Determinantes de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral en adultos mayores de un centro diurno costarricense: Resultados de un estudio piloto / Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Determinants in the Elderly from a Costa Rican Day Center: Findings of a Pilot Study

Resumen: El cambio de la distribución demográfica en Costa Rica establece a las personas adultas mayores (PAM) como una prioridad de salud pública. La salud oral es un indicador multidimensional, que incluye dimensiones biológicas, sociales y psicológicas. En este campo de investigación, además de utilizar las medidas de morbi-mortalidad, se ha dado una importancia a distintos indicadores que pretenden aproximar otras dimensiones subjetivas. Dentro de estas, la calidad de vida toma cada vez más importancia. Este estudio pretende identificar los principales determinantes de la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud Oral (CVRSO) en PAM de un centro diurno del cantón de Desamparados en San José, Costa Rica. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal de tipo observacional realizado entre 2018 y 2019. La CVRSO, se midió a través del instrumento GOHAI (General/Geriatric Oral Health Assesment Index). Como variables independientes se incluyeron las sociodemográficas, socioeconómicas, de morbilidad, comportamientos de salud y consumo de medicamentos. Se realizaron análisis bivariados con las pruebas no paramétricas de Wilcoxon, Kruskall-Wallis y Spearman, utilizando el paquete estadístico STATA 14. Este estudio revela que existen diferencias de promedio al comparar la CVRSO y los determinantes demográficos, socioeconómicos, de morbilidad, toma de medicamentos y comportamientos de salud. Los mayores de 80 años, las mujeres, aquellos con niveles superiores de escolaridad, de ingresos altos, sin edentulismo, con niveles bajos de xerostomía, sin enfermedades, que no toman medicamentos, que no fuman, hacen deporte, que no meriendan y que consumen moderadamente azúcares, son aquellos que reportan una mejor CVRSO comparados a sus contrapartes.

Abstract: The change in the demographic distribution of Costa Rica establishes the elderly as a public health priority. Oral health is a multidimensional indicator, which includes biological, social, and psychological dimensions. Besides using measures of morbidity and mortality, different indicators seek to approximate other subjective dimensions. There is an increasing interest in analyzing the role of quality of life on health. This study aims to identify the main determinants of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQL) in the elderly attending a day center in the city of Desamparados (San José, Costa Rica). This is a descriptive cross-sectional study ran between 2018 and 2019. OHRQL was measured via the General / Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). As independent variables, sociodemographic, socioeconomic, morbidity, health behaviors, and drug consumption were included. Bivariate analyzes were performed using the Wilcoxon, Kruskall-Wallis, and Spearman non-parametric tests, using STATA 14. This study revealed differences in GOHAI scores according to demographic, socioeconomic, morbidity, medication, and health behaviors. Those over 80 years old, women, with higher levels of education, high income, without edentulism, with low levels of xerostomia, people without diseases, who do not take medication, who do not smoke, play sports, do not snack and who consume moderately sugars, are those that report a better OHRQL compared to their counterparts.

Association between high psychological distress and poor oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) in Japanese community-dwelling people: the Nagasaki Islands Study

BACKGROUND@#We investigated the association between psychological distress and oral health status/oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) in Japanese community-dwelling people.@*METHODS@#We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Nagasaki Islands Study. A total of 1183 (455 men and 728 women) has been analyzed in this study. Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). Oral health status was measured by dental examination. The OHQoL was measured using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). We defined the total score of ≥5 points on the K6 as high psychological distress (high-K6 group).@*RESULTS@#The multiple linear regression analysis to identify the GOHAI showed that gender, K6, the total number of teeth, the number of dental caries, and visiting a dental clinic within the past 6 months significantly associated with the GOHAI. Among all of these variables, high-K6 (≥ 5) was a substantial contributing factor of the GOHAI (β = - 0.23, 95% Cl - 2.31 to -1.41, p < 0.0001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#It is likely that the individual with high psychological distress was strongly related to poor OHQoL even in the general population.

