Comparison of clinical application of iRoot SP, GuttaFlow 2 and AH Plus root canal sealer / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# The short-term clinical effects of two kinds of normal temperature flow root sealers (the calcium silicate-based sealer iRoot SP and the siloxane-based sealer GuttaFlow2) combined with single point filling technology and a frequently-used sealing agent (AH Plus) combined with continuous wave hot tooth filling technology were evaluated. @*Methods @#A total of 279 teeth (656 root canals) were randomly divided into three groups: the iRoot SP group, GuttaFlow2 group and AH plus group. We recorded the filling time of each root canal, collected a digital dental film to evaluate the filling effect of each root canal, and conducted a follow-up visit one week and one month after the operation to record the incidence of pain. We used SPSS 18.0 to analyze the above data. @*Results @# There was no significant difference in the root canal filling effect among the three groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the filling time between the iRoot SP group and the GuttaFlow2 group (P > 0.05), but the filling time was significantly shorter in the AH Plus group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the postoperative pain between the iRoot SP group and the GuttaFlow2 group (P > 0.05), and the incidence of pain in the iRoot SP group and the GuttaFlow2 group was lower than that in the AH Plus group (P < 0.05).@*Conclusions @# GuttaFlow2 and iRoot SP combined with single point filling technology can save filling time and obtain good clinical effects compared with frequently-used hot tooth filling technology and the incidence of postoperative pain was low.

Biological Tissue Response to a New Formulation of a Silicone Based Endodontic Sealer

Abstract Satisfactory biological behavior is a necessary requirement for clinical application of endodontic materials. In this study, the connective tissue responses to silicone (GuttaFlow 2), epoxy resin (AH Plus) and zinc oxide and eugenol (Endofill) based sealers were compared. Twelve Wistar rats had polyethylene tubes (four per animal) containing one of the tested sealers and empty tubes (negative control) implanted in their subcutaneous tissue. The tubes were randomly placed 2 cm from the spine and at least 2 cm apart from one another. Tissue samples with implants were processed for histological analysis after 7 or 60 days (n=6 animals per period). Inflammatory cells, fibrous condensation and abscess were scored according to their intensity. Friedman, followed by Dunn's post hoc, was used to compare sealers. Differences between the two experimental periods were verified using Mann-Witney U test (p<0.05). At 7 days, most of the histological parameters showed no significant differences amongst groups. Endofill group scored higher than the others for giant cells (o<0.05) and promoted a greater number of samples presenting abscess formation. GuttaFlow 2 tended to show a less intense inflammatory infiltrate compared to the other materials. At 60 days, there were no significant differences between groups in most of the histological parameters evaluated. However, it was observed that Endofill scored higher for macrophages (p<0.05) compared to the control group, and GuttaFlow 2 tended to present lower scores than the others for neutrophils and abscess. GuttaFlow 2 showed proper biological behavior and should be considered adequate for clinical practice.

Resumo Um dos requisistos para a aplicação clínica de materiais endodônticos é apresentar comportamento biológico satisfatório. Neste estudo, as respostas do tecido conjuntivo a cimentos endodônticos à base de silicone (GuttaFlow 2), resina epóxica (AH Plus) e óxido de zinco e eugenol (Endofill) foram comparadas. Doze ratos Wistar tiveram tubos de polietileno (4 em cada animal) contendo um dos materiais e tubos vazios (controle negativo) implantados no tecido conjuntivo subcutâneo. Os tubos foram randomicamente posicionados pelo menos 2 cm distantes entre si e da espinha dorsal do animal. Amostras de tecido contendo os implantes foram processadas para análise histológica após 7 e 60 dias (n=6 animais por período). Células inflamatórias, condensação fibrosa e formação de abscesso foram classificadas em escores de acordo com sua intensidade. O teste Friedman, seguido por post hoc de Dunn, foi empregado para comparar os cimentos. O teste de Mann-Witney U foi empregado para verificar diferenças entre os períodos experimentais em cada grupo (p<0,05). Após 7 dias, a maior parte dos parâmetros histológicos não mostrou diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos. O cimento Endofill promoveu escores mais altos que os outros materiais para a variável células gigantes (p<0,05), além de apresentar um maior número de amostras com formação de abscesso. O GuttaFlow 2 tendeu a apresentar infiltrado inflamatório menos intenso comparado aos outros materiais. Após 60 dias, não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos na maioria dos parâmetros avaliados. Entretanto, observou-se que o EndoFill apresentou escores mais altos para os macrófagos em comparação ao controle (p<0,05) e que o GuttaFlow 2 apresentou tendência a escores mais baixos que os demais materiais para as variáveis neutrófilos e abscesso. O GuttaFlow 2 apresentou propriedades biológicas apropriadas e pode ser considerado adequado para a prática clínica.

Sealing ability of different versions of GuttaFlow2 in comparison to GuttaFlow and AH Plus

Introduction and objective: GuttaFlow2 is a further development of the silicone sealer GuttaFlow, exhibiting a stiffer consistency. This is intended to overcome possible problems regarding retention of the apical part of the root canal filling when preparing for a fiber post. GuttaFlow2 is delivered within a capsule, like GuttaFlow, or within an automix syringe. This study compared apical dye leakage of GuttaFlow2 in comparison to GuttaFlow and AH Plus. The null hypothesis tested was that different sealers exhibited similar microleakage. Material and methods: Seventy extracted human lower premolars with fully mature apices were root canal prepared to 45/.04 and divided into seven groups: group 1: AH Plus sealer, group 2: "normal" setting GuttaFlow, group 3: "fast" setting GuttaFlow, group 4: GuttaFlow2 within a capsule, group 5: GuttaFlow2 within an automix syringe, group 6: positive control, group 7: negative control (n = 10 each). Root canals were filled with sealer (except group 7) and a master gutta-percha cone size 40/.04 using the non-compaction technique. A dye penetration test was carried out by centrifugation for 3 min at 30 G within 5 % methylene blue dye. Linear dye penetration was recorded. Statistical evaluation was carried out with IBM SPSS 19.0 (α = 0.05). Results: The positive control was significantly different from all other groups (ANOVA, p < 0.001; Student-Newman-Keuls post-hoc test p < 0.05). When the control groups were disregarded, no significant differences were apparent. Groups 1 to 5 showed low leakage values when compared with results of earlier studies using a similar methodology. Conclusion: All sealers tested exhibited low dye leakage values.