Injusticias epistémicas normalizadas y restricción de la agencia de las personas con discapacidad

Las injusticias epistémicas son aquellas formas de trato injusto que se relacionan con la producción, trasmisión o utilización del conocimiento por parte de los sujetos. El encuadre ético-epistémico y socio-epistémico proporcionado por estas injusticias se vincula con temas que atraviesan las principales tradiciones filosóficas como el pragmatismo, la fenomenología y la teoría crítica. Estas injusticias se interrelacionan, además, con movimientos sociales e intelectuales como el feminismo, la teoría crítica de la raza, los estudios críticos de la discapacidad y las epistemologías decolonizadoras. Sin embargo, existe un cuestionamiento a que las personas con discapacidad no han sido suficientemente abordadas. El presente artículo se posiciona en los debates actuales sobre las injusticias epistémicas y la discapacidad, y tiene como propósito aportar el concepto de "injusticias epistémicas normalizadas". Partiendo de la constatación de las formas en que se reconocen opresivamente los sujetos con discapacidad, como alejados de la "norma", establece que existen injusticias epistémicas asociadas con esta identificación. Propone que las injusticias epistémicas normalizadas ocurren en la intersección de dos ámbitos: un sistema hermenéutico capacitista y una agencia epistémica restringida en la que se producen al menos tres tipos de configuraciones: no agencia, agencias epistémicas disminuidas y agencias epistémicas en resistencia. Pensar las injusticias epistémicas considerando el peso de la "normalidad" en la constitución como sujetos de las personas con discapacidad permite reconocer una situación crítica de exclusión epistémica para algunas personas, mientras que otras resisten y luchan por ser comprendidas en los recursos hermenéuticos colectivos.

Epistemic injustices refer to those forms of unfair treatment that are related to the production, transmission, or use of knowledge by the subjects. The ethical-epistemic and socio-epistemic framework provided by these injustices is linked to themes that cross the main philosophical traditions such as pragmatism, phenomenology, and critical theory. These injustices are further intertwined with social and intellectual movements such as feminism, critical race theory, critical disability studies, and decolonizing epistemologies. However, there is a question that people with disabilities have not been sufficiently addressed. This article is positioned in the current debates on epistemic injustices and disability, and its purpose is to contribute the concept of "normalized epistemic injustices". Starting from the verification of the ways in which subjects with disabilities are oppressively recognized, as far from the "norm", it establishes that there are epistemic injustices associated with this identification. It proposes that normalized epistemic injustices occur at the intersection of two realms: a capacitist hermeneutic system and a constrained epistemic agency where at least three types of configurations are produced: non-agency; diminished epistemic agencies and epistemic agencies in resistance. Thinking about epistemic injustices considering the weight of "normality" in the constitution as subjects of people with disabilities allows us to recognize a critical situation of epistemic exclusion for some people, while others resist and fight to be understood in collective hermeneutical resources.

As injustiças epistêmicas referem-se àquelas formas de tratamento injusto que estão relacionadas à produção, transmissão ou uso do conhecimento pelos sujeitos. O enquadramento ético-epistêmico e socioepistêmico proporcionado por essas injustiças está vinculado a temas que atravessam as principais tradições filosóficas como o pragmatismo, a fenomenologia e a teoria crítica. Essas injustiças estão ainda mais entrelaçadas com movimentos sociais e intelectuais como o feminismo, a teoria crítica da raça, os estudos críticos da deficiência e as epistemologias descolonizadoras. No entanto, há uma questão de que as pessoas com deficiência não foram suficientemente abordadas. Este artigo se posiciona nos debates atuais sobre injustiças epistêmicas e deficiência, e seu objetivo é contribuir com o conceito de "injustiças epistêmicas normalizadas". A partir da verificação das formas como os sujeitos com deficiência são opressivamente reconhecidos, como distantes da "norma", constata-se que existem injustiças epistêmicas associadas a essa identificação. Propõe que injustiças epistêmicas normalizadas ocorrem na interseção de dois domínios: um sistema hermenêutico capacitista e uma agência epistêmica restrita onde pelo menos três tipos de configurações são produzidas: não-agência; agências epistêmicas diminuídas e agências epistêmicas em resistência. Pensar as injustiças epistêmicas considerando o peso da "normalidade" na constituição como sujeitos das pessoas com deficiência permite reconhecer uma situação crítica de exclusão epistêmica para algumas pessoas, enquanto outras resistem e lutam para serem compreendidas em recursos hermenêuticos coletivos.

O controle social em disputa: a reiteração do lugar excluído? / Social control in dispute: the reiteration of the excluded place?

Resumo: As experiências de controle social sobre as ações governamentais despertam a curiosidade científica de vários pesquisadores vinculados à defesa da cidadania. O objetivo desta abordagem é investigar as contribuições e as influências que as pessoas com deficiência exerceram na formulação da política de saúde no Pará. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, descritivo e analítico. A pesquisa conclui que o grupo pesquisado não desempenhou capacidade política para impor inflexões nas opções governamentais.