Comparison of two oral health-related quality-of-life measures in elderly patients: the influence of missing teeth, and socio demographic factors / Comparação entre dois instrumentos de avaliação de qualidade de vida em pacientes idosos: a influência da perda de dentes e fatores sociodemográficos

Objective: The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP14) and the Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) have never been compared to a group of the same subjects in the Brazilian population. The aim of the study was to compare the OHIP-14 and GOHAI measures. Material and Methods: 129 independently living people over the age of 60 were included in the study. The GOHAI and OHIP-14 measures were used. Other variables were included: age, gender, education, number of missing teeth, annual household income and frequency of dentist visits. Results: The mean age of respondents was 65 years. The internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha) showed a high internal consistency for both measures. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the GOHAI and OHIP-14 scores was 0.73. Using the additive method of creating scores, none of the respondents had the GOHAI score of zero, indicating no impact from oral conditions, while 9.3% of them had an OHIP-14 score of zero. Dental status, age, gendler and frequency of dental visit were significantly associated with the results ofthe GOHAI and the OHIP-14 (Kruskal­Wallis test, Mann­Whitney U test). Conclusions: There was a strong correlation between the GOHAI and the OHIP14. Both instruments demonstrated good discriminant properties and helped capture the respondents' oral health problems. (AU)

Objetivo: O Perfil de Impacto na Saúde Oral-14 (OHIP14) e o Índice Geral de Avaliação de Saúde Oral em Geriatria (GOHAI) nunca foram comparados a um grupo dos mesmos sujeitos na população brasileira. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar as medidas OHIP-14 e GOHAI. Material e Métodos: 129 pessoas independentes com idade superior a 60 anos foram incluídas no estudo. Foram utilizadas as medidas GOHAI e OHIP-14. Outras variáveis foram incluídas: idade, sexo, escolaridade, número de dentes ausentes, renda familiar anual e frequência de visitas ao dentista. Resultados: a média de idade dos entrevistados foi de 65 anos. A confiabilidade interna (alfa de Cronbach) mostrou uma alta consistência interna para ambas as medidas. O coeficiente de correlação de Spearman entre os escores GOHAI e OHIP-14 foi de 0,73. Utilizando o método aditivo de criação de escores, nenhum dos entrevistados obteve pontuação zero no GOHAI, indicando nenhum impacto das condições bucais, enquanto 9,3% deles tiveram pontuação zero no OHIP-14. O estado dentário, a idade, o sexo e a frequência da visita foram significativamente associados aos resultados do GOHAI e do OHIP-14 (teste de Kruskal-Wallis, teste de Mann-Whitney U). Conclusões: Houve uma forte correlação entre o GOHAI e o OHIP-14. Ambos os instrumentos demonstraram boas propriedades discriminantes e ajudaram a capturar os problemas de saúde bucal dos entrevistados. (AU)

Oral Status And Its Association With Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life In Community-Dwelling Older Adults

@#Poor oral conditions among older adults can cause significant impacts to their overall quality of life. Older adults with reduced number of functional teeth and dental diseases may experience difficulty in daily activities like chewing and eating. The aim of this study is to assess the association between oral health and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among a group of community-dwelling older adults in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 436 older adults aged 50 years and above from 20 randomly selected villages in the state. Respondents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to collect information on their demographic characteristics. Clinical oral examination was carried out to determine the oral health conditions of older people. The validated Malay version of Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was used to measure OHRQoL. Total GOHAI score ranged from 12 to 60 with higher scores indicate better OHRQoL. Majority (77.1%) of the older adults had less than 20 teeth and about 18.3% were edentulous (total tooth loss). All dentate respondents had experienced dental caries. The median GOHAI score was 54.5 (IQR 50-57). About 25.5% of the older adults perceived their oral health as good, while 74.5% had poor perception on oral health. Bivariate analysis showed that less than 20 teeth and high dental caries experience were significantly associated with poor OHRQoL. A significantly higher proportion of older adults with less than 20 teeth limit the kinds of food intake, had trouble biting or chewing, and experienced tooth sensitivity. The physical functioning and well-being of the older people may be disrupted due to oral diseases. Measures of OHRQoL are important as to complement the clinical oral findings in identifying treatment needs of the geriatric patients.

