Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin Supplementation in the Modulation of NF-κB Responsive Genes in a Collagen-induced Arthritis Rat Model.

Aims: To assess the therapeutic effect of curcumin supplementation in modulating the expression of NF-κB in the joints of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Postgraduate Studies and Research, International Medical University, between July 2011 and May 2012. Methodology: Arthritis was induced in each group of Dark Agouti (DA) rats, by intradermal injection with collagen emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant. Treatment groups which were induced with CIA were treated with: 500 mg/kg curcumin; 1000 mg/kg curcumin; 2000 mg/kg curcumin; 25 mg/kg aspirin. Combination treatment groups which were induced with CIA were treated with: 500 mg/kg curcumin and 25 mg/kg aspirin; 1000 mg/kg curcumin and 25 mg/kg aspirin; 2000 mg/kg curcumin and 25 mg/kg aspirin from day 25 to 38. Efficacy was assessed based on ability to reduce paw oedema, histopathological changes, NF-κB expression, serum tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) and gluthathione peroxidase (GPx) levels. Results: Based on histopathological study, immunohistochemical scoring of NF-κB and ELISA analysis of TNF-α, IL-1β and GPx levels, our study found that curcumin given after arthritis in high doses, shows effects of healing and this results were comparable to positive control group, which is the arthritic group treated with 25 mg/kg aspirin. Curcumin given in combination with aspirin, showed better reduction in pathology in arthritic group compared to positive control group, especially with higher doses of curcumin. Conclusion: Curcumin was effective in reducing inflammatory changes seen in CIA joints which were proved through histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical analysis, however only at high doses.

Desbalance redox en pacientes quemados mayores

Introducción: acorde con las investigaciones actuales con respecto al paciente con quemaduras, resulta de gran interés poder evaluar las alteraciones del estrés oxidativo en estos para buscar su vínculo con la fisiopatología de esta entidad nosológica y su posibilidad de establecer pronósticos de vida. Objetivo: evaluar el comportamiento de marcadores prooxidantes y antioxidantes de pacientes quemados mayores, e identificar la posible relación entre los valores de estos marcadores con el grupo en que se ubican los pacientes, dentro de la clasificación cubana de pronósticos de vida. Métodos: en una muestra de 15 pacientes, con quemaduras, distribuidos en: 6 graves, 6 muy graves y 3 críticos extremos, según la clasificación cubana de pronósticos de vida, se determinaron las concentraciones plasmáticas de malonildialdehído, superóxido dismutasa, catalasa y peroxidación lipídica, en las primeras 24 h, al sexto día y a los 21 días de recibida la lesión. Los datos se procesaron con el programa STATISTICA 6.1 Resultados: los valores de los marcadores variaron de forma patológica, con un nivel significativo entre cada momento estudiado. El estrés oxidativo en estos pacientes se instauró en las primeras horas de recibido el trauma y su comportamiento no dependió de la gravedad de los pacientes según la clasificación cubana de pronósticos de vida Conclusiones: el desbalance oxidativo que se produce en el paciente quemado abarca desde la fase de shock hipovolémico hasta la adaptación según la clasificación fisiopatológica de Kirsbaum. La variación de los marcadores de estrés oxidativo, no se comporta de forma homogénea dentro de los grupos de estudio de la clasificación cubana de pronósticos de vida

Introduction: according to current researches regarding the burnt patient, it is interesting to assess the oxidative stress alterations in them to seek its link with the physiopathologic features of this nosologic entity and its possibility to establish life prognosis. Objective: to assess the behavior of pro-oxidative and oxidative markers of patients with severe burns and to identify the possible relationship among the values of these markers with the group where the patients are located within a Cuban classification of life prognosis. Methods: sample included 15 burnt patients, distributed in: six severe, six very severe and three critically severe, according the Cuban classification of life prognosis, determining the plasma concentrations of malonyldialdehyde, superoxide, dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation during the first twenty four hours, at sixth day and at twenty one days after lesion. Data were processed using the STATISTICA 6.1 program. Results: marker's values changed the pathological way, with a significant level between each study moment. The oxidative stress in these patients appeared during the first hours after trauma and its behavior not depended on severity of patients according to the Cuban classification of the life prognosis. Conclusions: the oxidative lack of balanced present in the burnt patient covers from the phase of hypovolemic shock up to the adaptation according the Kirsbaum physiopathologic classification. The variation of the oxidative stress markers not behaves in a homogenous way in the study groups of the Cuban classification of life prognosis