Abstract: Experiences of social control over government actions arouse the scientific curiosity of several researchers linked to the defense of citizenship. The objective of this approach is to investigate the contributions and influences that people with disabilities exerted on the formulation of health policy in Pará. This is a qualitative, descriptive and analytical study. The research concludes that the group studied did not have the political capacity to impose changes in government options.

Association of agression and angry expression category perception under social exclusion among male students in reform school / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between aggression and category perception of angry expression in reform school students under social exclusion, so as to provide reference for the reform school students mental health promotion.@*Methods@#In May 2023, 144 students were randomly selected from a reform school in Guizhou Province, and were divided into high and low aggression groups(77 and 67 students) by Aggression Questionnaire. Cyberball game was used to induce social exclusion and acceptance, subjects were divided into high aggressive exclusion group ( n =42), high aggressive acceptance group ( n =35), low aggressive exclusion group ( n =37) and low aggressive acceptance group ( n =30). All the participants completed the discrimination and identification tasks of category perception paradigm, and the relationship between aggression and category perception of angry expression of reform school students under social exclusion was analyzed by using category turning point, identification curve and analysis of variance.@*Results@#The total score of aggression(97.34±8.00) and four dimensions (physical aggression: 29.75± 4.61, verbal aggression:17.19±2.58, anger:22.29±3.66, hostility:28.10±3.54) in the high aggression group were higher than those in the low aggression group(74.10±9.02，21.09±4.98，14.30±2.66，17.16±3.83，21.55±3.88), and the differences were statistically significant ( t =16.38, 10.85, 6.62, 8.20, 10.59, P <0.01). For identifying the turning point of the fear anger continuum, the social exclusion group（2.58±0.07）was significantly smaller than the social acceptance group（2.79±0.07）( F =4.85, η 2=0.07, P < 0.05 ）, and the social exclusion group had a tendency to shift the category boundary to the fear side. For identifying the slope at the angry happiness continuum category boundary curve, the high aggression group (0.63±0.03) was significantly higher than the low aggression group (0.53±0.03)( F =5.38, η 2=0.08, P <0.05). In the fear anger continuum,the high aggression group[(694.86± 78.29 )ms] reacted more quickly than the low aggression group[(660.70±79.86)ms]( F =5.08, η 2=0.05， P <0.05) In the angry happiness continuum, there was no statistical significance of social exclusion and aggression( P >0.05).@*Conclusions@#The suggests that social exclusion can lead to hostility attribution bias in individuals, while aggression can make individuals more sensitive to angry expression. The mechanisms by which social exclusion and aggression affect expression category perception are independent rather than interactive. The society should give tolerance and acceptance to reform school students, reduce exclusion and discrimination, and the reform education department should correct the aggressive behavior of reform school students and promote their mental health.

A patologia da arte e da exclusão / The pathology of art and exclusion / La patología del arte y de la exclusión

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre os tênues limites que separam a patologia da criatividade, utilizando-se, para isso, da genialidade da escritora Clarice Lispector. Coloca a ideia da patologia como fenômeno associado à história da misoginia, buscando suas raízes arquetípicas no mito da criação e na figura feminina de Eva. Desenvolve também a relação entre essa misoginia no plano arquetípico e o sentimento de exclusão que vivenciamos nos mais diferentes níveis de relacionamentos.

This study aims to reflect upon the intricate boundaries that separate pathology from creativity, drawing upon the brilliance of writer Clarice Lispector. It explores the concept of pathology as a phenomenon intertwined with the history of misogyny, seeking its archetypal roots in the myth of creation and the feminine figure of Eve. Additionally, it delves into the connection between this archetypal misogyny and the experience of exclusion that we encounter in various levels of relationships.

Este trabajo propone una reflexión sobre los tenues límites que separan la patología de la creatividad, utilizándose, para ello, del genio de la escritora Clarice Lispector. Coloca la idea de la patología como fenómeno asociado a la historia de la misoginia, buscando sus raíces arquetípicas en el mito de la creación y en la figura femenina de Eva. Desarrolla también la relación entre esa misoginia en el plano arquetípico y el sentimiento de exclusión que experimentamos en los más diferentes niveles de relaciones.

The mediating role of FoMO and the moderating role of narcissism in the impact of social exclusion on compulsive buying: a cross-cultural study

Abstract Background There is an interrelationship between the concepts of social exclusion, compulsive buying behavior, fear of missing out (FoMO), and narcissism. Nevertheless, the extent to which these concepts mediate or moderate their relationships with each other has not been efficiently investigated. Objective This research aims to investigate how FoMO mediates and narcissism moderates the correlation between social exclusion and compulsive buying behavior. In addition, the research aims to test a conceptual model and highlight the differences that may occur in the conceptual model proposed in two different countries. Methods This model was analyzed among 1007 university students (Turkey =506, Denmark =501). The study used scales to measure social exclusion, compulsive buying behavior, FoMO, and narcissism. The study employed PROCESS Model 4 to analyze direct and indirect (mediation) effects and PROCESS Model 59 to assess conditional (moderation) effects. Furthermore, the Johnson-Neyman technique was utilized to investigate interaction terms. Results The findings indicate that those who face social exclusion tend to participate more in compulsive buying, and this connection is partly explained by FoMO. This suggests that individuals who encounter social exclusion may have an increased likelihood of experiencing FoMO, which may subsequently contribute to compulsive buying behavior. Furthermore, the moderating effect of narcissism differed between the Turkey and Danish samples. Specifically, in the Turkey sample, narcissism only modified the connection between social exclusion and FoMO, while in the Danish sample, it impacted both the connection between social exclusion and FoMO and the connection between FoMO and compulsive buying. Conclusion The obtained results show that the regulating role of narcissism is different in Turkey and Denmark within the conceptual model we studied.

