Preliminary investigation of Blomia tropicalis breeding status in ground dust rice in Haikou City / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the Blomia tropicalis breeding status in the ground dust rice collected in Haikou City. Methods Totally 17 samples of ground dust rice were collected from 10 sampling sites in Haikou City. Then 10 g of dust rice was taken from each individual sample for isolation of the mites that were made of slide specimen, and the mites were identified and classified under a microscope. Results B. tropicalis mites were found in all the 17 samples with the detection rate of 100%. A total of 1 176 heads of B. tropicalis were isolated, with an average breeding density of 6.91 heads/g. Conclusion B. tropicalis breeding status is severe in Haikou City. The effective measures should be taken to prevent and control the harm associated with B. tropicalis contamination.

Prevalence and determinants of childhood obesity in Haikou, China: A cross-sectional study

Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors of rapidly increasing childhood obesity in Haikou, China. Methods: A total of 11 497 students from 227 classes in primary and secondary schools of Haikou were surveyed by questionnaires from October 2013 to December 2014 using the Stratified Random Cluster Sampling method. Height and weight of the students were measured. A total of 8 458 children aged 7-15 years old were selected for the prevalence analyzing of overweight/obesity and 7 836 for logistic stepwise regression analysis. Results: The rate of overweight and obesity were 10.5% and 7.4%, respectively. Out of the 33 investigated factors, 17 were associated with childhood obesity (P1) and 8 beneficial factors (OR<1). Birth weight (macrosomia), parent's obesity are the top three risk factors and children's breakfast hobby (soybean milk) and food taste (sweet), favorite diet style of the family (stewing) are beneficial factors. Conclusions: The overweight/obesity rate is already at a high level and early interventions are needed. The necessary tasks are to strengthen education on parents and children with prevention knowledge, appropriately reduce the learning burden, and control the average time of watching TV to less than 3 h a day.

An investigation of the prevalence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the population undergoing physical examination in Haikou, China / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Haikou, China and the association of NAFLD with metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components. MethodsA total of 18771 persons who underwent physical examination in Haikou People’s Hospital from September 2016 to August 2017 were enrolled. Body height, body weight, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, blood lipids, and liver function parameters were measured, and ultrasound examination was performed for the liver. The prevalence rate of NAFLD was calculated, and the association of NAFLD with MS and its components was analyzed. The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. ResultsOf all 18771 persons, 5715 had NAFLD, resulting in a prevalence rate of 30.45%; the prevalence rate of NAFLD was 41.74% in men and 1722% in women. Men aged 45-59 years had the highest prevalence rate of NAFLD, and women aged ≥45 years had the highest prevalence rate. Men had a significantly higher prevalence rate of moderate NAFLD than women (8.10% vs 1.19%, χ2=476.1, P＜0.001). Men with obesity and overweight had a higher prevalence rate of NAFLD, and women with obesity had a higher prevalence rate; in both men and women, there was a significant difference in the prevalence rate of NAFLD between groups with different levels of body mass index (BMI) (χ2=2111，1917，all P＜0.001). NAFLD patients had significantly higher BMI, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase than non-NAFLD patients (t=41.276, 32.339, 31.487, 12.185, 9.716, 38.382, 26.350, 25.291, and 15.008, all P＜0.001). ConclusionThere is a high prevalence rate of NAFLD in people undergoing physical examination in Haikou, and men tend to have a higher prevalence rate than women. NAFLD is closely associated with MS and its components.

Resistance to pyrethroid insecticides and analysis of knockdown resistance (kdr) gene mutations in Aedes albopictus from Haikou City / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the resistance to deltamethrin and permethrin in Aedes albopictus in Haikou City, and to detect the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutants of A. albopictus, elucidating the association of resistant phenotype with kdr mutation. Methods The A. albopictus samples were collected from Xinfu Island, Longtang Town, Shishan Town, Baishamen Park, and the flower market in Haikou City. Their susceptibility to deltamethrin and permethrin was tested by larval bioassay. The resistance level was determined by the R/S ratio. The kdr gene was amplified and analyzed, and the relationship between the resistant phenotype and kdr mutation was determined by Chi-square test. Results The A. albopictus samples from the flower market and Baishamen Park showed resistance to deltamethrin and permethrin, of which the flower market population had an R/S ratio of up to 436.36, indicating a high level of resistance. The A. albopictus samples from Longtang Town and Shishan Town were sensitive to permethrin, but had low (R/S ratio, 9.09) and moderate (18.18) degrees of resistance to deltamethrin, respectively. The Xinfu Island population was sensitive to both deltamethrin and permethrin. The codon 1 534 kdr was detected point mutations among 317 A. albopictus samples, with two mutant alleles, TGC/C and TCC/S. The five genotypes were wild-type TTC/TTC (frequency, 62.15%), wild/mutant heterozygous TTC/TGC (0.63%) and TTC/TCC (16.09%), homozygous mutant TCC/TCC (20.82%), and mutant heterozygous TGC/TCC (0.32%). Chi-square test revealed significant differences in the frequency of kdr mutant genotype between A. albopictu sensitive to the insecticides (31.97%) and those resistant to the insecticides (42.94%), P <0.05. Conclusion Some A. albopictus populations in Haikou City have developed resistance to both deltamethrin and permethrin. The resistant phenotype and kdr mutant genotype are closely associated. This study has also discovered for the first time the novel TCC/S point mutation of kdr.

The investigation of reference intervals of thyroid hormone within 18-60 years old healthy people in Haikou area / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To establish the reference intervals for thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) ,triiodothyronine(T3 ) ,thy-roxine(T4 ) ,free triiodothyronine(FT3 ) and free thyroxine(FT4 ) in healthy people aged between 18 and 60 years old in Haikou are-a .Methods According to the recommendations of clinical and laboratory standards institute(CLSI)C28-A3 document ,401 persons aged between 18 and 60 years old were recruited from Haikou(275 male ,126 female) .The makers were analyzed by gender .Estab-lished the reference intervals of TSH ,T3 ,T4 ,FT3 and FT4 in Haikou area .Results Reference intervals based on gender were estab-lished as TSH(0 .58-4 .60 mIU/L) ,T3 (1 .11-2 .31 nmol/L for male ,0 .97-2 .13 nmol/L for female) ,T4 (72 .24-152 .22 nmol/L ) ,FT3 (4 .17-6 .33 pmol/L for male ,3 .95-5 .47 pmol/L for female) ,FT4 (13 .16-21 .29 pmol/L for male ,12 .13-19 .61 pmol/L for female) .Conclusion This study has established the reference intervals of TSH ,T3 ,T4 ,FT3 and FT4 in healthy people aged between 18 and 60 years old in Haikou area .