ß -glucan from saccharomyces cereviseae in skim yogurt production / ß-Glucana de Saccharomyces cereviseae na produção de iogurte desnatado

The demand for functional foods has increased in recent years, following a market trend in which the consumer values foods associated with health improvements. Skim milk yogurts were produced with yeast ß-glucan (YBG, 0.5 and 1.0 %) isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and compared with full fat (FFY) and skim milk (SMY) yogurt as controls. The samples were analyzed for physical, chemical, color,syneresis, culture starter count, textural, microstructure and sensory attributes. Yeast ß-glucan was not able to retain the serum of yogurts during cold storage. Skim yogurt firmness increased with the addition of 0.5% yeast ß-glucan, presenting a more compact microstructure. Yogurts containing yeast ß-glucan had low scores by the untrained panelists in the sensorial analysis (0.5% YBG overall acceptance 5.2, FFY 6.8, SY 6.3) and low purchase intention. Thus, although similar characteristics were observed, low scores in the sensorial analysis and purchase intention were a barrier to commercializing skim milk yogurt with yeast ß-glucan developed in the present study

A demanda por produtos funcionais tem aumentado recentemente, seguindo um padrão no qual os consumidores valorizam os alimentos que são associados a melhoria da saúde. Iogurte desnatado foi produzido com ß-glucana extraída de Saccharomyces cerevisiae e comparado com iogurte integral e iogurte desnatado. O iogurte desnatado contendo ß-glucana não reteve soro durante a estocagem refrigerada. A firmeza do produto aumentou com a adição de 0,5% de ß-glucana e sua microestrutura foi mais compacta. Iogurtes contendo ß-glucana apresentaram menor escore na análise sensorial. Assim, embora características semelhantes tenham sido observadas, os baixos escores da análise sensorial são uma barreira para a comercialização de iogurte desnatado contendo ß-glucana produzido no presente estudo

Research progress on physalis pubescens / 中草药

Physalis pubescens is used as both food and medicine over 1 200 years. From the phytochemical view, the second metabolites such as flavonoids, sterols, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, fatty acid and so on have been reported from this species. And this plant shows the activities of antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, diuresis, immunosuppressive and so on in the recent studies. This paper reviews the researches on the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of this plant in recent 30 years, by which the prospect of development and utilization of P. pubescens could be prospected. It provides the reference for the further rational development and comprehensive utilization of the resources of P. pubescens.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DIET AND THE GROWTH OF INFANTS DURING THE WEANING PERIOD (6-18 MONTHS) / 营养学报

The growth curves and diet of 185 babies in rural area near Beijing from 6 months to 18 months old have been studied. Infants were divided into 3 groups according to their diet taken:(1) 89 babies had breast milk only;(2) 66 babies took more than 250g animal milk per day besides breast milk;(3) 30 babies who did not have breast milk and only animal milk was taken. All the babies were gradually transferred to an ordinary cereal based diet during the weaning period. To half of them a soybean and cereal based formula fortified with minerals and vitamins was supplied, which would provide 6.6g protein and 141 kcal and some other nutrients per day.The results showed that the growth curves of body weight and height of children were much better than the data obtained in 1975, but still lagged behind that of the urban children, especially for the body weight. The weight curves of the babies who took animal milk seemed higher than the other groups. Female babies who were fed with breast milk and supplemented with the weaning food have a better weight and height curves than non-supplemented ones, but this was not seen in males. The hemoglobin contents of the babies who took animal milk when they were 18 months old were lower than that of the 6 months old, but there were no differences in the breast milk groups, and the lowering of the hemoglobin level in the animal milk groups could be corrected by adding weaning food in the diet. When the babies were 6 months old, 39.3% of them had a hair zinc content below the lower limit of the normal range, and it became to 47.6% when they were 18 months old. So zinc deficiency of the babies were present in this local area, and it should be fortified into the weaning food.