Oral Status and its Association with Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Poor oral conditions among older adults can cause significant impacts to their overall quality of life. Older adults with reduced number of functional teeth and dental diseases may experience difficulty in daily activities like chewing and eating. The aim of this study is to assess the association between oral health and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among a group of community-dwelling older adults in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 436 older adults aged 50 years and above from 20 randomly selected villages in the state. Respondents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to collect information on their demographic characteristics. Clinical oral examination was carried out to determine the oral health conditions of older people. The validated Malay version of Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was used to measure OHRQoL. Total GOHAI score ranged from 12 to 60 with higher scores indicate better OHRQoL. Majority (77.1%) of the older adults had less than 20 teeth and about 18.3% were edentulous (total tooth loss). All dentate respondents had experienced dental caries. The median GOHAI score was 54.5 (IQR 50-57). About 25.5% of the older adults perceived their oral health as good, while 74.5% had poor perception on oral health. Bivariate analysis showed that less than 20 teeth and high dental caries experience were significantly associated with poor OHRQoL. A significantly higher proportion of older adults with less than 20 teeth limit the kinds of food intake, had trouble biting or chewing, and experienced tooth sensitivity. The physical functioning and well-being of the older people may be disrupted due to oral diseases. Measures of OHRQoL are important as to complement the clinical oral findings in identifying treatment needs of the geriatric patients.

Oral health-related quality of life in patients with implant treatment

PURPOSE: Patient-reported outcomes are increasingly commonly used as a method of evaluating treatments. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate implant treatment from the perspective of patient-reported outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects were 804 patients who visited the Department of Oral Implantology at Osaka Dental University. The participants were categorized into a pre-implant group and a post-implant group. They were further categorized into five subgroups based on the number of occlusal supports provided by the remaining teeth according to the Eichner classification. The participants answered a basic questionnaire and the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire, an oral health-related quality of life (QOL) scale. GOHAI scores were compared according to the number of occlusal supports within each group and between the two groups. RESULTS: The results revealed a significant difference in terms of the number of occlusal supports within the pre-implant group; GOHAI scores decreased as the number of occlusal supports decreased (P .05). GOHAI scores significantly improved in both pre- and post-implant groups in all occlusal support subgroups (P < .001). CONCLUSION: GOHAI scores decrease as occlusal support is lost. However, implant treatment performed in areas of loss improves the GOHAI score when occlusal support is restored.

Intervención educativa sobre salud bucal en el Club de Adulto Mayor Unidos por la Salud / Educational Intervention on Oral Health in Members of the Club Adulto Mayor Unidos por la Salud

Introducción: los pacientes arriban a la vejez con deficiente información higiénico-sanitaria-bucal, asociada a la probabilidad de que desarrollen enfermedades bucales. Es necesario incrementar las acciones encaminadas a la promoción de salud en estas edades. Objetivos: modificar nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucodental a los ancianos y valorar la autopercepción psicosocial del anciano con respecto a la necesidad de atención estomatológica según el Índice de Valoración de Salud Oral en Geriatría (GOHAI). Métodos: el universo de trabajo estuvo conformado por los pacientes pertenecientes al Club del Adulto Mayor Unidos por la Salud del municipio Carirubana, Estado Falcón, Venezuela, durante el período noviembre 2014 a enero 2015. Se realizó un estudio de intervención con diseño de antes y después. El universo estuvo conformado por 24 pacientes, se utilizó una planilla de recolección de datos y una entrevista estructurada, además se aplicaron cinco técnicas afectivas participativas (TAP). Resultados: se identificaron los principales factores de riesgo, predominó la dieta cariogénica (66,66%), según GOHAI el 70,83% de los gerontes tenían necesidad de atención. Se evaluaron los conocimientos antes de la aplicación de las TAP, predominó resultado inadecuado (66,66%) y después de la intervención se logró el 83,33% de resultado adecuado, el grupo de edad más fue el de 60-69, el sexo femenino y la secundaria dentro del nivel de escolaridad. Conclusiones: se logró modificar el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal a la mayoría de los ancianos. Según el comportamiento del GOHAI más de la mitad de los ancianos requerían atención estomatológica.

