Study on the spatial distribution and related factors of medical insurance designated retail pharmacies in Guiyang / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To pr ovide theoretic support for Guiyang to scientifically guide the development of drug retail industry and implement national health policies . METHODS The data were collected through statistical yearbook ，data cloud ， coordinate acquisition device of Application Programming Interface of Baidu map and so on. The spatial distribution characteristics and accessibility of medical insurance designated retail pharmacies （shorted for “designated pharmacies ”）in Guiyang were analyzed by spatial analysis based on Geographic Information System. The related factors for the distribution of designated pharmacies in Guiyang were analyzed by statistical method. RESULTS The number of designated pharmacies ，designated pharmacies per thousand people and designated pharmacies per 10 km2 in Guiyang increased from 2 018，0.41 and 2.51 in 2020 to 2 500，0.42 and 3.11 in 2021，with growth rates of 23.89％，2.44％ and 23.90％ respectively. The service area of the designated pharmacies that residents of Guiyang reached within 15 minutes on foot was 10.27％ of the total service area of designated pharmacies in Guiyang. The results of correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between the regional gross regional production ，total retail sales of consumer goods ，population，urban per capita disposable income and the number of designated pharmacies in Guiyang were 0.999，0.999，0.977 and 0.992，respectively （all P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The distribution of designated pharmacies is insufficient in Guiyang ，the development of designated pharmacies in various administrative regions is uneven ，and the layout of pharmacies is significantly affected by economic and demographic factors. It is suggested that the local government should explore the strategy of scientifically and reasonably expanding the coverage of designated pharmacies in urban and rural areas，promote the rational layout of pharmacies with appropriate economic and demographic policies ，and pay attention to improving the service capacity of designated pharmacies ，so as to improve the quality of life of the people and guide the healthy and high-quality development of drug retail industry.

Enterobius vermicularis infection in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province: a case report / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

The report presents a case with Enterobius vermicularis infections in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, aiming to strengthen the attention to parasitic infections.

Investigation and Research on the Awareness and Attitude of Medical Representative Registration System among Pharmaceutical Marketers in Guiyang City / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the awareness and attitude of medical representative registration system among pharmaceutical marketers in Guiyang city.  METHODS： A self-designed questionnaire survey about the awareness （full point 100） and attitude （total points ranged 17-85） of medical representative registration system was conducted among pharmaceutical marketers selected by the stratified random sampling in the six districts of Guiyang city， and the difference of awareness and attitude scores were compared among pharmaceutical marketers with different characteristics （12 aspects）， and relevant suggestions were made. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： A total of 220 questionaires were sent out， and 220 questionaires were collected among which there were 205 valid questionaires （effective rate of 93.2％）. Total awareness score of 205 pharmaceutical marketers was（55.17±21.20）points， with average correct rate of 55.17％. Pharmaceutical marketers from pharmaceutical companies scored significantly higher than those from other pharmaceutical companies； pharmaceutical marketers who mainly promoted prescription drugs scored significantly higher than those who mainly promoted other types of pharmaceutical products； pharmaceutical marketers who set up city public hospitals as the target market scored significantly higher than those who set up other markets； pharmaceutical marketers who learned about the system from media reports scored significantly higher than those who learned about the system from other sources， above 4 were with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. Meanwhile， overall attitude scores （higher score means higher recognition） of 205 pharmaceutical marketers were （58.76±12.84） with average score rate of 69.13％； the score of pharmaceutical marketers who learned about the system from media reports was significantly lower than other pathways， the score of pharmaceutical marketers who had received training was significantly higher than those who hadn’t， the score of pharmaceutical marketers in the enterprises where formulated countermeasure plans was significantly higher than those in the enterprises where hadn’t formulated， above 3 were with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. The knowledge level of Guiyang pharmaceutical marketers on the registration system of medical representatives needs to be improved. The marketers generally took positive attitude towards the policy， and believed that medical institutions， pharmaceutical companies and medical representatives would benefit from it. To promote the construction of pharmaceutical marketing compliance， medical institutions， pharmaceutical companies and pharmaceutical marketers should take the initiative to cooperate with the formulation and implementation of medical representative  registration system.

