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1.
Bol. malariol. salud ambient ; 60(2): 124-128, dic.2020. tab.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1510293

RESUMO

Las geohelmintiasis son nematodos que afectan al hombre a través de la ingesta de huevos parasitarios, afectando el estado nutricional antropométrico de la población infantil, motivo por el cual se planteó como objetivo determinar incidencia de las helmintiasis transmitidas por el suelo en el estado nutricional antropométrico de niños de 3 a 6 años en un centro escolar Guayaquil en Ecuador, durante el último semestre del 2018. Se aplicó la metodología descriptiva de corte transversal; donde se incluyeron 92 preescolares de 3 a 6 años. A cada niño(a) se le hizo su estudio antropométrico nutricional, unido a un estudio coprológico realizado a 45 niños. Se obtuvo el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) con el cual se determinó el estado nutricional (IMC/Edad/Sexo), usando los percentiles del Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador. Se revisaron los IMC de los 35 niños que presentaron geohelminiasis quienes evidenciaron una ligera disminución en la ganancia de los valores de las variables antropométricas. Se encontró predominio del sexo femenino (54,35%), la edad fue 3,78 años, peso: 15,21 Kg y talla: 100,23 cm2, el IMC fue 16,62 Kg/cm2, sin diferencias entre el sexo; la especie de mayor ocurrencia fue la Trichuris. trichiura 43,47% (niñas 10/23) y 66,67% (niños 8/12). Se concluye que 29,34% de los preescolares estudiados están malnutridos, presentan geohelmintiasis, por ello es recomendable realizar intervenciones dirigidas a representantes, estudiantes y docentes, para atender paralelamente geohelmintiasis y nutrición para garantizar la calidad de vida(AU)


Geohelminthiasis are nematodes that affect man through the ingestion of parasitic eggs, affecting the anthropometric nutritional status of the infant population, which is why the objective was to determine the incidence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in the anthropometric nutritional status in children aged 3 to 6 years of a school in Ecuador, during the last semester of 2018. A cross-sectional descriptive methodology was applied; where 92 preschoolers from 3 to 6 years old were included. Each child was given his or her nutritional anthropometric study, together with a coprological study of 45 children. There was obtained the Body Mass Index (BMI) with which there decided the nutritional state (BMI / Age / Sex), using the centiles of the Department of Public health of Ecuador. The BMI of the 35 children with geohelminiasis were reviewed and showed a slight decrease in the gain of anthropometric variables. The prevalence of female sex was found (54,35%), the age was 3,78 years, weight: 15,21 Kg and height: 100,23 cm2, the BMI was 16,62 Kg/cm2, with no differences between sex; the species of greatest occurrence was Trichuris trichiura 43,47% (girls 10/23) and 66,67% (boys 8/12). It is concluded that 29.34% of the preschools studied are malnourished, have geohelminthiasis, so it is advisable to make interventions aimed at representatives, students and teachers, to attend parallel geohelminthiasis and nutrition to ensure quality of life(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Helmintíase/epidemiologia , Trichuris , Strongyloides stercoralis , Necator americanus , Ascaris lumbricoides , Equador/epidemiologia , Ancylostoma , Enteropatias Parasitárias/epidemiologia
2.
Bol. malariol. salud ambient ; 60(2): 129-134, dic.2020. tab.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1510392

RESUMO

Las infecciones por parásitos intestinales son de ocurrencia constantes y se encuentran asociadas al incumplimiento de las medidas sanitarias por parte de la población. El objetivo de esa investigación fue establecer la prevalencia de parasitosis intestinal por protozoos y helmintos en trabajadores de la florícola iRose de la provincia de Pichincha-Cantón Pedro Moncayo mediante el examen coproparasitario realizado en el mes de agosto de 2019. Correspondió a un estudio transversal, descriptivo y de tipo observacional. La población estuvo integrada por 88 personas, quienes son trabajadores de la florícola iRose, Provincia de Pichincha, cantón Pedro Moncayo, distribuidos de la siguiente manera: 49 trabajadores del sexo masculino y 39 trabajadores del sexo femenino. La técnica de recolección de datos utilizada fue la encuesta y la observación directa y luego de obtener las muestras biológicas, la detección de parásitos intestinales se realizó mediante el método de coproparasitario en muestras heces. Los resultados evidencian presencia de protozoos en un 92.5% de las muestras estudiadas, mientras que el 7.5% presentan helmintos; mientras que el 40% de los estudios revelan quistes de endolimax nana, detectándose en el 25% de la muestra de los trabajadores de sexo masculino y con una presencia del 15% en los trabajadores del sexo femenino. Por lo que se recomienda realizar el examen coproparasitario al menos dos veces al año y paralelamente fortalecer las estrategias de promoción y prevención(AU)


