Drug Selection and Evaluation in Medical Institutions： A Scoping Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveBy analyzing the current situation of drug selection and evaluation in medical institutions in the world，we aim to understand the development of relevant selection methods and tools，provide reference basis for drug selection in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） medical institutions，and promote the optimization of drug catalogs in TCM medical institutions. MethodBased on the method of scoping review，the eight databases were systematically searched，the included documents were screened，extracted and analyzed，and the research results were graphically displayed. ResultA total of 23 articles were included in this study，including 13 in Chinese and 10 in English，involving 23 methods or tools related to drug selection. Of the 14 methods or tools from Chinese medical institutions，the earliest one was published in 2012，and five were published in 2022. The published methods or tools involved different levels of hospitals，different drug varieties，different evaluation angles，etc.，such as the drug selection methods of one county hospital and one township hospital， methods and tools for different types of drugs such as antibacterial drugs，ibuprofen preparations，proton pump inhibitors and hypoglycemic drugs used in pediatric intensive care units， Chinese patent medicine selection tools， tools for evaluation from the perspective of pharmacoeconomics， and universal tools for selecting domestic medical institutions. The nine drug selection tools of foreign medical institutions were from the European，American，Asian and African countries. It was first published in 1955. The contents included the formulation standards that medical institutions should follow for drug prescription sets，the management formulation and update of hospital prescription sets，and drug evaluation tools. ConclusionOn the whole，the drug selection methods and institutional methods of foreign medical institutions developed earlier than those in China. In recent years，Chinese medical institutions have paid high attention to drug selection and released various types of drug selection tools. However，the standardization should be further improved in the future.

Lineamientos, estándares y normas editoriales de revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura en la administración / Guidelines, standards and editorial norms of systematic literature reviews in administration / Diretrizes, normas e padrões editoriais para revisões sistemáticas da literatura em administração

RESUMEN Dada la carencia de lineamientos únicos o estandarizados para las revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura en el campo de la administración, este artículo hace una recopilación de información sobre las pautas de publicación en revistas indexadas y estándares internacionales para analizarlas y tener un panorama más amplio frente a las guías o requerimientos que se deben seguir para la publicación de Revisiones Sistemáticas de Literatura (RSL) en el campo de la administración. La estrategia metodológica contempló la búsqueda y selección de estándares internaciones para Revisiones Sistemáticas, el análisis de las pautas de las revistas que publican RSL en el campo de la administración halladas a partir de una búsqueda sistemática y la comparación de los estándares y las pautas de las revistas. CLASIFICACIÓN JEL A29, M10, Y20.

ABSTRACT In management there is a lack of unique or standardized guidelines for systematic reviews of the literature. This article compiles information on the publication guidelines in indexed journals in management and international standards to analyze them. This gives a broader panorama about the guidelines or requirements to be followed for the publication of Systematic Literature Reviews (SLR) in the field of administration. The methodological strategy included the search and selection of international standards for Systematic Reviews, the analysis of the guidelines of the journals that publish SLR in the field of management and administration found from a systematic search and the comparison of the standards and guidelines of the journals. JEL CLASSIFICATION A29, M10, Y20.

RESUMO Dada a falta de diretrizes únicas ou padronizadas para revisões sistemáticas de literatura no campo da administração, este artigo compila informações sobre diretrizes de publicação em revistas indexadas e padrões internacionais a fim de analisá-las e ter uma visão mais ampla das diretrizes ou requisitos que devem ser seguidos para a publicação de Revisões Sistemáticas de Literatura (SLR) no campo da administração. A estratégia metodológica contemplou a busca e seleção de padrões internacionais para Revisões Sistemáticas, a análise das diretrizes das revistas que publicam SLR no campo da gestão encontradas a partir de uma busca sistemática e a comparação dos padrões e das diretrizes das revistas. CLASSIFICAÇÃO JEL A29, M10, Y20.

Study on the evidence-based decision-making framework for reimbursement technologies in view of EVIDEM / 中国卫生政策研究

This study aimed to establish a new technology for health insurance reimbursement evidence-based decision-making framework on the basis of EVIDEM. Literature review,focus group discussion and qualitative inter-view were used to construct the preliminary decision-making framework,and expert consultation was adopted to deter-mine the necessity and weight of the criteria. The established evidence-based decision-making framework consists of guidelines of normative universal and contextual aspects. The normative aspect included following criteria, need for intervention (i.e. disease severity, size of affected population, benefit type of technology, unmet needs of reim-bursed technology),comparative outcomes of technology (i.e. comparative effectiveness,comparative safety/tolera-bility,comparative patient-perceived/patient-reported outcomes), and economic consequences of technology (i.e. cost,results of economic evaluation). The contextual aspect reflects the mission and mandate of medical insurance, population priorities and the accessibility,common goal and specific interests, political context, and affordability of medical insurance.

