Growth and Nutritional Status of Kandra (Fisherman) Adolescent Girls from Ganjam, Odisha, India.

Introduction: The National Family Health Survey-4 data from Odisha shows, adolescent growth spurt and nutritional level needs to be studied comprehensively for designing appropriate policies. Kandra community of Odisha is a Schedule Caste (SC) community with low socio-economic status. No study has been done on growth spurt of girls from this community. Hence, the paper examined growth and nutritional trend and test for significant difference on height, weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI). Methodology: Cross-sectional study with 78 sample were collected from one Gram Panchayat of Ganjam district, India. Somatometric measurements i.e., height, weight, chest, and calf circumference were collected from school-going adolescent, randomly. Mean difference between early and middle adolescent were seen through Levene's Test for equality of variances and independent sample-t-test. Result: Findings say, adolescent growth spurt was highest at age 13-14 years. The overall median height and weight were reported less than Indian and National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) standards. The difference between 12-13 years and 14-16 years were significant at p<.001 for BMI. Conclusion: Findings were like the gaps reported in NFHS-4 nutritional indictors and is a concern as the girls are going to be future mother, and deficiency may pull their life into risk.

Analysis on the law of height growth spurt in adolescence of children and adolescents in Zhongshan City / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the characteristics of the age at peak height velocity and peak height velocity of primary and middle school students in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, and to explore the law of the sudden increase in adolescent height in this area, and to understand the law of height growth spurt in adolescence by longitudinal tracking of the height of children and adolescents in Zhong-shan City.@*METHODS@#Based on the physical examination database of primary and middle school students in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province from 2005 to 2016, individuals who had been continuously tracked for more than 6 times were selected as research samples. SITAR model was used to fit the height data of the sample population, and the age at peak height velocity and peak height velocity were calcula-ted.@*RESULTS@#A total of 49 579 subjects were included in this study, including 26 524 boys and 26 008 urban students. The median follow-up ages of boys and girls were 7.74 and 7.72 years, respectively. The boy's height spurt peak age was (12.72±0.89) years, and later than the girls at the age of (10.98±0.95) years (t=207.639, P < 0.001), the boy's height spurt peak velocity of (10.12±1.49) cm/year, higher than the girls of (8.35±1.12) cm/year (t=150.826, P < 0.001). The gender differences of height spurt peak age and height spurt peak speed in urban and rural students were consistent with the whole sample. The height surge peak age of urban male students was earlier than that of rural male students, and the height surge peak speed of urban female students was lower than that of rural female students.@*CONCLUSION@#The peak age of the surge of girls was earlier than that of boys, but the peak rate of the surge of girls was lower than that of boys, the peak age of urban students was earlier than that of rural students, but the peak rate of urban boys was lower than that of rural boys in Guangdong Province.

Skeletal Age Assessment of SMI and MP3 Stages to Predict the Pubertal Growth Spurt / 대한소아치과학회지

This study aimed to assess the skeletal age of skeletal maturational indicator (SMI) and middle phalanx of the middle finger (MP3) stages and to predict the SMI and MP3 stages corresponding to pubertal growth spurt in boys and girls respectively.The skeletal age was assessed from hand-wrist radiographs of 363 children (182 boys, 181 girls) aged 7 to 16 years by radiologists using the Korean standard bone age chart. Also, SMI and MP3 stages were evaluated from the radiographs. From these records, the mean skeletal age of SMI and MP3 stages was calculated.The stages including pubertal growth spurt were SMI 4 – 5, MP3 FG – G stages in boys and SMI 3 – 4, MP3 F – FG stages in girls.

The frontal sinus enlargement as an indicator of growth maturity in class III patients- A pilot study.