O avesso do mesmo lugar / El revés del mismo lugar / The reverse of the same place / L'envers du même endroit

Neste artigo, parte-se das experiências de fronteira de dois meninos. Uma é a narrativa de Zain, no filme Cafarnaum, anterior à sua migração do Líbano; a outra, o caso clínico de Túlio, construído por um grupo de supervisão em serviço de medidas socioeducativas em São Paulo. Abordaremos o laço social nesses distintos contextos, observando subjetividades singulares e universais de adolescentes marcados por desigualdade e injustiça social. O objetivo é interrogar a psicanálise diante da condição de desenraizamento imposta ao sujeito na contemporaneidade. O cinema, objeto da cultura, evoca a nossa responsabilidade ética ao aproximar ficção e realidade, denunciando violências de gênero e situações desumanas oferecidas aos imigrantes e às infâncias subalternizadas. Há o convite para a criação de dispositivos clínicos que ofereçam a hospitalidade como operador conceitual diante das urgências sociais

El presente artículo se basa en las experiencias fronterizas de dos niños. Una es la narración de Zain en la película Cafarnaum, antes de su emigración del Líbano; la otra es el caso clínico de Tulio, construido por un grupo de supervisión em un servicio de medidas socioeducativas en São Paulo. Abordaremos el vínculo social en estos diferentes contextos, observando subjetividades singulares y universales de adolescentes marcados por la desigualdad y la injusticia social. El objetivo es cuestionar el psicoanálisis ante la condición de desarraigo que se impone al sujeto en la contemporaneidad. El cine, objeto de la cultura, evoca nuestra responsabilidad ética al unir ficción y realidad, denunciando la violencia de género y las situaciones inhumanas que se ofrecen a los inmigrantes y a las infancias marginadas. Hay una invitación a crear dispositivos clínicos que ofrezcan hospitalidad como operador conceptual ante las urgencias sociales

This article is based on the frontier experiences of two boys. One is Zain's narrative in the movie Cafarnaum, before his emigration from Lebanon; the other is the clinical case of Tulio, developed by a supervision group in a social and educational measures service in São Paulo. We will approach the social bond in those different contexts, observing singular and universal subjectivities in adolescents marked by inequality and social injustice. The goal is to interrogate psychoanalysis in the face of the uprooting condition imposed on contemporaneous subjects. Cinema, an object of culture, evokes our ethical responsibility by bringing fiction and reality together, denouncing gender violence and inhuman situations faced by immigrants and underprivileged children. There is an invitation to create clinical devices that offer hospitality as a conceptual operator in the face of social urgencies

Dans cet article, nous partons des expériences frontalières de deux garçons. L'un est le parcours de Zain dans le film Cafarnaum, avant sa migration du Liban ; dans l'autre, le cas clinique de Tulio, construit par un groupe de supervision d'une institution de protection socio-éducative à São Paulo. Nous aborderons le lien social dans ces différents contextes, en observant les subjectivités singulières et universelles d'adolescents marqués par des inégalités et l'injustice sociale. Il s'agit d'interroger la psychanalyse face à la condition de déracinement imposée au sujet dans le contemporain. Le cinéma, objet de culture, évoque notre responsabilité éthique en proposant la rencontre entre fiction et réalité, en dénonçant la violence de genre et les situations inhumaines imposées aux immigrés et aux enfances subalternes. Il s'agit ici d'une invitation à créer des dispositifs cliniques qui partent de l' hospitalité comme opérateur conceptuel face aux urgences sociales

Da exclusão social ao desalento: um olhar "decolonial" / From social exclusion to discouragement: a decolonial look

RESUMO: O objeto central deste artigo, fundamentado na psicanálise, é a problemática da exclusão social. Trata-se de mostrar a importância desse saber em uma reflexão dedicada a situações de precariedade social. Um de seus eixos principais concerne à dimensão de pertencimento, própria ao laço social, tendo em vista, em particular, vividos subjetivos marcados por significativas falhas quanto a essa dimensão. A questão da colonialidade é um operador de relevo neste trabalho, visando ao aprofundamento da relação exclusão/pertencimento. A noção de desamparo e sua modalidade extrema, o desalento, têm grande relevância neste estudo, o qual se ancora na articulação entre subjetividade e universo sócio-cultural.

ABSTRACT: From social exclusion to discouragement: a "decolonial" look. The central object of this article, based on psychoanalysis, is the issue of social exclusion. It is about showing the importance of this knowledge in a reflection dedicated to situations of social precariousness. One of its main axes concerns the dimension of belonging, specific to the social bond, taking into account, in particular, subjective experiences marked by significant flaws in this dimension. The issue of coloniality is a relevant operator in this work, aiming to deepen the relationship of exclusion/belonging. The notion of helplessness and its extreme modality, discouragement, has great relevance in this study, which is anchored in the articulation between subjectivity and the socio-cultural universe.

