RESUMO
A total of 298577 children aged<18 years old in Fukuaka in Japan were screened for thyroid cancer after less than 3 years after nuclear accident. 110 children were diagnosed as thyroid cancer by fine needle aspiration cytology ( FNAC) and 87 cases received thyroid operation. The prevalence of thyroid cancer was 36. 8 / 100000 in population of<18 year old and 120 / 100000 at age of 16-18 years old. The 5th international expert symposium in Fukushima on radiation and health concluded that the high prevalence of thyroid cancer was not related with nuclear accident but to the screening. According to the findings, Willimas propsed a hypothesis: thyroid cancer in adults might originate from childhood. They had three stages for initiation and development of thyroid cancer: initial mutation stage, constraint growth stage, and non-constraint growth stage. The growth of thyroid cancer were stopped in the constraint stage, which was thyroid microcarcinoma.
RESUMO
A total of 298577 children aged<18 years old in Fukuaka in Japan were screened for thyroid cancer after less than 3 years after nuclear accident. 110 children were diagnosed as thyroid cancer by fine needle aspiration cytology ( FNAC) and 87 cases received thyroid operation. The prevalence of thyroid cancer was 36. 8 / 100000 in population of<18 year old and 120 / 100000 at age of 16-18 years old. The 5th international expert symposium in Fukushima on radiation and health concluded that the high prevalence of thyroid cancer was not related with nuclear accident but to the screening. According to the findings, Willimas propsed a hypothesis: thyroid cancer in adults might originate from childhood. They had three stages for initiation and development of thyroid cancer: initial mutation stage, constraint growth stage, and non-constraint growth stage. The growth of thyroid cancer were stopped in the constraint stage, which was thyroid microcarcinoma.
RESUMO
[Objective] We analyzed the transition and state of Japanese 141 colleges, schools and training centers for anma-massage-shiatsu, acupuncture and moxibustion therapists in 2004.<BR>[Methods] We collected a basic data from Japanese 141 colleges, schools and training centers and several sources : a list published by the foundation for the Training and Licensure Examination in Anma-Massage-Shiatsu, Acupuncture and Moxibustion, an investigation of the state of Japanese schools for the visually impaired students, the 10th Anniversary report of Oriental Medicine Colleges Association and school guides of each school. We considered and analysed this basic data.<BR>[Result] Data was collected from 141 different sources : 5 universities and colleges, 61 schools for the visually impaired students, 66 vocational colleges and 9 training centers for the visually impaired students. Most of the schools and training centers for the visually impaired students are public. All colleges for the non-visually impaired students are private. We analysed and verified 3 periods in the history of these institutions of 141 colleges, schools and a training centers. The 1 st period concerns the establishment of schools for the visually impaired students the early 1900's. The 2nd period is concerns the establishment of older vocational colleges after World War II in the 50's. And the 3 rd period is a sudden increase of new vocational colleges following the 1998 Fukuoka district court judgement.<BR>[Conclusion] We analyzed the changes and the situations regarding 141 Japanese colleges, schools and training centers for anma-massage-shiatsu, acupuncture, moxibustion therapists from their foundation to the present. The rapid increase of vocational colleges for acupuncture and moxibustion represents a phenomenon we have never experienced. With this condition, acupuncture and moxibustion markets must expand. In the future Japanese anma-massage-shiatsu, acupuncture and moxibustion education should be researched and hopefully we will benefit from this new situation.