Introduction: older people become in elderly adult without enough knowledge of oral health to prevent thee oral diseases. It’s necessary to work about this. Objective: to modify the level of knowledge on oral health of the elderly members of the Club Adulto mayor unidos por la salud and to assess the psychosocial self-perception of the elderly about the need of dental care taking into account the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Methods: an intervention study was performed from November 2014 to January 2015, with a before and after design. The universe of study was formed by 24 patients who were members of the Club Adulto Mayor Unidos por la Salud del municipio Carirubana in Falcón state, Venezuela. Data collection template and a structured interview were used; five participatory educational techniques were applied. Results: the results showed a predominance of cariogenic diet (66.66%). According to the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) 70.83% of the people need some stomatology care. The knowledge before applying the technique was evaluated with an inadequate result predominating 66.66% and after the intervention a proper result was achieved (83.33%), the predominant average age was about 60-69 with female sex as well as, the secondary school educational level. Conclusions: the level of knowledge on oral health was modified in almost all elderly adults. More than the half of the people needed stomatology care.

Assessment of validity and reliability of Hindi version of geriatric oral health assessment index (GOHAI) in Indian population.

Objective: The objective of this study was to translate the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) into the Hindi language and assess its validity and reliability for use among people in India. Materials and Methods: GOHAI was translated into the Hindi language and self-administered to 420 subjects aged 55 years or above. The measures for reliability, and concurrent, convergent, and discriminant validity were assessed. The questionnaire sought information about sociodemographic details, habits related to tobacco, dental visits, tooth brushing, and self-reported perceptions of general and oral health. Results: Cronbach's alpha (0.774) showed high internal consistency and homogeneity between items. Low GOHAI scores were associated with the perceptions of poor oral and general health, low satisfaction with oral health, and a perceived need for dental care. Respondents with high socioeconomic status were likely to have high GOHAI scores. Conclusion: The Hindi version of the GOHAI demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability, and will be an important instrument to measure oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) for people in this region.

Relationship between gender, income and education and self-perceived oral health among elderly Mexicans. An exploratory study / Relação entre gênero, renda e educação com a autopercepão da saúde bucal em idosos mexicanos. Um estudo exploratório

The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between sociodemographic factors and self-perceived oral health (SPOH) among the elderly. A cross-sectional, exploratory examination of 150 elderly subjects whose ages ranged from 60-86 was conducted. These subjects used the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) to assess their SPOH. In addition, sociodemographic data were collected from study participants. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test, the examination of odds ratio (OR) of logistic regression analysis, the chi-square test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index for the study participants was 20.1 ± 5.8; 21.3% of subjects were edentulous, and 69.3% of subjects wore removable dentures. 62.7% of study participants had poor SPOH (defined as GOHAI score <44). Poor SPOH was significantly more frequent among males (OR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.03-7.13, p < 0.05), low-income individuals (OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.3 -5.8, p < 0.01), and subjects with less education (OR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.1-4.6, p < 0.05) than among the overall subject population. The findings suggest that gender (male), low income and low educational levels have a significant influence on the self-perceived oral health status of elderly individuals, irrespective of tooth loss.

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a relação entre os fatores sociodemográficos com a autopercepção da saúde bucal (SPOH) em idosos. Realizou-se um estudo transversal exploratório de 150 idosos. Para avaliar a sua percepção da saúde bucal utilizou-se o Geriatric Oral Assesment Index (GOHAI) e também foram coletados dados sociodemográficos. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o teste T Student, a razão de chances (OR) de análise de regressão logística, o teste Chi Quadrado (p < 0.05) e análise de variância ANOVA. A média do índice de dentes cariados, perdidos ou obturados (CPO-D) dos participantes no estudo foi de 20.1 ± 5.8; 21.3% foram edêntulos e 69.3% eram portadores de prótese removível. O 62.7% dos participantes no estudo teve pobre autopercepção da saúde bucal (definida com uma suma de GOHAI < 44), a qual foi significativamente mais frequente nos homens (OR = 2.72, 95% Cl: 1.03-7.13, p < 0.05), com baixa renda (OR = 2.7, 95% Cl: 1.3 - 5.8, p < 0.01), e com menor escolaridade (OR = 2.26, 95% Cl: 1.1-4.6, p <0.05) do que entre a população em geral. Os resultados presentes sugerem que nos idosos a baixa renda e a menor escolaridade têm influência significativa na autopercepção da saúde bucal, independentemente da perda dentária.

