RESUMO
Background: In recentyears, there has been an increasing interest in finding a noninvasive method to induce the accelerationofdentalmovement,methodssuchaslowintensityvibrations,pulsedelectromagneticfields,andlow-level laser therapy (LLLT). There have been multiple studies on the efficacy of LLLT in animal models, in vitro and in patients without conclusiveresults. Objective: Evaluate the state of the art on the use of LLLT to increase the rate of the orthodontic tooth movement to create a concise reference guide of the different laser and protocols available. Materials and Methods: The authors searched electronic databases (MedLine, Scopus and Semantic Scholar) for articles that evaluated the effectsoflow-leverlasertherapyontheorthodontictoothmovement.Screeningwasperformedatthetitle/abstract and full-text level. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two reviewers independently. The reference lists of relevant studies were also screened for further relevantliterature. Results: We found conflicting information as to the efficacy of LLLT to accelerate the orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). There is no consensus in the way the irradiation should be performed. Conclusions: The lack of a standardized irradiation protocol makes it hard to compare conflicting results, even in cases where the laser have the same technical specifications.
Antecedentes: En los últimos años, ha habido un interés creciente en encontrar un método no invasivo para inducir la aceleración del movimiento dental, métodos como vibraciones de baja intensidad, campos electromagnéticos pulsados y terapia con láser de bajo nivel(LLLT). Se han realizado múltiples estudios sobre la eficacia de la LLLT en modelos animales, in vitro y en pacientes sin resultados concluyentes. Objetivo: Evaluar el estado del arte en el uso de LLLT para aumentar la velocidad del movimiento dental ortodóncico para crear una guía de referencia concisa de los diferentes láser y protocolos disponibles. Materiales y métodos: Los autores buscaron en bases de datos electrónicas (MedLine, Scopus y Semantic Scholar) artículos que evaluaran los efectos de la terapia con láser de baja intensidad sobre el movimiento dental ortodóncico. La selección se realizó a nivel de título / resumen y texto completo. Dos revisores realizaron de forma independiente la extracción de datos y la evaluación de la calidad. También se examinaron las listas de referencias de estudios relevantes para obtener más literatura significativa. Resultados:EncontramosinformacióncontradictoriaencuantoalaeficaciadelaLLLTparaacelerarel movimiento dental ortodóncico (OTM).No hay consenso sobre la forma en que se debe realizar lairradiación. Conclusiones: La falta de un protocolo de irradiación estandarizado dificulta la comparación de resultados, incluso en los casos en que el láser tiene las mismas especificaciones técnicas.
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Objective To investigate the effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on pho toaging skin after laser pretreatment with GaAlAs.Methods ADSCs were isolated from healthy wistar rats,ADSCs were isolated and cultured to establish an adipose-derived stem cell culture system.ADSCs were pretreated with GaAlAs laser at a wavelength of 650 nm 4 J/cm2.A rat model of pho toaging aging was established.Different doses of ADSCs and low energy laser ADSCs were pretreated with ADSCs for the treatment of photoaging skin,and the morphological changes of epidermis and dermis were observed before and after treatment with low energy laser pretreatment.Results When the concentration of ADSCs was 103/100 μl,there was no significant difference in epidermal thickness and dermal thickness between ADSCs treated group and GaAlAs pretreatment group (P＞0.05).The thickness of epidermis in the GaAlAs pretreatment group was significantly lower than that in the ADSCs group (P＜0.05) at 104/100 μl.When the concentration of ADSCs was 5 × 104/100 μl,the epidermal thickness of the GaAlAs pretreatment group decreased significantly and the thickness of the dermis increased significantly,which was significantly different from that of the ADSCs group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions GaAlAs laser pretreatment can enhance ADSCs anti-skin photoaging ability.
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Objective To explore the mechanism of combined treatment with methotrexate (MTX) and Ga-Al-As laser irradiation for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to assess the effectiveness of Ga-Al-As laser therapy for RA. Methods Twenty-two patients with RA were randomly and evenly divided into two groups: the treatment group treated with Ga-Al-As laser irradiation combined with MTX and the control group treated with MTX only. Ten age-matched normal subjects were observed as normal controls. The amount of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in peripheral blood (PB) of the normal controls and that in the PB and synovial fluid (SF) of the 22 patients before and after therapy were counted by flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the amount of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in synovial fluid of the patients was measured before and after treatment by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results After combined treatment the clinical symptoms of the patients were improved significantly, and the amount of PGE2in SF decreased significantly. The count of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in PB of RA patients was ( 3.84 ±3.20) % , compared to ( 10.05 ± 7.04) % in healthy individuals. The count of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in SF of RA patients was ( 14.89 ± 12.30) % , much higher than that in PB. The count of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in SF decreased significantly in treatment group compared to control group (P ＜0.05). Conclusion Ga-Al-As laser irradiation eombined with MTX can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of RA patients. It may be related to the decrease of amount of PGE2 and count of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cell in PB and SF.
RESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the improvement of the mandibular movements and painful symptoms in individuals with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Forty patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=20): Group 1 received the effective dose (GaAlAs laser ? 830 nm, 40 mW, 5J/cm2) and Group 2 received the placebo application (0 J/cm2), in continuous mode on the affected condyle lateral pole: superior, anterior, posterior, and posterior-inferior, twice a week during 4 weeks. Four evaluations were performed: E1 (before laser application), E2 (right after the last application), E3 (one week after the last application) and E4 (30 days after the last application). The Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant more improvements (p<0.01) in painful symptoms in the treated group than in the placebo group. A significant improvement in the range of mandibular movements was observed when the results were compared between the groups at E4. Laser application can be a supportive therapy in the treatment of TMD, since it resulted in the immediate decrease of painful symptoms and increased range of mandibular movements in the treated group. The same results were not observed in the placebo group.
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da terapia com laser de baixa intensidade na melhora dos movimentos mandibulares e dos sintomas dolorosos em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular (DTM). Quarenta pacientes foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos (n=20): Grupo 1 recebeu a dose efetiva (laser de AsGaAl 830 nm, 40 mW, 5 J/cm2) e Grupo 2 recebeu a aplicação placebo (0 J/cm2), no modo contínuo no pólo lateral do côndilo afetado: superior, anterior, e posterior-posterior e inferior, 2 vezes por semana, por 2 meses. Quatro avaliações foram feitas: A1 (antes da aplicação), A2 (imediatamente após a última aplicação), A3 (uma semana após a última aplicação) e A4 (um mes após a última aplicação). O teste estatístico de Kruskal-Wallis mostrou melhoras significativas (p<0,01) nos sintomas dolorosos no grupo 1, diferentemente do grupo 2. Uma melhora significativa na extensão dos movimentos mandibulares foi observada quando os resultados foram comparados entre os dois grupos na A4. A aplicação do laser é uma terapia de suporte no tratamento da DTM, uma vez que resultou em imediata redução dos sintomas dolorosos e aumento na extensão dos movimentos mandibulares no grupo experimental. Os mesmos resultados não foram observados no grupo placebo.