The effects of curcumin on the biological behavior of colorectal cancer cells through the JAK/STAT3 and RAS/MAPK/NF-κB pathways / Los efectos de la curcumina en el comportamiento biológico de las células del cáncer colorrectal mediante las vías JAK/STAT3 y RAS/MAPK/NF-KB

Abstract The purpose of this work was to investigate the effects of curcumin on the biological behavior of colorectal cancer cells through the JAK/STAT3 and RAS/MAPK/NF-κB pathways. Human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells were cultured and divided into a control group and low, medium and high-dose curcumin groups (n =5). HCT116 colorectal cancer cells became long-growing cells after incubation and culture at 37°C. The control group was treated with 15μL phosphate-buffered saline, and the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose curcumin groups were treated with 20, 40 and 80μmol/L curcumin, respectively. All groups were treated with relevant drug intervention, digested and centrifuged for 48h, washed twice with a PBS solution, centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 3 min, and the cells precipitated. The proliferation, apoptosis and growth cycle of cells in each group were observed, and the expressions of the JAK/STAT3 and RAS/MAPK/NF-κB pathways and related proteins in each group were studied. Compared with the curcumin low-dose and medium-dose groups, the proliferation ability of the curcumin high-dose group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). When the low-dose and medium-dose curcumin groups were compared with the high-dose curcumin group, the apoptosis ability was significantly increased (P<0.05). When the low-dose and medium-dose curcumin groups were compared, the growth ratio of the G0/G1 phase in the high-dose curcumin group was significantly increased, and the percentage of the S phase was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the curcumin low-dose and medium-dose groups, the expression of JAK-STAT3 and RAS/MAPK/NF-κB pathway in the curcumin high-dose group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The protein expressions of STAT3, RAS, P-P38 and P65 in the curcumin high-dose group were significantly lower than those in the curcumin low-dose and medium-dose groups (P<0.05). Curcumin can inhibit the expression of JAK/STAT3 and RAS/MAPK/NF-κB pathways, block the growth cycle, and inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells, providing a new idea for the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer.

Resumen El objetivo del presente trabajo fue investigar los efectos de la curcumina en el comportamiento biológico de las células del cáncer colorrectal mediante el estudio de las vías JAK/STAT3 y RAS/MAPK/NF-KB. Las células del cáncer colorrectal humano HCT116 se cultivaron y dividieron en un grupo control y en grupos con dosis baja, media y alta (n = 5) de curcumina. Las células de cáncer colorrectal HCT116 se convirtieron en células de crecimiento prolongado después de la incubación y cultivo a 37°C. El grupo de control se trató con 15 μL de solución tampón fosfato salina (PBS) y los grupos de curcumina de dosis baja, media y alta se trataron con 20, 40 y 80 μmol/L de curcumina, respectivamente. Todos los grupos fueron tratados con la intervención farmacológica pertinente, digeridos y centrifugados durante 48 horas, lavados dos veces con solución de PBS, centrifugados a 1000 rpm durante 3 minutos, y las células precipitadas. Se observaron la proliferación, la apoptosis y el ciclo de crecimiento de las células de cada grupo, y fueron estudiados las expresiones de las vías JAK/STAT3, RAS/MAPK/NF-KB y proteínas relacionadas en cada grupo. Comparado con los grupos de la dosis baja y media de la curcumina, disminuyó obviamente la capacidad de proliferación del grupo de la dosis alta de la curcumina (P<0,05). Comparado con los grupos de la dosis baja y media de la curcumina, aumentó de modo significativo la capacidad de la apoptosis del grupo de la dosis alta de la curcumina (P<0,05). Comparado con los grupos de la curcumina de dosis baja y media, aumentó obviamente la proporción del crecimiento de la fase G0/G1 en el grupo de la curcumina de dosis alta y el porcentaje de la fase S disminuyó considerablemente (P<0,05). Las expresiones proteicas STAT3, RAS, P-P38 y P65 en el grupo de la dosis alta de la curcumina fueron evidentemente más bajas que las de los grupos de la dosis baja y media de la curcumina (P<0.05). La curcumina puede inhibir la expresión de las vías JAK/STAT3 y RAS/MAPK/NF-KB, bloquear el ciclo del crecimiento y luego inhibir la proliferación e inducir apoptosis de las células del cáncer colorrectal, lo que brinda una nueva idea para el tratamiento clínico del cáncer colorrectal.