A cidade, palco de tensões e ocupações criativas no espaço: experiências de jovens moradores de periferias / The city, stage of tensions and creative occupations in space: experiences of young residents of the suburbs / La ciudad, escenario de tensiones y ocupaciones creativas en el espacio: experiencias de jóvenes que viven en la periferia

RESUMO Este trabalho buscou pesquisar as relações de um grupo de jovens moradores de regiões periféricas de uma cidade do interior de Minas Gerais com os espaços de casa e da cidade, por meio dos significados e das experiências vivenciadas nesses locais, em interlocução com o referencial teórico do psicodrama. As metodologias utilizadas foram: relato de experiência de um sociodrama realizado antes da pandemia de Covid-19 e, posteriormente, entrevistas semiestruturadas analisadas por meio da teoria fundamentada nos dados. A ocupação dos espaços comunitários de forma criativa, a extensão das relações solidárias no bairro, a praça como espaço da diversidade e também de repressão foram resultados encontrados. O psicodrama pode contribuir como ferramenta significativa para análise dos contextos sociais e espaciais em interlocução com os processos subjetivos de forma crítica, reafirmando seu compromisso social e o direito à cidade.

ABSTRACT This work aimed to investigate the relationships of a group of young people living in suburb regions of a city in the interior of Minas Gerais with social places, based on the meanings and experiences in the home and city environments, in dialogue with the theoretical framework of psychodrama. The methodologies used were experience report of a sociodrama performed before the COVID-19 pandemic and, subsequently, semi-structured interviews analyzed by grounded theory methodology. The occupation of community places in a creative way, the extension of solidarity relationships in the neighborhood, the square as a space of diversity and also of repression were the research findings. Psychodrama can contribute as a significant tool for the analysis of social and spatial contexts in dialogue with subjective processes in a critical way, reaffirming its social commitment and the right to the city.

RESUMEN Este trabajo buscó investigar las relaciones de un grupo de jóvenes que viven en regiones periféricas de una ciudad del interior de Minas Gerais con los espacios del hogar y de la ciudad, a partir de los significados y experiencias en esos ambientes, en diálogo con el referencial teórico del Psicodrama. Las metodologías utilizadas fueron: relato de experiencia de un sociodrama realizado antes de la pandemia de la Covid-19 y, posteriormente, entrevistas semiestructuradas analizadas mediante Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos. La ocupación de los espacios comunitarios de forma creativa, la ampliación de las relaciones solidarias en lo barrio, la plaza como espacio de diversidad y también de represión fueron los resultados encontrados. El psicodrama puede contribuir como una herramienta significativa para el análisis de los contextos sociales y espaciales en diálogo con los procesos subjetivos de una manera crítica, reafirmando su compromiso social y el derecho a la ciudad.

Identificación de barreras en la práctica deportiva del colectivo trans / Identificação de barreiras na prática do esporte pela comunidade transgênero / Identification of barriers in sport practice by the transgender comunity

Resumen Desde la perspectiva de género, la heteronormatividad en el deporte genera desigualdades que afectan a las minorías sexuales como el colectivo trans. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar barreras generadoras de discriminación y exclusión durante la práctica deportiva en personas transgénero. Los participantes de este estudio son cuatro personas trans, mayores de edad y con experiencia en la práctica deportiva. Se ha utilizado como técnica de investigación una entrevista en profundidad diseñada para esta investigación. Tras realizar el correspondiente análisis de contenidos, son cuatro las categorías identificadas como barreras por los participantes del estudio. Como principal conclusión, se ha establecido la necesidad de investigar y recopilar datos de este colectivo para ahondar en el conocimiento de su problemática y para generar información y formación disponible dirigida a los agentes socioeducativos que configuran la organización y desarrollo del deporte.

Resumo Do ponto de vista de gênero, a heteronormatividade no esporte gera desigualdades que afetam as minorias como o coletivo trans. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar as barreiras que criam a discriminação e exclusão de pessoas transgênero durante as atividades esportivas. Os participantes deste estudo são quatro pessoas trans, maiores de idade e com experiências na prática esportiva. Foi utilizada como técnica de investigação uma entrevista desenhada para esta pesquisa. Realizada a análise dos conteúdos correspondentes, foram identificadas quatro categorias como barreiras pelos participantes do estudo. Como conclusão principal, foi estabelecida a necessidade de investigar e coletar dados desse coletivo para aprofundar o conhecimento, sua problemática e gerar informação e formação disponível dirigida para os agentes socioeducativos que configuram na organização e desenvolvimento do esporte.

Abstract From a gender perspective, heteronormativity in sport generates inequalities that affect sexual minorities such as the trans group. The aim of this paper is to identify barriers that generate discrimination and exclusion during the sport practice for transgender people. The participants of this study are four transgender people, who are adults and have experience in sports practice. An in-depth interview designed for this research has been used as a research technique. After carrying out the corresponding content analysis, there are four categories identified by the study participants as barriers. As a main conclusion, the need to investigate and collect data regarding this group has been established to delve into the knowledge of their problems, as well as to generate information and available training aimed at the socio-educational agents that make up the organization and development of sport.

