Efeito vascular e central do carvacrol na hipertensão e na inibição do apetite por sódio em ratos / Vascular and central effects of carvacrol on hypertension and inhibition of sodium appetite in rats

INTRODUÇÃO: A hipertensão arterial tem sido considerada como sendo a principal causa da redução da qualidade e expectativa de vida dos indivíduos por ser importante fator de risco para doenças que envolvem a aterosclerose e a trombose com consequente acometimento cardíaco, cerebral, renal e vascular. Estudos têm demonstrado a ação dos monoterpenos em diferentes atividades farmacológicas, entre elas sobre o sistema cardiovascular. Foi observado que o carvacrol, um monoterpeno característico da família Labiateae, apresenta ação hipotensora em ratos Wistar anestesiados tratados previamente com L-NAME e em ratos não anestesiados. OBJETIVOS: a) avaliar a ação periférica do carvacrol na pressão arterial e na frequência cardíaca em animais com hipertensão arterial vascular; b) avaliar a ação periférica do carvacrol na pressão arterial e na frequência cardíaca em ratos com hipertensão renovascular; c) avaliar a ação periférica do carvacrol sobre a pressão arterial e a frequência cardíaca em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos; d) avaliar a ação central do carvacrol sobre a pressão arterial e a frequência cardíaca em animais espontaneamente hipertensos; e) avaliar a ação central do carvacrol no apetite por sódio em animais espontaneamente hipertensos. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados ratos Wistar (200-250g)...

INTRODUCTION: Hypertension has been regarded as the primary cause of the reduction of the quality and life expectancy of individuals for being important factor ate risk for diseases that involve the atherosclerosis and thrombosis with consequent cardiac involvement, cerebral, renal and vascular. Studies have demonstrated the action of monoterpenes in different pharmacological activities, among them on the cardiovascular system. It was observed that the carvacrol, a characteristic of the monoterpene Labiateae family, presents hypotensive action in anesthetized Wistar rats pretreated with L-NAME and not anesthetized rats. AIM: a) evaluate the peripheral action of carvacrol on blood pressure and heart rate in animals with vascular arterial hypertension; b) evaluate the peripheral action of carvacrol on blood pressure and heart rate in rats with renovascular hypertension; c) evaluate the peripheral action of carvacrol on blood pressure and heart rate in animals spontaneously hypertensive; d) evaluate the central action of carvacrol on blood pressure and heart rate in animals spontaneously hypertensive; e) evaluate the action of carvacrol in central appetite for sodium in spontaneosuly hypertensive. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Were used Wistar rats (200-250g)...

Effect of Antenatal Steroid on fluid Balance and Clinical Outcome in Bery Low Birth Weight Infants Rceiving REstricted Fluid Regimen / 대한주산의학회잡지

PURPOSE: Antenatal steroid(ANS) therapy in premature infants is an effective therapeutic strategy in reducing the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, and patent ductus arteriosus. For premature infants to gain improved survival, adequate weight loss during early postnatal days and maintenance of electrolyte balance is important, however, it is uncertain that ANS affect them. We hypothesized that ANS augment fluid and electrolyte balance and dinical outcome of very low birth weight(VLBW) who had received restricted fluid regimen. METHODS: Mechanically ventilated VLBW infants who survived over 30 days were selected. We reviewed medical records to compare weight loss, urine output, electrolyte concentration, blood pressure during five days of life and clinical outcome between premature infants who received ANS(n=15) and who were not(n=58). RESULTS: Gestational age, birth weight were similar between two groups. Volume of administered fluid, urine output, and initial weight loss during first five days of life were similar, however, weight loss on postnatal day five were lower in study group than control group(p=.039). Blood pressure, serum sodium concentration, serum potassium concentration, and urine specific gravity were similar between two groups. Incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was lower in study group(20%) than control group(48%)(p=.041), however, incidence of sepsis were greater in study group(33%) than control group(7%)(p=.029). CONDUSION: ANS did not affect fluid and electrolyte balance of very low birth weight(VLBW) infants who had received restricted fluid regimen. ANS decreased the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome in this population, however, increased the incidence of sepsis.