Is there a relationship between middle concha bullosa and ethmoid roof asymmetry? / Existe uma relação entre a concha média bolhosa e a assimetria do teto etmoidal?

Abstract Introduction The middle turbinate and ethmoid roof are intranasal structures and may have many anatomical variations. These structures, which serve as anatomical markers during functional sinus surgery, are important for preventing complications and performing a proper surgery. Knowledge of anatomical variations will increase surgical success and reduce complications. Objective We aimed to investigate the presence of asymmetry in the ethmoidal roof and anatomical variation in patients with and without concha bullosa. Methods In this study, the files of patients who underwent paranasal computed tomography between 2012 and 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups, as patients with and without concha bullosa. Differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, septum deviation, ethmoid artery dehiscence, ethmoid roof asymmetry were examined. Results The 369 patients included in our study were divided into two groups; those with concha bullosa and those without concha bullosa. The mean age of the patients with concha bullosa was 36.1 ± 13.4 (min-max: 12-74) and the mean age of patients without concha bullosa was 37.5 ± 14.3 (min-max: 10-81). The ethmoid roof depths were compared between the two groups and a significant difference was observed (p < 0.001). The ethmoid roof depth was higher in the group with concha bullosa (p < 0.001). Conclusion The results of our study indicate that the ethmoidal roof tends to be higher in patients with middle concha bullosa.

Resumo Introdução A concha média e o teto etmoidal são estruturas intranasais e podem apresentar muitas variações anatômicas. Essas estruturas, usadas como marcadores anatômicos durante a cirurgia sinusal funcional, são importantes para evitar complicações e para a feitura adequada da cirurgia. O conhecimento das variações anatômicas aumenta o sucesso cirúrgico e reduz as complicações. Objetivo Investigar a presença de assimetria no teto etmoidal e variações anatômicas em pacientes com e sem concha bolhosa. Método Os prontuários dos pacientes submetidos à tomografia computadorizada de seios paranasais entre 2012 e 2018 foram analisados retrospectivamente. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, pacientes com e sem concha bolhosa. As diferenças entre os dois grupos em termos de idade, sexo, desvio do septo, deiscência da artéria etmoidal e assimetria do teto etmoidal foram avaliadas. Resultados Os 369 pacientes incluídos em nosso estudo foram divididos em dois grupos: com concha bolhosa e sem concha bolhosa. A média de idade dos pacientes com concha bolhosa foi de 36,1 ± 13,4 (mín-máx: 12-74 anos) e a média de idade dos pacientes sem concha bolhosa foi de 37,5 ± 14,3 (mín-máx: 10-81 anos). As profundidades do teto etmoidal foram comparadas entre os dois grupos, observou-se diferença significante (p < 0,001). Observou-se que a profundidade do teto etmoidal foi maior no grupo com concha bolhosa (p < 0,001). Conclusão O resultado do nosso estudo indica que pacientes com concha média bolhosa tendem a apresentar uma maior profundidade do teto etmoidal.

An Analysis of Configuration of Lateral Lamella of Cribriform Plate of Ethmoid: A Computed Tomographic Study.

Background: Ethmoid Skull Base (ESB) is anarticulation of ethmoid roof with Lateral Lamella ofCribriform plate (LLCP). An increased LLCP heightwas observed to increase the vulnerability of ESB tosurgical injuries. Aim and Objectives: The present studywas undertaken to analyze the configuration of thelateral lamella of cribriform plate, the ethmoid roof withrespect to Keros type of olfactory fossa. Material andMethods: Aretrospective Computed Tomographic (CT)study was done with 60 Coronal Paranasal Sinuses(PNS) scans and LLCP height was determined bysubtracting Medial Ethmoid Roof Point (MERP) fromCP heights and classified according to Keros. Thedifference between Medial Ethmoid Roof Point(MERP) and Lateral Ethmoid Roof Point (LERP)heights in both anterior and posterior planes indicatesthe direction of ethmoid roof slope. Results: Theaverage height of the LLCP was between 1.53 to 8.55mm with a mean (SD) of 3.77 mm 1.66 and majoritybelonged to Keros type I. Overall mean differencebetween LERP and MERP was 5.43 0.74 mm inanterior and 4.43 0.63 mm in posterior planes. In boththe planes irrespective of the sides the height of theLERPwas higher in relation to medial side. Conclusion:Keros type I was the most common type and the slope ofanterior ethmoid roof is steeper compared to posterior.This preoperative knowledge about the configuration ofLLCPas well as the ethmoid roof contour is vital duringendonasal ethmoidal surgeries.

Biometría etmoidal realizada por tomografía computarizada / Biometrics ethmoid by Computed Tomography

Introducción: El etmoides, en los últimos 20 años adquirió relevancia para anatomistas, clínicos, neurocirujanos y otorrinolaringólogos, por el desarrollo de técnicas quirúrgicas endoscópicas y múltiples variantes anatómicas que presenta. Objetivo: Este trabajo fue elaborado con el objetivo de establecer en nuestra muestra la profundidad del techo etmoidal predominante por sexo en población estudiada; frecuencia con la que se presenta simetría en el techo etmoidal; frecuencia con la que se encuentran celdas supraorbitarias en población estudiada; por último, se pretende establecer percentiles por sexo de dimensiones del etmoides en población adulta. Material y método: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transverso en el que se realizó revisión retrospectiva, consecutiva de tomografías de senos paranasales en cortes axiales, coronales y sagitales de pacientes mayores de 20 años, del Departamento de Radiología de los Hospitales, de Clínicas, del IPS, del Regional de Luque, Clínica Iribas y del Instituto Radiológico Calvo, Asunción, Paraguay. Resultados: Se encontró que la profundidad del techo etmoidal fue de Keros II en ambos sexos y ambas fosas nasales; se encontró simetría en el 60%; celdas supraorbitarias se encontraron en el 27,5% de casos. Conclusiones: Mediciones realizadas por tomografía computarizada en etmoides de pacientes que participaron del estudio, no difieren de las mediciones realizadas por otros autores. Estos resultados contribuyen a mejorar conocimientos de variantes anatómicas propias de nuestra población para difundirlos, ponerlos en práctica y mejorar la experiencia en el manejo integral de pacientes con patologías médico-quirúrgicas de senos paranasales.

Introduction: The ethmoid is a structure that has become relevant for anatomists, clinicians, neurosurgeons and otolaryngologists due the great development of endoscopic surgical techniques and multiple anatomic variants. Aim: This work was developed with the goal of establishing in our sample studied, depth of ethmoid roof, predominant by gender; frequency with which symmetry in ethmoid roof is presented, and frequency with which supraorbital cells is in sample studied. Finally, the study is aimed to establish percentages by gender, the dimensions of the ethmoid on adult population. Material and methods: The cross-sectional, descriptive observational study in which retrospective review was performed consecutively, tomographic studies of the paranasal sinuses in axial, coronal and sagittal on patients over 20 years old at the Radiology Department of the Hospitals, Clinics, IPS, Regional in Luque, Iribas Clinical Institute, and Calvo Radiological Institute. Results: The studies performed revealed that the depth of the ethmoid roof was Keros II in both genders and both nostrils, the symmetry was found in 60%, the supraorbital cells were found in 27.5% of both cases. Conclusions: Measurements by computed tomography in ethmoid bone of patients who participated in this study do not differ from the measurements performed by other authors.