August 2008 to April 2009 in tests Laboratório Universitário de Análises Clínicas, emphasizing the age, sex and prevalence of the microorganisms involved and the observation of resistance I sensitivity to antibiotics of microorganisms found Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, nitrofurantoin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole . The 1245 results of urine culture tested, 201 (16.14%) showed positive results for ITU, with 13.89% (173) were female. The prevalence by age is presented from 20 to 39 years with 5.4% (65), followed by the age of 40 to 59, with 5.1% (63). By analyzing the profile of sensitivity, is presented Ampicillin sensitive (S) in 43% (86), 1% intermediate (/) and 53% (113) resistant; to SulfaI trimethoprim S = 61% (122), I= 1% (3) and R = 38% (76); Nitrofurantoin S = 77% (154), I= 2% (4) and R = 21% (43); Norfloxacin S= 71% (142), I= 1% (3)andR=28% (56), andCiprofloxacinS= 75% (150), I= 1% (2) andR=24% (49). Thus it is concluded that the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has led to resistance.

The Effect of Surfactant Treatment for Experimental Escherichi coli Pneumonia in Rats

PURPOSE: Recently, it has been reported that the disease with secondary surfactant deficiency such as pneumonia and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) improved in arterial blood gas analysis and pulmonary mechanics by surfactant treatment. In this study, we investigated the effect of surfactant in the experimentally induced E. coli pneumonia in rats. METHODS: 0.25 mL (0.5x109) E. coli suspension was injected intratracheally to the rats. After ventilating rats for 1 minute, 0.25 mL Surfactant TA (60 mg/mL phospholipid) was administered to the study group and normal saline to the control group. In about 12 hours, pneumonia symptoms developed, and the arterial blood gas analysis was performed with the blood obtained from abdominal aorta accessed by laparotomy. And then, bronchial lavage fluid (BAL) was obtained to perform cell count with differentials and E. coli culture, and to measure protein concentrations. The lungs were fixed in formalin for histological examination to compare the degree of inflammation. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in PaO2, cell count, differential count, E. coli culture between the study group and the control group. The protein concentrations of BALs in the surfactant-treated group were significantly lower than those in the control group (277+/-164 mg/dL vs 1,030+/-410 mg/dL). The inflammatory changes were found in E. coli-infected lung tissues from both groups, but less prominent in the surfactant-treated group than in control. CONCLUSION: Surfactant treatment decreased both the protein concentration of BALs and the inflammatory changes of lung tissue in an experimental model of E. coli pneumonia in rats.