Review on Dew Process and Its Contribution in Maize Water Requirement at Nalohou (Northern Benin)

Climate change is a scientific issue of global interest and Africa is one of the most vulnerable regions in the world strongly affected by its consequences in water resources for agriculture. Adaptation to climate change is one of the fundamental measures for human beings. Therefore, extensive researches on dew process have been carried out worldwide. Based on articles and relevant documents on the subject, this paper reviews the latest researches achievement in several domains of science, including measurements technics and dew possible contribution in plants water requirement satisfaction. A case study in Benin climate (West Africa) compares the probable amount of dew that can be harvested by maize canopy as water during the main stages of its growth cycle. Evaluation of dew amount and maize water requirements are done using the Penman-Monteith equation. The theoretical results show that dew can contribute for about 9 to 10% in the IZEE-W-SR-(ODE-TUWE) corn variety’s water requirements. So, future researches on dew can be performed in arid and semi-arid areas as alternative water for agriculture.

Microbial transformation of ginsenosides extracted from Panax ginseng adventitious roots in an airlift bioreactor

Background: Ginsenoside is the most important secondary metabolite in ginseng. Natural sources of wild ginseng have been overexploited. Although root culture can reduce the length of the growth cycle of ginseng, the number of species of ginsenosides is reduced and their contents are lower in the adventitious roots of ginseng than in the roots of ginseng cultivated in the field. Results: In this study, 147 strains of ß-glucosidase-producing microorganisms were isolated from soil. Of these, strain K35 showed excellent activity for converting major ginsenosides into rare ginsenosides, and a NCBI BLAST of its 16S rDNA gene sequence showed that it was most closely related to Penicillium sp. (HQ608083.1). Strain K35 was used to ferment the adventitious root extract, and the fermentation products were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the content of the rare ginsenoside CK was 0.253 mg mL-1 under the optimal converting conditions of 9 d of fermentation at pH 7.0 in LL medium, which was significantly higher than that in the adventitious roots of ginseng. Conclusion: These findings may not only solve the problem of low productivity of metabolite in ginseng root culture but may also result in the development of a new valuable method of manufacturing ginsenoside CK.

Effect of the serum contained Radix Astragali,Hirudo,Hirudin and the compounding on the growth cycle and apoptosis of rats' glomerular mesangial cells / 中华中医药杂志

Objective:To investigate effect of the serum contained Radix Astragali, Hirudo, Hirudin and the compounding of these two herbs respectively on the growth cycle and apoptosis of rats' glomerular mesangial cells(GMCs)and observe the morphology of apoptosis. Methods: The growth cycle and apoptosis of GMCs was measured by flow cytometer. Meanwhile morphous of apoptosis was visualized by Wright's staining and observed by microscope. Results: The serum contained Radix Astragali, Hirudo, Hirudin and the compounding respectively can keep most GMCs in the stage of G0/G1,and it had a significant deviation compared with the control(P

The Study for 302 Cases of Chlamydia Genital Infection / 中国医师杂志

Objective To study whether the Chlamydia Trachomatis (CT) growth cycle affects the results of culture of CT infection, clinical symptom and the effectiveness of antibiotics .Methods The 302 cases from genecology out-patients were classified into two groups: the symptomatic ones (group A) and the asymptomatic another (group B), and The CT infection was examined by both PCR technique and culture medium, the positive cases were revisited twice later.Results ⑴There was no difference between two diagnostic methods in the group A. While in the group B, the positive rate of with PCR method was 8 91%(18/184), which was higher than that in culture medium 2 48%(5/197),P0 05. Total 96%(48/50) of cases from the double positive group revert to culture negative, only 36%(18/50) of cases were cured, while 60%(30/50) ones just get to the single positive group in PCR method.⑷After ceasing antibiotics for at least one month, those who have not been cured revisit again, 13 33%(4/30) of single positive cases with PCR method was reverted to double positive with PCR,culture medium methods.Conclusion CT infection in female genital system,positive determinable rate of PCR method is higher than that of culture medium method.

Effect of the Serum Contained Radix Astragali and Hirudo and Their Compound on the Growth Cycle and Apoptosis of Rat Glomerular Mesangial Cells / 中医杂志

Objective To study the effect of the serum contained Radix Astragali, Hirudo or their compound on the growth cycle and apoptosis of rat mesangial cells (MC).Methods The serum contained the extract of high-concentration of Hirudo, the serum contained the extract of high-concentration of Radix Astragali, and the serum contained the extract of high-concentration of Hirudo and the extract of low-concentration of Radix Astragali were prepared. The cultured MC were measured by flow cytometer to observe the changes in their growth cycle and apoptosis. The morphological changes of apoptotic cells were observed.Results The medicinal serums can keep the most MC in the stage of G0/G1, and the significant difference was existing in comparison with that of the control group (P