Paths and methods of decision-making transformation for health technology assessment in Germany / 中国卫生政策研究

Germany has a similar health insurance system as China, and has already formed standardized management processes as well as efficient decision-making transformation paths for health technology assessment (HTA) that perform well mainly based on three major HTA institutions at the national level.The HTA decision-making transformation system in Germany has proven to be a typical representative in evidence-based decision-making for health policies worldwide.Based on the outcomes of literature analysis and field research, this paper summarizes the paths and methods of Germany's HTA decision-making transformation, and finally proposes several targeted policy recommendations to promote the HTA decision-making transformation in China.

Design of Evidence-based Decision-making Framework for Medical Insurance Reimbursement Based on Big Data Concept / 医学信息学杂志

The paper discusses the evidence-based decision-making framework for medical insurance reimbursement based on big data concept through expert consultation,defines the dimension of decision-making,analyzes the evidence-based decision-making steps in combination with big data resources,proposes suggestions on how to make full use of big data resources around medical insurance decision-making practice.

Establishment of clinical EBM information service model in medical library / 中华医学图书情报杂志

The visual angle of active participation reference model was not scientific and its contents were not sys-tematic in the past EBM information service. A new EBM information service model was thus established by compa-ring the finding process of evidence and the transforming process ofinformation-knowledge-intelligence with the need of evidence-based decision making in clinicians as a logic starting point in order to provide the theory of what to do andhow to scientifically do for clinical librarians and clinicians, to effectively direct clinical librarians to perform EBM information service, and to help clinicians to scientifically make their decision.

Drug effectiveness review project and its inspiration to China comprehensive evaluation of medicine / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To introduce Drug Effectiveness Review Project, discuss how to improve Chinese Comprehensive Evaluation of Medicine. METHODS: Analysis based on official information and research articles about the Drug Effectiveness Review Project. RESULTS: The paper introduces the organization, evaluation, impact and characteristic of Drug Effectiveness Review Project, presented the considerations to improve Chinese Comprehensive Evaluation of Medicine. CONCLUSION: Chinese Comprehensive Evaluation of Medicine should be improved in encouraging third-party evaluation agency, developing reasonable order for drug evaluation and ensuring the quality of evidence.

Experience from translation mechanisms in the NICE health technology assessment to NHS de-cision making / 中国卫生政策研究

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence ( NICE) is taken for the typical success in u-sing health technology assessment to control cost increase. For other countries in a budget constrained context, this health technology assessment process and knowledge translation mechanism might be of significant implications. The objective of this paper is to provide some hints of knowledge translation to evidence-based decision making by sharing the experience from the NICE health technology assessment.

<b>Pharmacovigilance and Regulatory Science</b> / 薬剤疫学

The concept of regulatory science (RS) was proposed in 1987 by Dr. Mitsuru Uchiyama. He describes “RS is the science of optimizing scientific and technological developments according to objectives geared toward human health. It is also the science of predictive evaluation. In properly carrying out the mission of regulation, we must engage in appropriate research activities and harmonize technology with society's needs. This can be accomplished only by accurately comprehending and carefully exploiting the characteristics and trends of new technologies, reactions, materials, and substances”. This article describes the development and the present status of RS in Japan, US and EU. FDA (US authority) defines RS as the science of developing new tools, standards and approaches to assess the safety, efficacy, quality and performance of FDA-regulated products, and considers RS as a useful tool to accelerate the approval of new drugs and their delivery to patients. On the other hand, PMDA (Japanese authority) takes RS as the norms of regulatory activities in assessment and approval of useful drugs to meet the needs of patients. Pharmacovigilance (PV), defined by WHO, is the pharmacological science relating to the collection, detection, assessment, monitoring, and prevention of adverse effects with pharmaceutical products. PV focuses on safety of drugs and, therefore, can be a part of RS which deals with all aspects of pharmaceutical products including efficacy, safety and quality. The occurrence rate of adverse effects leading to death is revealed quite high by the studies in US and in Japan. Prediction and prevention of adverse effects are urgent matter that RS and PV should deal with.