Salud Oral en Adultos Mayores Postrados / Oral Health in Homebound Elderly Adults

La población de adultos mayores ha aumentado en los últimos años y se hace imprescindible determinar su estado de salud oral con el objetivo de orientar la atención de salud con base científica epidemiológica para brindarles una mejor calidad de vida. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el estado de la salud oral de los pacientes adultos mayores postrados. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal no probabilístico. Los datos fueron obtenidos del universo de pacientes inscritos en el programa de Atención Domiciliaria del Paciente Postrado de un centro de atención primaria. La tasa de respuesta obtenida fue 90%. El sexo predominante fue femenino; la media de edad fue 80 años; 60,9% sólo tuvo acceso a la educación primaria. La prevalencia de caries fue 100% y COPD de 25,6. El 40,6% se encontraba completamente edentulo y el 54,7% era portador de prótesis dental. El 32,8% presentaba restos radiculares. El 64,7% era capaz de cepillar sus dientes por sí mismo. El 79,4% consideraba tener una pobre salud oral. El cuidador resultó ser la hija, de aproximadamente 53 años, con nivel educacional bajo. Los adultos mayores son un grupo con gran daño odontológico, con escasos dientes remanentes y deficientes prácticas de higiene oral. Son cuidados por familiares con bajo nivel educacional.

The elderly population is on an increase and it is important for us to know the status of their oral health in order to direct our attention to epidemiological aspects on a scientific basis to provide a better quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the status of oral health of the homebound elderly. A Cross sectional study was conducted using a non-probability sampling method. The data was collected from bedridden patients enrolled in a Patient Home Care in a Primary Care Center. The response rate obtained was 90%. The majority of patients were female; their average age was 80. Only 60.9% of those surveyed had access to primary education. The prevalence of caries was 100% and the DMFT index was 25.6; 40.6% were edentulous and 54.7% had dentures. The 32.8% had root fragments; 82.8% were able to brush their teeth by themselves. 79.4% were observed to have poor oral health. In almost all cases, the caretaker was a daughter around 53 years of age, with low education level. The group surveyed had significant dental damage, had only a few remaining teeth and observed poor oral hygiene practices. Their care was also almost exclusively in the hands of family members who had a low education level.

Comportamiento del Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) y Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) en una población de adultos mayores de la Ciudad de México / Behavior of the Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) in a senior adult population in Mexico City

Objetivo: Determinar el comportamiento del Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index y Oral Impacts on Daily Performances como medidas de efecto de la salud bucodental relacionada con la calidad de vida en adultos mayores en una misma población. Métodos: Muestra representativa de adultos mayores derechohabientes del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social del suroeste de la Ciudad de México. Se realizaron entrevistas domiciliarias para conocer las características de la muestra y aplicación de los instrumentos Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index y Oral Impacts on Daily Performances. Evaluación clínica para determinar la experiencia de caries coronal y caries radicular. Resultados: Un total de 531 sujetos de 60 años y más participaron, 68.4% mujeres. La media (desviación estándar) de edad fue de 71.4 (7.0) años. El Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index presentó una media de 46.8 (6.2), y 4.1 (12.4) para el Oral Impacts on Daily Performances. La escolaridad mayor de seis años, no presentar limitaciones, con deterioro cognitivo y sin depresión, presentaron una media mayor del puntaje del Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index en comparación con los que no presentaban (p < 0.05). La escolaridad mayor de seis años, con una actividad laboral remunerada y sin depresión, presentaron una media menor del puntaje del Oral Impacts on Daily Performances en comparación a los que no presentaban (p < 0.05). Existe una correlación entre el Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index y componentes obturados, dientes funcionales (p < 0.05). Los componentes perdidos, obturados e índice caries coronal, así como coronas sanas y dientes funcionales presentaron una correlación con el Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (p < 0.05). Conclusión: El Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index tuvo mayor discriminación en las características de la población y el Oral Impacts on Daily Performances presentó mayor correlación con el estado de la dentición.

