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Abstract Objective Gossypetin, isolated from Hibiscus sabdariffa L, has been shown to have various pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity against various diseases. However, since the effect of gossypetin in oral cancer remains to be reported, we aimed to investigate the anticancer activity and mechanisms of gossypetin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methodology The proliferation of OSCC cells was evaluated by cell viability and soft agar colony assays. The effects of gossypetin on the migration and invasion of OSCC cells was investigated by wound healing and transwell invasion assays, respectively. Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were measured by flow cytometry. Moreover, the anticancer mechanism of gossypetin in OSCC cells was analyzed by western blotting. Results Gossypetin inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells and induced apoptosis by upregulating the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Furthermore, gossypetin regulated the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B. Conclusion Results showed that gossypetin inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells and triggers apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in OSCC. Therefore, gossypetin has the potential for use as a chemopreventive agent in oral cancer.
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Objective: To establish multiwavelength HPLC fingerprint of Aurea helianthus from different batches, and combine quantitative analysis, similarity evaluation, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis to evaluate the quality of A. helianthus. Methods: The chromatographic column was Phenomenex Kinetex C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was composed of 0.08% phosphoric acid water (A) and acetonitrile (B) in gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, the detection wavelength was set at 260 nm for protocatechuic acid during 0-8 min, 324 nm for caffeic acid during 8-15 min, 360 nm for rutin, hyperin, isoquercitrin, gossypetin-8-O-β-D-glucuronide, myricetin, quercetin-3’-O-glucoside, and quercetin during 15-60 min. The column temperature was set at 30 oC. And the HPLC fingerprint of A. helianthus was established by the similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of TCM (Version 2004A) and SPSS19.0, which was used for similarity evaluation, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. Results: A total of 25 common peaks were confirmed of A. helianthus HPLC fingerprint, and nine peaks were identified which were determined. The similarity of 16 batches of samples was between 0.879 and 0.983; The results of cluster analysis showed that A. helianthus was clustered into two groups, indicating that there were differences in the similarity; Ranked the quality of A. helianthus based on the main component composite score. Conclusion: The method is simple and accurate, which can be used for the comprehensive quality evaluation research of the medicinal materials of A. helianthus.