Background: Diverse indicators have been used to predict growth in children. Skeletal parameters, such as hand wrist bones ossification, have been considered to cause an additional radiation exposure. To avoid such situation, new approaches as the cervical vertebrae maturation have been proposed. Aims & Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate a correlation between the enlargement of the frontal sinus and the body height peak in Angle Class III patients, and whether a sinus peak would serve as an indicator of growth maturity. Material and Methods: 20 Class III female patients were selected. Records of body height and serial lateral cephalograms taken for orthodontic treatment from 7 to 17 years old were used. By using the method of Ertük, the Nasion – Sella line was oriented and the peripheral border of the sinus was traced. The highest (Sh) and the lowest (Sl) points related to S-N line were located. A perpendicular line to Sh-Sl was drawn and the maximum width of the sinus was assessed. Tracings were analyzed and the sinus growth was determined. Results: The frontal sinus enlargement was closely related to body height. One year after the body height peak occurred, the frontal sinus also reached a peak that coincided with the maximum amount of sinus width enlargement. The frontal sinus growth peak velocity was about 1.02mm/yr. Nevertheless, there was a small remaining growth one year after the sinus peak in few cases. Conclusion: Because of the close relationship between the body height growth and the enlargement of frontal sinus during puberty, the frontal sinus development could be used as an indicator of growth maturity.

Menarcheal timing and growth curve shape during the adolescent growth spurt / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the onset, peak height velocity (PHV) and end of adolescent growth spurt as well as menarcheal timing deduced from surveying accumulative height growth over many years. METHODS: Ninety six students of Samgoe high school between 1st and 3rd grade that were in good health participated in the research. A survey questionnaire was distributed to examine the students' health status and menarche timing. RESULTS: Adolescent growth spurt typically began at the age of 9.9 and reached a PHV at the age of 11.6. The growth spurt ended at the age of 14.1 on average. The average age of menarche was 12.6 years, which was about one year after the PHV of adolescent growth spurt. In most cases, menarche came after PHV. But in 24% of the students, menarche and PHV was nearly coincident or menarche preceded PHV. The growth curves were classified into four types. A typical adolescent growth spurt showed one PHV on graph that drastically drops after the PHV. However, there were cases with two PHVs. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that individual growth patterns show large individual differences, however the categorization into the various growth curves may aid in predicting individual growth patterns.

A study on menarche and skeletal maturity among various malocclusion groups / 대한치과교정학회지

In order to correct a maxillofacial-skeletal disharmony successfully and achieve a favorable facial profile, orthodontic treatment must begin at pubertal growth spurt. Therefore predicting the pubertal growth pattern and evaluating the growth potential is very important For an orthodontist, estimating skeletal maturity in relation to one's personal growth spurt is essential and it must be considered into the treatment. The objective of this study was to find out whether there was a difference in menacheal age among different malocclusion groups and to evaluate the skeletal maturity at menarche. The subjects were 64 Class I malocclusion patients, 51 Class 1I patients and 38 Class III patients. Skeletal maturity was estimated from handwrist radiographs of these patients. Handwrist radiographs were taken between 3 months before and after the menarche. The results were as follows. 1. The mean chronologic age of menarche was 12.50+/-1.01 years. 2. For the Class I malocclusion group the mean age cf menarche was 12.36+/-1.04 years, for Class II 12.81+/-1,03 years and for Class III 12.32+/-0.82 years. According to these results Class II malocclusion patients started mensturation later than Class I and. Class III malocclusion patients. 3. No difference was found considering the skeletal maturity at menarche among the malocclusion groups. 4. The skeletal maturity index at menarche was SMI 7 for 45.10%, SMI 8 for 27.25%, SW 9 for 10.46%, SMI 6 for 7.84%, SMI 10 for 7.84% and SMI 5 for 1.31% patients. 5. Statistically there was a significant correlation between skeletal maturity estimated by handwrist radiographs and menacheal age( P<0.05, r-0.25430).

The analysis of the growth velocity curve in height based upon the maturity rate / 体力科学

A study was conducted to analyze the height growth velocity curve based upon the maturity rate. Ninety-eight longitudinal data points for height (for subjects aged 6 to 17 years) were obtained retrospectively from health examination records in 1983. Growth distance and growth velocity curves of each individual were described by the wavelet interpolation method, and PHV age was determined with the described graph using computer simulation. We classified the growth velocity curve by the maturity rate approximated according to the PHV age. As a result, it was shown that the after-growth spurt in early maturity and somewhat early maturity type appeared more than in the average and somewhat late maturity types, and that conversely, the mid-growth spurt in the late maturity and somewhat late maturity types appeared more than in the early maturity and somewhat early maturity types. Specifically, it was demonstrated that two mid-growth spurts appeared in the late maturity and somewhat late maturity types.