Quantitation of certolizumab pegol by validated liquid chromatography methods

Abstract Certolizumab pegol (CZP) is a Fab' fragment of the humanized antibody with anti-TNF-α activity that is indicated as therapy for Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Using a BioSep-SEC-S3000 column (300 x 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm particle size), a size exclusion liquid chromatography (SEC) method was developed. Mobile phase A consisted of 100 mM monobasic sodium phosphate and 200 mM sodium chloride (pH 7.0), while mobile phase B was ethanol (95:5, v/v), and the analysis was performed using a diode array detector (DAD) set to 214 nm and a flow rate of 0.5 ml min-1. In addition, a reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) method based on gradient elution was developed on a Zorbax 300 SB C18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm i.d., 3.5 µm particle size) kept at 80 °C. Mobile phase A was 0.1% (v/v) TFA in ultrapure water, and mobile phase B was a mixture of propanol, acetonitrile, ultrapure water and TFA (70 + 20 + 9.9 + 0.1, v/v) operated at a flow rate of 1.0 ml min-1, and DAD was applied at 214 nm. CZP elution was achieved with retention times of 5.6 min and 9.0 min for SEC and RP-LC, respectively.

¿A quiénes se cuenta? Narrativas sobre las métricas en salud de la población migrante venezolana en una zona de frontera en Colombia / Quem é contado? Narrativas sobre a métrica da saúde da população migrante venezuelana numa zona fronteiriça na Colômbia / Who counts? The health metric narratives of venezuelan migrants on the Colombian border

Resumen Colombia ha sido un país receptor de la migración venezolana originada por la situación sociopolítica del país vecino. Una de las necesidades para dar respuesta a esta crisis es la recolección de datos que permitan visibilizar y monitorear las condiciones de salud de esta población. A partir de un estudio cualitativo centrado en entrevistas y observación etnográfica, el artículo se orienta a caracterizar las variadas dinámicas de inclusión y de exclusión que forman parte de la producción de datos en salud de la población migrante en Cúcuta, un territorio de la frontera colombo-venezolana. A partir de las narrativas de diversos actores que, en el territorio, trabajan directamente en la recolección, el análisis y el uso de datos de salud de la población migrante, el articulo problematiza la construcción de la categoría migrante dentro de las métricas, develando aquello que se visibiliza y aquello que se ignora en el proceso sociotécnico que está detrás de la construcción de estos datos.

Resumo A Colômbia tem sido um país receptor da migração venezuelana devido à situação sociopolítica do país vizinho. Uma das necessidades para responder a esta crise é a coleta de dados que permitam visualizar e monitorizar as condições de saúde desta população. Com base num estudo qualitativo centrado em entrevistas e observação etnográfica, o artigo centra-se na caracterização das diferentes dinâmicas de inclusão e exclusão que fazem parte da produção de dados de saúde sobre a população migrante em Cúcuta, um território fronteiriço colombiano-venezuelano. Com base nas narrativas de vários atores que trabalham diretamente a nível territorial na coleta, análise e utilização de dados de saúde sobre a população migrante, o artigo problematiza a construção da categoria de "migrante" dentro da métrica, revelando o que é visível e o que é ignorado no processo sociotécnico por trás da construção destes dados.

Abstract Colombia has been a destination country of Venezuelan migration originated by the socio-political situation of the neighboring country. One of the needs to respond to this crisis is the collection of data to make visible and monitor the health conditions of this population. Based on a qualitative study centered on interviews and ethnographic observation, the article focuses on characterizing the different inclusion and exclusion dynamics in the production of health data of the migrant population in Cúcuta, a Colombian-Venezuelan border territory. Based on the narratives of various actors who work directly at the territorial level in the collection, analysis and use of health data of the migrant population, the article problematizes the construction of the category of "migrant" within the metrics, revealing what is visible and what is ignored in the socio-technical process behind the construction of these data.

Quantification of complete viral particles in inactivated avian influenza virus antigen by high performance size exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering / 生物工程学报

We developed a method for accurate quantification of the intact virus particles in inactivated avian influenza virus feedstocks. To address the problem of impurities interference in the detection of inactivated avian influenza virus feedstocks by direct high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), we firstly investigated polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and ion exchange chromatography (IEC) for H5N8 antigen purification. Under the optimized conditions, the removal rate of impurity was 86.87% in IEC using DEAE FF, and the viral hemagglutination recovery was 100%. HPSEC was used to analyze the pretreated samples. The peak of 8.5-10.0 min, which was the characteristic adsorption of intact virus, was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and dynamic light scattering. It was almost free of impurities and the particle size was uniform with an average particle size of 127.7 nm. After adding antibody to the IEC pretreated samples for HPSEC detection, the characteristic peak disappeared, indicating that IEC pretreatment effectively removed the impurities. By coupling HPSEC with multi-angle laser scattering technique (MALLS), the amount of intact virus particles in the sample could be accurately quantified with a good linear relationship between the number of virus particles and the chromatographic peak area (R2=0.997). The established IEC pretreatment-HPSEC-MALLS assay was applied to accurate detection of the number of intact virus particles in viral feedstocks of different subtypes (H7N9), different batches and different concentrations, all with good applicability and reproducibility, Relative standard deviation < 5%, n=3.