Comparisons of Oxidative Stress during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy and Open Cholecystectomy

PURPOSE: During oxidative stress, the levels of oxygen free radical increase dramatically, which plays a role in apoptosis, aging and is chemic injury, but also leads to positive effects such as induction of host defense genes and mobilization of ion transport systems. It has been suggested that the advantages of laparoscopic surgery are closely related to the reduced oxidative stress that occurs during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) when compared to open cholecystectomy (OC). This study was conducted to compare oxidative stress markers including total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and gluthathione reductase (GR) between the LC group and OC group to determine if these surgical procedures result in different patterns of oxidative stress. METHODS: Our prospective study included fifty patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis and cholecystitis, of whom 25 underwent LC and 25 underwent OC. The plasma levels of oxidative stress markers (TAS, SOD, and GR) were measured preoperatively and on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd postoperative days. RESULTS: The postoperative hospitalization days differed significantly between the two groups (p0.05). An acceptable postoperative decrease in SOD was observed in the OC group, especially after the 2nd postoperative day (p0.05) upon analysis of covariance. A significant postoperative decrease in the level of SOD was observed in the OC group, especially after the 2nd postoperative day (p<0.01), and there was also a significant difference in the serial change in SOD between groups (p=0.020). The level of GR in the OC group decreased significantly on the 2nd postoperative day (p=0.022). Moreover, ANCOVA revealed a significant difference in the serial changes in thelevel of GR between the two groups (p=0.039). CONCLUSION: Our study compared oxidative stress between LC and OC groups based on the levels of TAS, SOD, and GR. We found that minimally invasive surgery, such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy, produced less oxidative stress than open surgery.

Effect of Age and Liver Cirrhosis on the Gluthathione Concentration and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in the Plasma, Erythrocytes and Gastric Mucosa of Human

BACKGROUND: The role of aging in damage to DNA have been of increasing in recent years. DNA damage correlated with biochemical and physiologic changes that are characteristic of cellular impairment in aging and disease. Reduction of oxygen in tissue produces a number of oxygen free radicals which may induce cellular damage and even cell death. Glutathione, its function in reductive processes that are essential for the synthesis (and the degradation) of proteins, formation of deoxyribonucleotide precursors of DNA, regulation of enzymes, and protection of the cell against reactive oxygen compounds and free radicals. The aim of this study was, 1) to measure the glutathione concentration and glutathione proxidase activity of erythroyte, plasma, human gastric mucosa in elderly and liver cirrhosis patient 2) to investigate a role of glutathione mediated cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress between in liver cirrhosis patient and in elderly. METHODS: We measured glutathione concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in the plasma, erythrocytes, gastric mucosa of human in 4 group (Group A: 10 patients of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertensive gastropathy in age 40~55 years, Group B: same number and disease of patients in age over 65 years, group C: healthy person of age over 65 years, Group D: control). Glutathione concentration of erythocyte, plasma and human gastric mucosa was measured by spectrophotometer using Bioxytech GSH-400. Glutathione peroxidase activity of plasma was measured by Paglia & Valentine method using Bioxytech pl. Gpx and of erythocyte and human gastric mucosa was measured by using Bioxytech Gpx.340. Statistical significance of the different group was determined by ANOVA. A p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULT: Glutathione concentration of erythrocytes and gastric mucosa was decreased in Group A, B, C compared to group D. plasma concentration of glutathione was decreased in group A, B compared to group C, D. Activity of glutathione peroxidase was not different in any group (ANOVA, p<0.005). CONCLUSION: Even though glutathione concentration of erythrocyte and human gastric mucosa was decreased in elderly and in liver cirrhosis patient, our study shows decreased glutathione related defense mechanism against oxidative stress is different in view of plasma concentration of glutathione.

Inhibitory effects of several drugs to intestinal secretory stimulation of heat-labile enterotoxin produced by enterotoxigenic E. coli

No abstract available.