RESUMO
La osteonecrosis de la mandíbula asociada a bisfosfonatos (BRONJ) es una afección progresiva que aún no tiene consenso sobre su tratamiento ideal. La terapia con plasma rico en fibrina (PRF) ha demostrado ser efectiva en BRONJ. El presente caso relata el tratamiento de un paciente masculino de 76 años que asistió quejándose de dolor en la boca durante 8 meses. Su historial médico reportó metástasis de mieloma múltiple y uso de bisfosfonatos, que había dejado de tomar tres meses antes. En la mandíbula posterior izquierda, la evaluación clínica intraoral presentó supuración y exposición ósea de aproximadamente 4 cm; en la radio-grafía panorámica se identificó una imagen radiotransparente y desorganización de trabéculas óseas; en la tomografía computarizada fue evidente cierta destrucción de la cortical lingual y bucal, que sugirió secuestro óseo. El diagnóstico fue osteonecrosis asociada a bisfosfonatos. El tratamiento consistió en extraer el hueso necrótico y llenar el defecto con PRF obtenido de la sangre del paciente. Se consiguió el cierre completo de la herida. Después de 2 meses, el paciente volvió a quejarse de dolor, una radiografía panorámica mostró una línea radiolúcida de discontinuidad, sugestiva de fractura mandibular en la zona tratada previamente. Se realizó una segunda cirugía con acceso extraoral ya que la mucosa oral se encontraba completamente sana. Se extrajo el hueso necrótico y se colocaron placas de titanio. Después de 3 meses de seguimiento, hubo signos de consolidación ósea y ausencia de dolor; el paciente pudo comer adecuadamente y su calidad de vida mejoró.
Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a progressive condition that still has no consen-sus about its ideal treatment. Fibrin-rich plasma (FRP) therapy shows effectiveness on BRONJ's treatment by clinicians. A 76-year-old male patient attended for our evaluation complaining of pain in his mouth for 8 months. The medical history showed multiple myeloma metastasis and the use of bisphosphonate (BP) for metastasis control. On intraoral clinical evaluation, suppuration and exposed bone was evident on posterior left mandible measuring approximately 4 centimeters. On panoramic radiograph, we observed a radiolucent image and an area of osseous trabeculae disorganization on left mandible. Computed Tomography (CT) image showed some destruction of lingual and buccal cortical, suggestive of bone sequestration. The treatment was to remove all necrotic bone and fill the defect with FRP from the patient's own blood. Sutures were placed to provide wound primary closure and after 2 months without evidence of exposed bone, the patient came complaining with pain again. After a panoramic radiograph, it was clearly observed a radiolucent image with an image of a jaw dis-continuity line, suggestive of mandible fracture in the same side treated before. New surgery was performed and as the intraoral mucosa was perfectly healthy, an extraoral access was made. All the necrotic bone was removed and titanium plates were placed. After 3 months following up, there were signs of bone consolidation and no pain complaint by patient. The patient was able to eating properly and had his quality of life improved.
A osteonecrose da mandíbula associada aos bisfosfonatos (BRONJ) é uma condição progressiva que ainda não tem consenso sobre seu tratamento ideal. A terapia de Plasma Rico em Fibrina (PRF) tem demostrado ser eficaz no BRONJ. O presente caso relata o tratamento de um paciente do sexo masculino, 76 anos, que se apresentou com manifestação de dor na boca por 8 meses. Seu histórico médico relatou metástase de mieloma múltiplo e uso de bisfosfonatos, que ele havia parado de tomar três meses antes. Na mandíbula pos-terior esquerda, a avaliação clínica intraoral apresentou supuração e exposição óssea de aproximadamente 4 cm; na radiografia panorâmica, foi identificada uma imagem radiolúcida e desorganização das trabéculas ósseas; Na tomografia computadorizada, foi evidente alguma destruição do córtex lingual e bucal, o que su-geria sequestro ósseo. O diagnóstico foi oseonecrose associada a bisfosfonatos. O tratamento consistiu na extração do osso necrótico e preenchimento do defeito com PRF obtido do sangue do paciente. Foi alcança-do o fechamento completo da lesão. No entanto, após 2 meses, o paciente apresentou novamente dor, uma radiografia panorâmica mostrou uma linha radiolúcida de descontinuidade, sugestiva de fratura mandibular na área previamente tratada. Uma segunda cirurgia foi realizada com acesso extra-oral, pois a mucosa oral estava completamente saudável. O osso necrótico foi removido e as placas de titânio foram colocadas. Após 3 meses de acompanhamento, houve sinais de consolidação óssea e ausência de dor; o paciente que pode-ria comer adequadamente e sua qualidade de vida melhorou.
Assuntos
Osteonecrose , Cirurgia Bucal , Difosfonatos , Titânio , Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas , Ácido ZoledrônicoRESUMO
Background and Objectives: Chronic non-healing ulcer (CNHU) develops due to infections, trauma or underlying any medical and surgical conditions. Ulcer that have failed to response all available mode of treatment for long duration are more likely to develop gangrene and infection prone to limb amputation. This is a major public health problem. None of the conventional treatments are anticipated to stimulate active wound healing. The objectives of this study is to test the efficacy of topically applied autologous platelet derived growth factors and fibrin rich plasma in active repair of chronic non healing ulcer. Methods: Patients having one or more ulcers who have been receiving conventional treatment for their at least for more than 6 months duration but showed no evidence of healing till date were included in this study. Total of 30 skin ulcers were registered, of which 15 patients did not return for follow up. Rest 15 patients were included as the study group. All ulcers were treated with autologous platelet derived growth factors and fibrin rich plasma enriched antibiotic ointment. We observed that 73.33% ulcers were complete healed & rest ulcers had signs of improvement. Results: The study group showed complete healing in 73.33% ulcers and average 80% improvement observed in each ulcer, after applying autologous platelet derived growth factors and fibrin rich plasma. Significant ulcer healing was observed in patients who were less than 40 years of age, had no history of addiction for any toxic substance, and had ulcer size less than 30 sq cm. Ulcer healing rate was also found to be higher in cases whose duration of ulcer was within one year and those who did not have any history of systemic diseases. Conclusion: This study clearly shows the efficacy of topically applied autologous platelet derived growth factors and fibrin rich plasma in management of chronic non-healing ulcer.