Objective: To determine the behavior of the Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index as well as the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances as effective measures in oral-dental health related to quality of life in senior citizens in a given population. Methods: A representative sample of senior citizens entitled to medical services at the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Mexican Institute of Social Security) located in the southwest region of Mexico City. Home interviews were conducted in order to ascertain the sample's characteristics as well as the application of the Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index and Oral Impacts on Daily Performances instruments. Clinical evaluation in order to determine experience of crown caries (CPO-D) and root caries CO-R). Results: A total of 531 subjects aged 60 years and over participated in the study, of which 68.4% were female. Age average (AA) was 71.4 years (7.0). Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index exhibited a mean of 46.8 (6.2) and Oral Impacts on Daily Performances showed 4.1 (12.4). Subjects included in the sample had attended school for over 6 years, did not present limitations of cognitive deterioration, and were depression-free, exhibited a higher mean in Oral Impacts on Daily Performances score than those which did not present those characteristics (p < 0.05). Six or more years of schooling with paid work and depression-free subjects presented lesser Oral Impacts on Daily Performances scores when compared to those who did not. (p < 0.05) A correlation was found between the Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index and filled components, functional teeth (p > 0.05). Filled and lost components and CPO-D index as well as healthy crowns and functional teeth exhibited a correlation with Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index exhibited higher discrimination in the population's characteristics whereas Oral Impacts on Daily Performances showed higher correlation with the state of the dentition.

Salud bucal y calidad de vida oral del adulto mayor, Hogar de Ancianos “Salvador Aguirre” Tegucigalpa M.D.C, Honduras. II Semestre 2012 / Oral health and quality of life of elderly oral, Nursing Home \"Salvador Aguirre\" Tegucigalpa, Honduras. II Semester 2012

Estudio Cuantitativo, descriptivo de corte transversal. Se encontró que los Procesos Destructivos NO Cariosos, tales como la Atrición, la Abrasión y la Abfracción están representando un verdadero problema, al igual la Migración Dental. No hay mucho porcentaje de alteración en las papilas gustativas y la mayoría no presentan xerostomía. La mayoría de esta población nunca practicó hábitos de comportamiento nocivo o sea que nunca tuvieron contacto con sustancias como el tabaco y el alcohol. La higiene bucal de los adultos mayores es deficiente, denotándose esto en los altos porcentajes de no tener buenas prácticas, las mejores oportunidades ni el mejor acceso a la atención odontológica, convirtiéndose esto en un problema por el orden económico. Los adultos mayores ingresados en este hogar de ancianos en estos momentos están padeciendo más de IRAS tal vez por la estacional de la época, al parecer las demás enfermedades se presentan porcentualmente más estables en su comportamiento. El Índice CPO-D en esta población de adultos mayores es de 26 (CPO – D=26), siendo el componente “Perdido” el que más aporta al índice (17.4 o 66.9%); señalando que el componente “obturado” es de 0.3, o sea que esta población no ha sido favorecida con ninguna intervención odontológica,Estos adultos mayores se encuentran en una Escala de Severidad del CPO-D de “Grave” (CPO-D=26). La Calidad de Vida Oral percibida y obtenida mediante el índice GOHAI, indica un nivel de calidad de vida oral “Bajo” (GOHAI=36)

Associação entre alterações do estado nutricional, perda dentária, uso de prótese e autopercepção das condições bucais de idosos no município de São Paulo: Estudo SABE ( 2000 e 2006) / Association between changes of nutritional status, tooth loss, use of dental prosthesis and self-perceived oral health among elderly people in São Paulo city SABE Survey (2000, 2006)

Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre alterações do estado nutricional, perda dentária, uso de prótese e autopercepção das condições bucais em uma coorte de idosos, segundo sexo e idade. Métodos: Foram analisados idosos (≥ 60 anos), de ambos os sexos, do Estudo SABE: Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento, epidemiológico, de base domiciliar, realizado no município de São Paulo, em 2000 e 2006. As variáveis de estudo foram: alterações no estado nutricional-segundo Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), considerando baixo peso (≤ 23 kg/m²), peso adequado para estatura (> 23 e < 28 kg/m²) e excesso de peso (≥ 28 kg/m²), em 2000 e 2006; perda dentária (< ou ≥ 16 dentes); uso de prótese dentária (sim/não); autopercepção das condições bucais, segundo Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), considerando más condições bucais (GOHAI <50 pontos), regulares (GOHAI de 51 a 56 pontos) e boas (GOHAI de 57 a 60 pontos), sexo e grupos etários (60-74 e ≥ 75 anos), em 2000. Verificou-se a associação por meio do teste de Rao-Scotte da análise de regressão logística multinomial (p<0,05 e IC95%), utilizando o programa estatístico STATA 10.1. Resultados: De 773 idosos analisados, 59,94% eram mulheres e 80,55% do grupo 60 a 74 anos. Identificou-se diminuição da proporção de idosos com excesso de peso (37 para 29%) e aumento daquela com baixo peso (16 para 26%). Verificou-se menor risco para excesso de peso em 2006, aqueles que apresentaram peso adequado, em 2000 e referiram condições bucais regulares [RR = 0,31 (0,14-0,69)], e maior risco para peso adequado em 2006, nos homens, que apresentaram excesso de peso em 2000 [RR = 2,23 (1,09-4,55)]. Conclusão: Constatou-se associação entre alterações do estado nutricional, condições bucais regulares, segundo a autopercepção, e sexo masculino, em 2000 e 2006.

Objective: To investigate the association between changes of nutritional status and tooth loss, use of dental prost hesis and self-perceived oral health among elderly people, by gender and age. Methods: The sample consisted of 773 elderly people (≥ 60 years) community-dwelling, both genders, participants of Health, Well being and Aging Cohort Study (SABE Survey),epidemiological, home-based, from the city of São Paulo, from 2000 to 2006. The variables analyzed were: changes of nutritional status: by body mass index (BMI-kg/m²), considering underweight (≤ 23 kg/m²), appropriate weight for height (> 23 and <28 kg/m²) and overweight ( ≥ 28 kg/m²), to 2000 from 2006; tooth loss (

Autopercepção da condição de saúde bucal em idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados / Self-perception of oral health condition of the institutionalized and non institutionalized elders

Este estudo avaliou a autopercepção das condições de saúde bucal em idosos institucionalizados ou não, por intermédio da aplicação de um exame bucal e um questionário composto por três partes: dados demográficos, saúde geral e o índice GOHAI. A amostra foi de 96 indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais, residentes em Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, dividida em G1 - idosos institucionalizados (n=48) e G2 - idosos não institucionalizados (n=48). Apesar de 84,4 por cento dos idosos acreditarem que sua saúde está excelente ou razoável, a média de dentes presentes foi de 3,9 nos dois grupos, constatando-se uma população predominantemente de edêntulos. Dentre eles, 47,9 por cento usavam prótese total superior e 26 por cento inferior. A média do GOHAI foi de 17,53, qualificando como negativa a saúde bucal, e não houve diferença entre os dois grupos em relação aos aspectos físicos e psicológicos.

This study evaluated the self-perception of oral health condition of institutionalized and non institutionalized elder population using a oral examination and a questionnaire divided in three parts: demographic data, general health and the GOHAI index. A total of 96 individuals above 60 years old living in Fortaleza, Brazil, were interviewed. They were divided in two groups, G1 - institutionalized (n=48) and G2 - non-institutionalized (n=48). The mean age of the study population was 69,8 years (SD 7,5) and 70,8 percent of the interviewed were woman. 62 percent had some type of medical treatment in the last year, and despite the fact that the majority (84.4 percent) of the elders thought that their general health was good or regular, the average number of teeth presented was 3.9 in both groups. Among them, 47.9 percent were using superior prosthesis and 26 percent inferior prosthesis. The GOHAI average was 17.53 qualifying as negative the self-perception of oral health. There was no difference between the two groups regarding physical and psychological aspects.