The polymorphism of G+2044A and A-1512C on IL-13 peptide chain among 153 children with asth-ma in Guiyang / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNP) of IL-13G+2044A and IL-13A-1512C and to analyze their relationships with the occurrence of bronchial asthma in chil-dren in Guiyang city. Methods Sequenom MassArray platform, a newly developed genotyping assay, was used to detect the G+2044A locus and the A-1512C locus in 153 subjects with asthma and 103 healthy sub-jects. Then the results were statistically analyzed with chi-square test and t-test. Results Three genotypes of IL-13G+2044A locus including GG, GA and AA were detected in the subjects with or without asthma. There were significant differences in the genotype distribution between the subjects with or without asthma (χ2 =7. 691, P<0. 05). The subjects carrying the variant allele A at IL-13G+2044A locus were more likely to have asthma than those not harboring the variant allele A. There were significant differences in allele fre-quency between the subjects with or without asthma (χ2 = 7. 458, P<0. 01). Three genotypes of IL-13A-1512C locus including AA, AC and CC were detected in the subjects from both of the two groups. There were significant differences in the genotype distribution between the two groups (χ2 = 12. 906, P<0. 01). The variant allele C at IL-13A-1512C locus was associated with lower risk for asthma. Significant differences in allele frequency were observed the two groups (χ2 =10. 407, P<0. 01). Conclusion Both of the alleles at IL-13G+2044A and IL-13A-1512C loci were associated with asthma. The variant allele A at IL-13G+2044A locus might be the gene predisposing children to asthma in Guiyang city. Children carrying the variant allele C at IL-13A-1512C locus showed a lower risk for asthma in Guiyang city.

Antihypertensive use of 969 hypertension patients in Guiyang and impact factors analysis / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective By means of analyzing the antihypertensive use of hypertension patients of Guiyang in 2013 and impact factors for basic drug use,to evaluate the impacts of the essential medicines list in place in Guiyang to hypertension patients in communities in Guiyang.Methods 969 hypertension patients were surveyed with structured questionnaire of stratified random sampling at 6 community health centers in Guiyang city.Results Hypertension patients in communities averaged 1.4 types of antihypertensive,and the essential medicines used accounted for 39.8％of all the antihypertensive.The distribution differences of the ratio of essential medicines use are significant interms of age,gender,and household annual income.Use ratio of non-essential medicines of the 55～64 age group and 65～74 age group are 3.48 times and 0.47 times over that of the 75 and above age group.For hypertension patients of low income and medium income,their probable use of non-essential medicines is 2.05 and 2.87 times that of high income households.Conclusion As the use ratio of hypertension patients in Guiyang is relatively low,and the factors for it are age and household income,focused intervention is recommended for the 65～74 age group and low-income households,for the purpose of high use ratio of essential medicines of such people.

Survey of the Ophthalmopathy and the Vision in Blindness-Deaf-Mute Schools in Guiyang / 医学研究杂志

Objective To make a survey of the binocular visual acuity, residual visual acuity and the pathogenic factors causing the deficient of the vision handicap student in Blindness-Deaf-Mute school in Guiyang to provide the data for low vision rehabilitation. Methods Through routine examination, we examined the 58 students with vision impairment and further advised them wear the optics visual aids. Results 6 cases of low vision, accounting for 10.3%; 52 cases of blindness, accounting for 89.7%. One case was rectified its visual acuity by means of subjective refraction and rectification of eyesight. Causes of the disease: 35 cases suffered from the deficient due to genetic factors, accounting for 60.3%; among them, the congenital glaucoma was the first (12/35). 23 cases suffered from the deficient due to acquired factors, accounting for 39.7%, among them, the keratomalacia was the first (19/23). Visual aids wearing :visual acuity≥0.3, 3 cases; visual acuity≥0.05, 6 cases. Conclusions Prevention can prevent the genesis of blindness. The students of residual visual acuity should wear visual aids.

Analysis of the Use of Chinese Patent Medicines in Guiyang During 2004～2006 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the use of Chinese patent medicines in Guiyang in order to provide references and information about the research and development,manufacture and use and marketing etc of Chinese patent medicines.METHODS:The use of Chinese patent medicine in Guiyang area during 2004～2006 was analyzed taking DDD and sequence of consumption sum of the top 20 Chinese patent medicines as the main indexes.RESULTS:The use of Chinese patent medicines was influenced directly by dosage forms,price and DDC etc.CONCLUSION:Those Chinese patent medicines with confirmative efficiency,moderate prices and reasonable dosage forms assume precedence over the others in clinical use.

Sampling survey of 0—6 years old disabled children in Guiyang / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo survey 0—6 years old disabled children in Guiyang.Methods4 999 children aged 0—6 years old chosen randomly from 9 145 children of 12 blocks were investigated with the disability sampling survey criteria of 1987.ResultsThe rate of disabled children in Guiyang was 1.58%, and was not significantly different compared with that of whole country (1.36%) and other three areas including Siping City (P>0.05),but significantly higher than that of other six districts including Heping district of Tianjin municipality (P<0.05). All kinds of disability found by this survey were separately intellectual disability (0.92%),comprehensive disability (0.28%),limb disability (0.24%),vision disability (0.10%),psychiatric disability (0.03%),and hearing disability (0.02%). Rates of intellectual and vision disabilities were significantly higher than that of whole country ( P>0.05).ConclusionSome diseases are directly relative to occurrence of disability. The poor income of the children family,lower education of his parents and not gotten preschool education were risk factors of disability. The institution based rehabilitation and community based rehabilitation are main rehabilitation forms to disabled children.