Analysis of confidential unit exclusion status of voluntary blood donors in Hefei / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the status of confidential unit exclusion(CUE) status among voluntary blood donors in Hefei, so as to provide scientific basis for blood safety. 【Methods】 From 2012 to 2021, 57 out of the 1 158 272 voluntary blood donors in Anhui Blood Center, who requested CUE, were analyzed for population characteristics and their motives in asking for CUE. 【Results】 There were 57(0.004 9%) voluntary blood donors asking for CUE after donation, including 42 males (73.69%) and 15 females (26.32%). All the blood samples were negative in transfusion-transmitted viral marker testing except one positive in syphilis (TP) antibody. The reasons for CUE were as follows: high-risk behaviors (including multiple sexual partners, male-to-male homosexual behaviors, intravenous drug use, etc.) in 23 cases (40.35%), diseases unsuitable for blood donation in 7 cases (12.28%), and other reasons in 14 cases (24.56%). 【Conclusion】 Effective consultation before blood donation is particularly important to ensure blood safety and avoid the waste of blood.

Reversing the PAI-1-induced fibrotic immune exclusion of solid tumor by multivalent CXCR4 antagonistic nano-permeator

Fibrosis is one of the key factors that lead to the immune exclusion of solid tumors. Although degradation of fiber is a promising strategy, its application was still bottlenecked by the side effects of causing metastasis, resulting in the failure of immunotherapy. Here, we developed an antimetastatic polymer (HPA) for the delivery of chemo-drug and antifibrotic siPAI-1 to form the nano-permeator. Nano-permeator shrank after protonation and deeply penetrated into the tumor core to down-regulate the expression of PAI-1 for antifibrosis, and further promoted the sustained infiltration and activation of T cells for killing tumor cells. Moreover, metastasis after fiber elimination was prevented by multivalent CXCR4 antagonistic HPA to reduce the attraction of CXCL12 secreted by distant organs. The administration of stroma-alleviated immunotherapy increased the infiltration of CD8+ T cells to 52.5% in tumor tissues, inhibiting nearly 90% metastasis by HPA in distant organs. The nano-permeator reveals the mechanism and correlation between antifibrosis and antimetastasis and was believed to be the optimizing immunotherapy for solid fibrotic tumors.

Mitral Surgery for Severe Mitral Annular Calcification: Calcium Resection or Exclusion Procedure / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

Background: Extensive calcification of the mitral annulus (MAC) represents a problem for mitral surgery due to a technical difficulty for implanting prosthetic valves, because the calcium does not allow placing direct sutures through the annulus and para-prosthetic leakage or cardiac rupture may result. We describe our experience with mitral valve surgery with or without decalcification of the annulus. Methods: Since 2005, we performed mitral valve operations in 1,327 patients and among them, severe mitral annular calcification was present in 25 (1.9%). Results: The mean age was 75±9 years and there were 6 men and 19 women, with hemodialysis in 4. Mitral valve replacement (MVR) was performed in all patients. A concomitant operation was aortic valve replacement in 19 and coronary artery bypass grafting in 4 patients. The MAC was resected in 14 (Group-R) and was excluded in 11 (Group-E). In-hospital mortality was four patients in Group-R. The cause of death was congestive heart failure in two, cerebellar infarction in one, and respiratory failure in one. Postoperative morbidity included one patient with reexploration and one with prolonged respiratory failure The aortic cross clamp time was a mean of 180±44 min (range 108∼266 min) in Group-R and 139±32 min (range 61∼186 min) in Group-E (p=0.009). The size of the prosthetic mitral valve was 24.3±1.0 mm in Group-R and 24.6±0.8 mm in Group-E (p=0.618). The postoperative echocardiography showed no abnormal mean pressure gradient of mitral valve prosthesis nor para-valvular leak in any patients in either group. Conclusions: The mitral valve replacement without annular decalcification in a severely calcified mitral annulus is a safe and an effective approach in an elderly patient.

Optimization and verification of size exclusion chromatography-high performance liquid chromatography for determination of recombinant human growth hormone-Fc immunofusion protein polymer / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To optimize and verify the size exclusion chromatography-high performance liquid chromatography(SEC-HPLC) method for the determination of recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)-Fc immunofusion protein polymer.Methods The multimer content of rhGH-Fc immunofusion protein was detected by SEC-HPLC.The detection conditions(salt concentration,mobile phase pH,flow rate,column temperature and column model) were optimized to observe the separation effect of the target proteins and polymers.The system suitability,specificity,linearity and range,precision,accuracy and limit of quantification of the method were verified.Results The optimized method was to use TSK-gel G2000SW_(x1)column(5 μm,7.8 mm × 300 mm),mobile phase of 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer(pH 6.80),detection wavelength of280 nm,injection volume of 100 μL,flow rate of 0.6 mL/min and column temperature of 45 ℃.The resolution of rhGHFc immunofusion protein and polymer,the theoretical plate number and the tailing factor all met the requirements;the peak time of rhGH-Fc immunofusion protein was the same as that of the control,while the peak time of GH national standard was different from that of the control,and the protein buffer showed no peak;the concentration of rhGH-Fc immunofusion protein was in the range of 0.307～1.842 mg/mL with good linear correlation between the peak area integral value and the injection volume(R~2=0.999 4);the RSD of peak area and purity in repeatability verification were 0.7% and 0.1%,respectively;the RSD of intermediate precision verification was 0.8%;the average recovery rate of accuracy verification was 99.1% with the RSD of 1.9%;the limit of quantification was 6 μg/mL.Conclusion The optimized SEC-HPLC method was used to detect the content of polymer in rhGH-Fc immunofusion protein with improved accuracy,and the column efficiency and separation were in accordance with the relevant requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(Volume Ⅳ,2020edition),which could be used for the detection of polymer content in samples.

