Efeitos do treinamento de força com intensidade autosselecionada em paciente pós cirurgia bariátrica: um estudo de caso / Strenght training with self-selected intensity on a pacient post bariatric surgery

A prescrição de exercícios físicos em intensidades moderada e alta, para indivíduos obesos, pode induzir maiores percepções de desconforto/desprazer e, consequentemente, desencorajá-los a aderir a uma rotina de exercícios físicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os efeitos de um programa de treinamento de força com intensidade autosselecionada, na composição corporal, hipertrofia e qualidade do sono de uma voluntária recémsubmetida a cirurgia bariátrica (idade: 28 anos; altura: 158cm; peso: 69 kg; índice de massa corporal: 27,64). A voluntária realizou um programa de treinamento de força com intensidade autosselecionada, pelo período de oito semanas (2 sessões semanais). Foi avaliada a qualidade de sono, por meio do questionário Pittsburgh sleep quality index; a composição corporal, por absorciometria de feixe duplo; e, a espessura muscular e do tecido adiposo, por ultrassonografia; antes e após a intervenção. Antes e após as sessões de treinamento, a percepção de prazer/desprazer foi mensurada com o auxílio de uma escala de valência afetiva. O programa de exercícios com intensidade autosselecionada resultou em uma diminuição de 2% no percentual de gordura, e de 7% na massa corporal total; sem modificação para a massa livre de gordura. Houve redução de 22% na espessura do tecido adiposo, e de 11% na espessura muscular do bíceps braquial; de 28% na espessura do tecido adiposo, e de 4% na espessura muscular do vasto lateral. A voluntária reportou percepção de prazer/desprazer positiva na maioria das sessões. No entanto, não houve diferença significativa entre os resultados para qualidade de sono. O treinamento com intensidade autosselecionada promoveu respostas positivas, relacionadas à percepção de prazer/desprazer, além de favorecer uma tendência à perda significativa de massa corporal total, sem prejuízos para a massa magra.(AU)

The prescription of physical exercise in moderate and high intensities for obese individuals may induce greater perceptions of discomfort/displeasure, consequently, decline adherence to a physical exercise routine. The objective of this study was investigate the effects of a strength training program with self-selected intensity, body composition, hypertrophy and sleep quality of a participant recently bariatric surgery (age: 28 years; height: 158cm; weight: 69 kg; body mass index: 27.64). The participant performed a strength training program with self-selection intensity, for a period of eight weeks (2 weekly sessions). Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire; body composition, by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, muscle and adipose tissue thickness by ultrasound. Each measure was before and after the intervention. Before and after the training sessions, the perception of pleasure/displeasure was measured with the affective valence scale. The exercise program with self-selected intensity resulted in a 2% decrease in fat percentage, and 7% in total body mass; without modification to the fat-free mass. Yet, there was a reduction of 22% in the thickness of adipose tissue, and 11% in the muscle thickness of the brachial biceps; 28% in the thickness of adipose tissue, and 4% in the muscle thickness of the vastus lateralis. The participant reported a perception of positive pleasure in most sessions. However, there was no significant difference between the results for sleep quality. The training with self-selected intensity promoted positive responses, related to the perception of pleasure/displeasure, besides promote a tendency to significant loss of total body mass, without damage to lean mass. (AU)

Reason and prevention of decreased free fat mass after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass / 中华消化外科杂志

With the increase of obese people around the world,the complications associated with obesity are endangering human health,it has became an important factor affecting the quality of life and increasing social and economic burdens.Rouxen-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is an effective surgical tool for the treatment of obesity and metabolic-related complications,meanwhile,it can also improve or cure the obesity-related metabolic diseases with reducing the body mass of patients.Free fat mass (FFM) is the main component of the human body and plays an important role in metabolic surgery for the prevention of bone loss,control of weight and alleviation of insulin resistance and so on.The loss of body mass is one of the manifestations of the changes in body composition and distribution after RYGB,and its performance is common after metabolic surgery.This article will summary the findings and investigate the reason of decreased FFM after RYGB and the preventive strategy for different reasons,and it will also provide to the principle of individualized management of patients and guide the clinical practice.

Parámetros de composición corporal en pacientes VIH mediante el análisis de la biompedancia eléctrica

Se han descrito cambios en la composición corporal en pacientes VIH mediante el análisis de la bioimpedancia eléctrica (ABE). Hay pocos estudios que describan estos cambios en la composición corporal en pacientes VIH en Venezuela. Objetivo: Conocer cuáles son las características de la composición corporal de los pacientes VIH (Hospitalizados y Ambulatorios), período enero - agosto 2015. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo - transversal. Tres grupos: Hospitalizados: pacVIH-h (n=22), Ambulatorio: pacVIH-a (n=47) y No VIH: Control (n=28). Se registraron género, peso, talla y LCD4+. Mediante ABE se obtuvo: Masa grasa (MG), Tejido adiposo abdominal (TAA), Agua corporal total (ACT), Agua intracelular (AIC), Agua extracelular (AEC), Masa celular corporal (MCC), Masa libre de grasa (MLG), Potasio corporal total (KCT), Ángulo de Fase (AF). Resultados: Peso, IMC, LCD4+ fue menor en pacVIH-h. La MG y TAA fue menor en grupos de pacientes VIH con respecto al Control. No hubo diferencias en Agua Corporal. MMC fue menor en pacVIH-a. AF fue menor en pacVIH. Una correlación significativa entre MG y TAA, y LCD4+. Conclusión: Este estudio ha permitido exponer y reconocer los aspectos relacionados con los cambios en la composición corporal que ocurren en el paciente VIH adulto. La relación entre el compartimento graso y CD4+ permitiría explorar el papel del tejido adiposo en la reconstitución inmune.

Body composition in HIV patients have been assessed previously using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Lack of studies that describes changes in body composition in Venezuelan HIV patients. Objective: To assess body composition characteristic of HIV patients (hospitalized, ambulatory) , period January-August 2015. Methods: Descriptive-transversal study. Three groups: hospitalized: HIV-h (n=22), ambulatory: HIV-a (n=47) and Control (n=28). Gender, weight, height, CD4+ were measured. By BIA: Fat Mass (FM), Abdominal Adipose Tissue (AAT), Total body water (TBW), Intracellular water (ICW), Extracellular water (ECW), Body cell mass (BCM),Free Fat Mass (FFM), Total body potassium (TBK), Phase angle (PA). Results: Weight, BMI, CD4+ were lower in HIV-h. FM and AAT were lower in HIV patients. Water compartment showed no differences. BCM were lower in HIV-a. PA was lower in HIV patients. Significant relationship between FM, ATT and CD4+ was found. Conclusions: This study let us expose and recognize body composition changes that occur in HIV patients. Relationship between FAT, AAT and CD4+ can let us explore the possible role of adipose tissue in immune reconstitution.