RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Panic disorder (PD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) can occur concurrently, despite different clinical manifestations. Because MDD and PD patients tend to have more complicated conditions, understanding the co-occurrence and pattern of these conditions is important. Here, we investigated the influence of PD and MDD on each other, with respect to time interval. METHODS: Data from three national representative surveys were pooled (total 18,807 respondents), and the age of onset (AOO) of PD and MDD was analyzed. We performed Kaplan-Meier analysis to estimate separate survival functions, using the AOO of MDD and PD as the outcome. To understand the temporal effect of other disorders, we used a Cox proportional hazard model to estimate the hazard ratios for the onset of MDD/PD with other comorbidities as time-dependent covariates. RESULTS: PD elevated the risk of subsequent MDD by 1.5-fold, whereas MDD elevated the risk of subsequent PD by 3.8-fold. The effect of such an elevation risk was significant for up to 2 years. CONCLUSION: The results revealed a bidirectional relationship between MDD and PD. Each disease represents a risk of a subsequent occurrence of the other, which lasts for a considerable duration.
Assuntos
Humanos , Idade de Início , Comorbidade , Transtorno Depressivo Maior , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Coreia (Geográfico) , Transtorno de Pânico , Pânico , Modelos de Riscos ProporcionaisRESUMO
Compare the risks between multiple groups and to avoid bias, using arbitrary reference group. Floating absolute risks (FAR) is used to estimate the relative hazard ratios and to get the confidence intervals. From the example, FAR can describe the construction of standard error for all groups. It gets the relative hazard ratios and 95 % confidence intervals between any two groups; even if neither is used as baseline data. FAR can eliminate the bias in comparison of any two groups by selecting a baseline group. It is useful in many epidemiologieal studies.