Application progress of high performance liquid chromatography in detection of hemagglutinin content in influenza vaccine / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#At present,the most commonly used method for detecting hemagglutinin(HA)content in influenza vaccines is still single-radial immunodiffusion(SRID). However,the preparation of standards required by this method takes a long time,usually 2 ～ 3 months. Therefore,how to quantitatively analyze HA accurately has always been a difficult problem in the detection of HA content in the situation that reference products can not be obtained at the early stage of the pandemic influenza. High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)has its own characteristics of rapidity,high sensitivity,good repeatability and high accuracy,which can rapidly determine HA content by using different separation principles and has been widely used in the detection of HA content in influenza vaccine. This paper reviewed the research progress of the application of HPLC in the determination of HA content in influenza vaccine.

Development and validation of size exclusion column-high performance liquid chromatography for purity determination of bulk material of freeze-dried rabies vaccine for human use / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To develop and validate size exclusion column-high performance liquid chromatography(SEC-HPLC)for determination of the purity of bulk material of freeze-dried rabies vaccine for human use.Methods Chromatography column TSK-gel G6000PW_(XL)(7.8 mm × 30 cm,13 μm)was used for the determination(column temperature 30 ℃)with mobile phase of 0.1 mol/L PB buffer(pH 7.8)at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min.The detection wavelength was 280 nm and injection volume was 20 μL.The method was validated for system suitability,specificity,precision and durability and determined for detection limit and quantitation limit,which was applied to analyze bulk material purity of freeze-dried rabies vaccine for human use of 3 batches of Vero cells and 1 batch of human diploid cells.Results The resolution of target protein spectrum peak of bulk material of reference sample and freeze-dried rabies vaccine for human use prepared with two substrates was more than 1.5 with a tailing factor less than 1.5;The blank solvent showed no absorption peak at the position of target protein peak with no interference in the determination;The RSDs of retention time and peak area in precision verification were both less than 2.0%;The quantitative limit was 10 μg/mL,and the detection limit was 4 μg/mL;The reference sample was injected three times continuously at three different detection wavelengths of 278,280 and 282 nm,and the RSDs of retention time and peak area were also less than 2.0%.The purity of 4 batches of freeze-dried rabies vaccine bulk material for human use was all more than 97%.Conclusion The developed SEC-HPLC for determination of the purity of freeze-dried rabies vaccine bulk material for human use showed good specificity,precision and durability,which provided a reliable method for the quality control of human rabies vaccine.

El componente interpersonal de la condición personal: entre las actitudes de reconocimiento y la inclusión de las personas con discapacidades

Propósito/Contexto. Discutir el componente interpersonal de la condición personal, evidenciando cómo las actitudes de reconocimiento determinan la inclusión de las personas con discapacidad. Metodología/Enfoque. Se realizó un análisis teórico sobre el componente interpersonal de la persona humana, a partir del argumento de la inclusión de los individuos con discapacidad y su relevancia para la total participación ciudadana. La investigación se encuadra en el paradigma interpretativo con carácter cualitativo, empleándose como técnica el análisis de documentos considerados fuentes primarias. Asimismo, se asumió el enfoque teórico de Paul Ricoeur respecto a las formas del reconocimiento humano y de las tres formas básicas del reconocimiento interpersonal propuestas por Axel Honneth. Resultados/Hallazgos. La dimensión interpersonal fundamenta nuestra existencia como comunidad humana. Las formas básicas del reconocimiento son recíprocas y, por tanto, no unidireccionales y coinciden con ser respetados, amados y valorados por nuestra contribución a la comunidad. Vivir con personas que no tienen actitudes de reconocimiento hacia uno es una realidad con la cual están familiarizadas las personas con discapacidad. Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. Para ser plena la inclusión de las personas con discapacidad, además de considerar la modalidad de participación institucional y técnica, se debe tener en cuenta la dimensión interpersonal.