A cross-sectional study of oral health-related quality of life of Piracicaba's elderly population / Qualidade de vida pela saúde bucal em uma população de idosos do município de Piracicaba: um estudo transversal

Purpose: This paper aimed to assess the self-perceived oral health status in 137 elderly from Piracicaba city, São Paulo state, Brazil, and to investigate the influence of socio-demographic variables, institutionalization status and access to dental care services on the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) index final score. Methods: The sample comprised institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly, from 60 to 92 years old, socially independent or partially dependent, without significant cognitive alterations, with different educational and monthly income levels. An oral examination and two questionnaires were employed as instruments to gather subject characteristics. The first questionnaire included the 12 items of the GOHAI, and the second questionnaire gathered socio-demographic variables. The data were evaluated with a Chi-square test and logistic regression, with p < 0.05 as the significance cut-off. Results: The GOHAI final mean score of 27.49 indicated a low oral health self-perception, and the score was significantly associated with life style and institutionalization. The risk indicators for low oral health self-perception were the demand for urgent dental care and the self-perceived need for dental treatment. These indicators correlated with a lower GOHAI score, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.0001), demonstrating that a low oral health self-perception is directly correlated with a worse oral health clinical status. This information can be useful for planning public health policies. Conclusion: The GOHAI final score in this study was considered low. Self-motivation and self-perception of the need for dental treatment were considered risk indicators for a low final GOHAI score.

Objetivo: Este trabalho objetivou medir a auto-percepção nas condições de saúde bucal de 137 idosos do município de Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil; considerando a influência de variáveis sociodemográficas, situação de institucionalização, e acesso aos serviços de saúde bucal sobre a pontuação final do índice GOHAI. Metodologia: A amostra deste estudo foi composta por idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados, com idade variando de 60 a 92 anos de idade, socialmente independente ou parcialmente dependente, sem alterações cognitivas significantes, com diferentes níveis educacionais e renda mensal. Exame oral e dois questionários foram utilizados para coletar informações necessárias sobre os sujeitos da pesquisa: um primeiro composto pelos 12 itens do índice GOHAI, e um segundo para análise das variáveis sociodemográficas. Os dados foram tratados pelo teste do Qui-Quadrado e Regressão Logística, considerando P<0,05. Resultados: A média final do índice GOHAI foi de 27,49 denotando um baixo nível de auto-percepção, e uma associação estatisticamente significante para as variáveis estilo de vida e institucionalização. Foi considerado fator de risco para baixa auto-percepção da saúde bucal a demanda urgente por assistência odontológica e a necessidade sentida pelo paciente para assistência odontológica, resultando em um baixo índice GOHAI, com diferença estatisticamente significante (P<0,0001), provando que uma baixa auto-percepção da saúde bucal tem correlação direta com uma pior condição clínica de saúde bucal, podendo ser utilizado para planejamento em saúde pública. Conclusão: A pontuação final do índice GOHAI neste estudo é considerada baixa. Auto-motivação e auto-percepção para necessidade de assistência odontológica foram considerados indicadores de risco para uma baixa pontuação do índice GOHAI.

The effects of dental prostheses to the quality of life among the elderly / 대한치과보철학회지

PURPOSE: This study has been conducted in order to examine the oral health status and dental prostheses status, and the effects of dental prostheses to the oral health related quality of life among the elderly using social welfare centers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this purpose, the researcher conducted a questionnaire survey and oral examination of 275 samples of old persons using 7 social welfare centers located in Daejeon metropolitan city. The oral health related quality of life was measured by GOHAI (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index). RESULTS: 1. The less age and the more education and the more subjective economic status and living with spouse of family status, the higher GOHAI showed. 2. Mean age of first using of removable denture is 62.11 years old and average life cycle of removable denture is 10.76years. 57.5% of study subjects use removable denture and complete denture user of study subjects are 13.8%. 3. In the case that they use fixed prostheses rather than removable ones and in the complete denture they use both sides (upper and lower) rather than single side, showed higher GOHAI. 4. In the case that they showed higher degrees of satisfaction with dental prostheses and can use them always and showed no necessity for new dental prostheses and denture adaptation is good, GOHAI showed higher. CONCLUSION: In order to improve oral health related quality of life among the elderly who have many missing teeth, it is required to restore their masticatory ability to the normal level by restoring the missing teeth which has lost its function through providing proper dental prostheses.