Infections with intestinal parasites are of constant occurrence and are associated with non-compliance with health measures by the population. The objective of this research was to establish the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis by protozoa and helminths in la workers IRose flower farm of the province of Pichincha-Canton Pedro Moncayo through the coproparasitario examination carried out in august 2019. It corresponded to a cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study. The population was composed of 88 people, who are workers of the floricultural iRose, Province of Pichincha, canton Pedro Moncayo, distributed as follows: 49 male and 39 female workers. The data collection technique used was survey and direct observation and after obtaining biological samples, detection of intestinal parasites was performed using the coproparasitario method in fecal samples. The results showed the presence of protozoa in 92.5% of the samples studied, while 7.5% showed helminths; while 40% of studies reveal endolimax nana cysts, being detected in 25% of the sample of male workers and with a presence of 15% in female workers. Therefore, it is recommended to perform the coproparasitario examination less twice a year and in parallel strengthen strategies promotion and prevention(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hymenolepis nana/parasitologia , Endolimax/parasitologia , Entamoeba histolytica/parasitologia , Retortamonadídeos/parasitologia , Helmintos/parasitologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Infecções por Protozoários/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Equador/epidemiologia , Doenças Negligenciadas/epidemiologia
3.
Rev. Univ. Ind. Santander, Salud ; 47(2): 137-149, Junio 17, 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-752919

RESUMO

Introducción: Las geohelmintiasis son infecciones prevalentes en los países en vía de desarrollo, que afectan principalmente a la población escolar. Las estrategias de control que combinan quimioterapia masiva con educación en salud, pueden producir reducciones significativas de estas infecciones, sostenibles en el tiempo. En este estudio se implementó y evaluó, una intervención integral basada en una estrategia lúdica de educación en salud, más quimioterapia masiva en una zona rural de Colombia. Metodología: Diseño cuasi-experimental, realizado en La Virgen, Cundinamarca (Colombia). Toda la población escolar fue sometida a la estrategia educativa en salud, acompañada de tratamiento semestral con albendazol, entre finales del 2010 y mediados del 2013. La muestra analítica fue constituida por 119 niños (mediana= 11; Rango Intercuartílico = 8-13 años). Se evaluaron los cambios anuales en la presencia de geohelmintos usando pruebas no paramétricas para muestras relacionadas y modelos de regresión logística de efectos fijos. Resultados: En la medición basal, las prevalencias de los geohelmintos fueron: 22,28% (IC 95% 16,36%-28,20%) para Ascaris lumbricoides; 37,31% (IC 95% 30,42%-44,19%) para Trichuris trichiura y 13,47% (IC 95% 8,61%-18,33%) para Uncinaria sp. Para la medición final, estas prevalencias cayeron significativamente a 5,30% (IC 95% 1,68%-8,91%) para A. lumbricoides; 16,55% (IC 95% 10,56%-22,55%) para T. trichiura y 4,64% (IC95% 1,42%-8,03%) para Uncinaria sp. Conclusión: El presente estudio, pese a que no constituye una evaluación real de impacto, provee una experiencia aparentemente exitosa de implementación de una estrategia integral para el control de las geohelmintiasis, que podría servir como modelo para otras intervenciones en áreas rurales del país.


Introduction: Geohelminthiasis is an infection which is prevalent in developing countries, and primarily affects schoolchildren. Control strategies that combine massive chemotherapy with health education can produce significant reductions in this infection that are sustainable over time. This study implemented and evaluated a comprehensive intervention combining a health education strategy and massive chemotherapy in a rural zone in Colombia. Methodology: Quasi-experimental design performed in La Virgen, Cundinamarca (Colombia). The entire school population participated in the health education strategy, in conjunction with biannual treatments with albendazole, between late 2010 and the middle of 2013. The analytical sample consisted of 119 children (median = 11, interquartile range = 8-13 years of age). Yearly changes in the presence of geohelminthes were evaluated using non-parametric tests for related samples and fixed-effect logistic regression models. Results: Prevalences of geohelminthes at baseline were: 22,28% (CI 95% 16,36%-28,20%) for Ascaris lumbricoides; 37,31%( CI 95% 30,42%-44,19%) for Trichuris trichiura and 13,47% (CI 95% 8,61%-18,33%) for Uncinaria sp. The final measurements of these prevalences decreased to 5,30%(CI 95% 1,68%-8,91%) for A. lumbricoides; 16,55% (CI 95% 10,56%-22,55%) for T. trichiura and 4,64% (CI 95% 1,42%-8,03%) for Uncinaria sp. Conclusions: Although the present study does not constitute an actual impact evaluation, it provides an apparently successful experience with implementing a comprehensive strategy to control geohelminthiasis, which could serve as a model for other interventions in rural areas in the country.


