Percepción del tiempo biográfico en la cuarta edad: un estudio de casos / Perception of biographical time in the fourth age: cases study

Debido a que la vida humana transita sobre un eje temporal irreversible, el paso del tiempo, nos enfrenta a la idea de finitud. A medida que las personas envejecen se modifica tanto la percepción del tiempo como la idea de muerte propia. Con el objetivo de indagar los cambios relativos a la propia temporalidad, el presente estudio analiza trayectorias biográficas de personas de la cuarta edad. El análisis se aborda a partir de tres ejes: proyectos vitales, organización de la vida cotidiana y cambios corporales. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo exploratorio a partir de 23 entrevistas biográficas que conformaron una muestra intencional integrada por personas autoválidas, nacidas entre los años 1917 y 1932, pertenecientes a distintos niveles socioeconómicos y residentes en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Los resultados sugieren que, para las personas de cuarta edad, la perspectiva temporal es acotada. Se evidencia un descentramiento del sí mismo y una preocupación por la trascendencia y la continuidad (simbólica y biológica) ambas ligadas a la abuelidad.

Since human life passes through an irreversible time axis, the passage of time makes us face with the idea of finiteness. As people age there is a change in their time perception and in the idea of their own death. With the aim of studying the changes related to their own temporality, this study analyses biographical trajectories of people in the fourth age. The analysis is based on three pillars: vital projects, organization of everyday life and bodily changes. An exploratory qualitative study was carried out based on 23 biographical interviews that constituted an intentional sample of self-validated persons, born between 1917 and 1932, from different socio-economic status and residing in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Results suggest that for people in their fourth age, time perception is narrow. There is a decentering of oneself and a concern about transcendence and continuity (symbolic and biological) both related to grandparantage.

Nonagenários Criadores / The creative artistry of artists in their 90s

O tema do presente estudo aborda a criação artística praticada por idosos não profissionais que alcançaram e ultrapassaram os noventa anos de vida. Idosos nonagenários, em virtude apenas da idade avançada que possuem, de forma geral, são questionados em relação a sua lucidez e capacidade produtiva. Este estudo pretende mostrar os benefícios obtidos através da prática de atividades artísticas e como elas proporcionam aos idosos a possibilidade de atuarem mais ativamente no próprio ambiente social, além de ser um elemento que os auxilia a lidar com questões reflexivas que povoam o imaginário e a realidade daqueles que vivenciam o período da velhice. Os sujeitos entrevistados resistiram à visão social delegada ao idoso, especialmente aqueles que atingiram a quarta idade, que se inicia a partir dos oitenta anos. Para a reflexão destes sujeitos e o significado de suas produções foi necessário investigar o que representa ser idoso na sociedade atual, a natureza da produção artística, e o exercício da criação. O contato direto com os entrevistados e suas obras proporcionaram um ingresso parcial no universo desses indivíduos, de suas subjetividades e da forma particular que encontraram para lidar com as realidades da vivência cotidiana, suas visões de mundo e perspectivas de vida...

This study talks about the creative artistic creation by non professional elder artists who reached 90 years old. This article examines the artistic production of amateur older citizens who have reached and gone beyond their 90th year. Those elders, only due to their advanced age, are generally put aside in reason of doubts about their lucidity and capacity of production. Due to advanced age, this group is often put aside, as less sound of mind and less productive than their younger peers. Thus, it is possible to affirm that the interviewed persons of this job resisted to the social conception of oldness, especially those who are years old. This article thus concludes that the interviewed subjects were resilient to being labeled “too old”. For the reflection of these persons and their work it was necessary to investigate the meaning of being old in the society of nowadays, the nature of the artistic production and the exercise of creation. As a reflective tool for the subjects and their artistic production, it was necessary to investigate the meaning of being old in today’s society, the nature of artistic production, and the process of artistic creation. The direct contact with the interviewed elderly and their work afforded to enter in their universe, their subjectiviness and the particular way they find to deal with the reality of oldness. The direct contact with these people and their work allowed the author to enter their subjective universe and the particular way they deal with the concept of old age. This study proposes to show the individuality of well successful oldness based on creative activities. This article’s proposition is to demonstrate the individualization of successful older people based on their artistic production...

Principales cauaas de morbilidad en una poblacin de adultos mayores: area de ssalud de capdevila / The main morbidity causes in the 60 year-old population

Se realiza un estudio descriptivo, transversal que incluyó a pacientes adultos mayores, pertenecientes al área de salud del Policlínico Federico Capdevila en el municipio Boyeros, Grupo Básico de Trabajo (GBT 2). El objetivo de la investi-gación es caracterizar la población de 60 años y más, atendida por este Grupo y determinar las principales causas de morbilidad en esta población. Se aplicó una encuesta al efecto; a los 452 (15.6%) pacientes incluidos en el estudio previa su aceptación, se estudiaron las variables edad, sexo, principales causas de mor-bilidad; se procesaron los datos y se realizaron los análisis estadísticos correspon-dientes con un nivel de significación p<0.05. Se agrupa mayor número de adultos mayores pertenecientes a la tercera edad (60-74 años), con 345 ancianos (76.3%); seguido del grupo de la cuarta edad (75-89 años) 107 pacientes, (23.7%). En cuanto al sexo, predomina el femenino con 229 pacientes (50.7%). Al analizar el estado de salud de los adultos mayores, predominaron los enfermos, 360 pacientes, (79.6%). Las afecciones cardiovasculares fueron las que afectaron a la mayor proporción de pacientes, con 73 de 360 (16,1%) para una tasa de morbilidad específica de 160.0 por 1 000 habitantes, seguidas por las del sistema Osteomioarticular, con 68 (15%) para una tasa de morbilidad 149.4 por 1 000 habitantes y las del aparato respiratorio con 66 pacientes (14,6%) para una tasa de morbilidad especifica de 145.0 por 1 000 habitantes.

A descriptive, cross study is carried out that includes adult patients belonging to the area of health of the policlinic Federico Capdevila in the municipality Boyeros, GBT2. The objective of the investigation is to characterize the 60 year-old population and more attended for this working Basic Group and to determine the main morbidity causes in this population. A survey was applied to the effect, to 452 (15.6 %) patients included in the study previous acceptance of the same ones; variables that were studied : age, sex, main morbidity causes, the data were processed and the corresponding statistical analyses were carried out, with a level of significance p <0.05.The groups larger number of adults belonging to the third age (60-74 years), with 345 old men (76.3%), followed by the group of the fourth age (75-89 years) 107 patients, (23.7%) as for the sex the feminine one prevails with 229 patients (50.7%). When analyzing the state of the older adults' health the ill persons prevailed, 360 patients (79.6%). The cardiovascular affections were those that affected to the larger proportion of patient, with 73 of 360 (16,1%), to specific morbidity rate: 160.0, continued by those of the bones and articulations system , with 68 (15%) to specific morbidity rate of 149.4 and those of the respiratory system with 66 patients (14,6%) to specific morbidity rate of 145.0.