Purpose/Background. Discuss the interpersonal component of the personal condition, showing how recognition attitudes determine the social inclusion of people with disabilities. Methodology/Approach. A theoretical analysis was carried out on the interpersonal component of the human person, based on the argument of the inclusion of people with disabilities and its relevance for full citizen participation. The research is framed in the interpretive paradigm, with a qualitative nature, using as a technique the analysis of documents considered primary sources. Likewise, the theoretical approach of Paul Ricoeur regarding the forms of human recognition and the three basic forms of interpersonal recognition proposed by Axel Honneth were assumed. Results/Findings. The interpersonal dimension is an important foundation of existence as a human community. The basic forms of recognition are reciprocal and, therefore, not unidirectional and coincide with being respected, loved, and valued for our contribution to the community. Living with people who do not have attitudes of recognition towards you is a reality with which people with disabilities are familiar. Discussion/Conclusions/Contributions. To fully include people with disabilities, in addition to considering the modality of institutional and technical participation, it must consider the interpersonal dimension.

Finalidade/Contexto. Discutir a componente interpessoal do estatuto pessoal, mostrando como as atitudes de reconhecimento determinam a inclusão de pessoas com deficiência. Metodologia/Aproximação. Foi realizada uma análise teórica da componente interpessoal da pessoa humana, com base no argumento da inclusão de indivíduos com deficiência e da sua relevância para a plena participação dos cidadãos. A investigação está enquadrada no paradigma interpretativo de carácter qualitativo, utilizando como técnica a análise de documentos considerados como fontes primárias. Do mesmo modo, a abordagem teórica de Paul Ricoeur às formas de reconhecimento humano e as três formas básicas de reconhecimento interpessoal propostas por Axel Honneth foram assumidas. Resultados/Descobertas. A dimensão interpessoal está na base da nossa existência como comunidade humana. As formas básicas de reconhecimento são recíprocas e portanto não unidireccionais e coincidem com serem respeitadas, amadas e valorizadas pela nossa contribuição para a comunidade. Viver com pessoas que não têm atitudes de reconhecimento em relação a uma é uma realidade com a qual as pessoas com deficiência estão familiarizadas. Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições. Para ser plenamente inclusiva das pessoas com deficiência, para além de considerar o modo institucional e técnico de participação, a dimensão interpessoal deve ser tida em conta.

Corpo feminino e sexualidade: gordura, feiura e exclusão social / Female body and sexuality: fatness, ugliness and social exclusion / Corps féminin et sexualité: graisse, laideur et exclusion sociale

O presente artigo busca investigar o lugar do corpo na atualidade, uma vez que ele nunca é totalmente apreendido pelos dispositivos culturais que possibilitem sua submissão completa às expectativas sociais. Neste sentido, é legítimo afirmar haver certa dificuldade epistêmica, no que tange às disputas de narrativas em torno do corpo gordo. Culturalmente legitimado, observamos um discurso dominante que sugere a responsabilização do sujeito por sua condição corporal. De modo análogo, a criminalização da gordura aumenta quando a sobrepomos à questão de gênero, conforme ilustrarão algumas vinhetas; fruto de entrevistas realizadas anteriormente pela autora, na pesquisa que desenvolve sobre corpo feminino, imagem, sofrimento psíquico e regulação social. A "feiura" ou o "estranho", muitas vezes poderão ser tomados como uma mensagem, cuja força reside, justamente, na sua surpreendente apresentação. Neste sentido, as práticas corporais podem ser compreendidas em um cenário de indiferenciação, na estetização da vida cotidiana, de sujeição ao discurso do outro, mas também, como uma contestação, como problematização do estatuto do corpo na contemporaneidade.

This article seeks to investigate the place of the body nowadays, since it is never fully apprehended by cultural devices that allow its complete submission to social expectations. In this sense, it is legitimate to affirm that there is some epistemic difficulty, regarding the disputes of narratives around the fat body. Culturally legitimized, we observe a dominant discourse that suggests the responsibility of the subject for body condition. Similarly, the criminalization of fat increases when we overwrite it the issue of gender, as some vignettes will illustrate; the result of interviews previously conducted by the author, in the research she develops on the female body, image, psychic suffering and social regulation. The "ugliness" or the "strange" can often be taken as a message, whose strength lies precisely in its surprising presentation. In this sense, body practices can be understood in a scenario of indifferentiation, in the instantiation of everyday life, of subjection to the discourse of the other, but also, as a contestation, as a problematization of the body's status in contemporaneity.

Cet article cherche à étudier la place du corps de nos jours, car il n'est jamais complètement appréhendé par des dispositifs culturels qui permettent sa soumission complète aux attentes sociales. En ce sens, il est légitime d'affirmer qu'il existe une certaine difficulté épistémique, en ce qui concerne les disputes de récits autour du corps gras. Culturellement légitimé, nous observons un discours dominant qui suggère la responsabilité du sujet pour son état corporel. De même, la criminalisation des graisses augmente lorsque nous écrasons la question du genre, comme certaines vignettes l'illustreront; le résultat d'entretiens précédemment menés par l'auteure, dans la recherche qu'elle développe sur le corps féminin, l'image, la souffrance psychique et la régulation sociale. La «laideur¼ ou l'«étrange¼ peut souvent être prise comme un message, dont la force réside précisément dans sa présentation surprenante. En ce sens, les pratiques corporelles peuvent être comprises dans un scénario d'indifférenciation, dans l'estantiation de la vie quotidienne, de soumission au discours de l'autre, mais aussi, comme contestation, comme problématisation du statut du corps dans la contemporanéité.