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Educação em Saúde , Colômbia , Helmintíase , Epidemiologia , Prevenção de Doenças
4.
Br J Med Med Res ; 2014 Feb; 4(5): 1175-1186
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-175007

RESUMO

Aims: The objective of this current study was to determine the prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of Geohelminthes infections or Soil transmitted helminthes (STHs) among pupils in Umuebu Community, Ukwuani Local Government area of Delta State. Study Design: A cross sectional study was undertaken to assess the status of soil transmitted helminthes infection with respect to prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors among school children in Ebu Primary School Umuebu and the entire community in Ukwuani Local Government Area, Delta State. Place and Duration of Study: The field study was carried out in Ebu primary School, in Umuebu community, Delta State while the laboratory work was carried out at the Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Lagos State University, Ojo Nigeria and Queen of the Apostle Catholic Hospital Laboratory, Obiaruku, Delta State all in Southern Nigeria between April and December, 2011. Methodology: Eight hundred and seventy eight (878) children were randomly selected. They comprised of 466 (52.76%) males and 412 (47.24%) females between the ages of 5-13 years in the master list of Ebu Primary School, Umuebu. The stool samples were examined for the presence of STHs using direct smear and Kato-Katz techniques. Results: Eight hundred and seven (92.74%) of the subjects were infected with Geohelminthiasis. The overall prevalence by species was Ascaris lumbricoides (76.89%), Hookworm (54.60%) and Trichuris. trichiura (29.24%). Two hundred and eighty two (39.40%) were infected with two or more STHs. The prevalence and intensity of all species of STHs significantly varied with age (p>0.05), with the highest prevalence in age group 5-7 years. The sex related prevalence show that males were more infected for all species of STHs than females, but this was only statistically significant for hookworm (p>0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis for the epidemiological variable showed that licking of fingers, drinking from wells or surface tanks and geophagy were risk factors for A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infections while walking barefooted was only risk factor for hookworm infection. Conclusion: Targeted health education on hygienic practices coupled with the establishment of sustainable and regular deworming programmes in the community are advocated considering the high prevalence of STHs reported in this study.

5.
Rev. Soc. Venez. Microbiol ; 28(1): 14-19, jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-631644

RESUMO

Las geohelmintiasis constituyen un problema de salud pública, por lo que su presencia en preescolares y escolares de la población de Macuquita, estado Falcón, Venezuela, se estudió mediante la técnica de Kato-Katz. Se evaluaron las características clínicas y las condiciones socio-sanitarias. El estado socio-económico de los núcleos familiares se estableció por el método de Graffar, encontrándose que el 100% (p< 0,05) de la población pertenece al estrato social V. La frecuencia de geohelmintiasis en los escolares fue de 64% (n=9) y 43% (n=6) en los preescolares. Las especies de geohelmintos más reportados fueron A. lumbricoides (41.1 %), T. trichiura (23.5%) y S. stercoralis (29.4%). En conclusión, la promoción de medidas que contribuyan a mejorar las condiciones socio-sanitarias son muy importantes para poder controlar la alta incidencia de esta patología. Se sugiere continuar el estudio ampliando el método diagnóstico y abarcando también los animales que cohabitan en el peridomicilio.


Geohelminthiasis constitutes a public health problem, due to which its presence in pre-school and school children from the Macupita population, Falcon state, Venezuela, was studied through the Kato Katz technique. Clinical characteristics and social-economical conditions were evaluated. The social-economical status of family nuclei was established by the Graffar method, determining that 100% (p<0.05) of the population belongs to social stratus V. Geohelminthiasis frequency in school children was 64% (n=9) and 43% (n=6) in preschool children. The most reported geohelminth species were A. lumbricoides (41.1%), T. trichiura (23.5%), and S. stercoralis (29.4%). In conclusion, the promotion of measures that contribute to improve the social-sanitary conditions are very important to control this pathology. It is suggested to continue the study increasing diagnostic methods and also including the animals that inhabit peri-household areas.

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