Effectivity of Camellia sinensis Extract with Nano-chitosan to Fibroblast Amounts of Wistar Rats Gingival Wound Healing Process

ABSTRACT@#Green tea (Camellia sinensis) has high level of flavonoids which are proven to have anti-inflammatory activity. Effect of flavonoids can be enhanced by nano-chitosan capsulation as drug carrier. Chitosan is polysaccharide derived from crustacean shells that mostly used as matrix of various drugs and plant extracts. The aim of this study was to determine the effectivity of flavonoids in green tea extract in nanochitosan capsulation towards the number of fibroblasts on proliferative phase of gingival wound healing process. Green tea was extracted, encapsulated with nano-chitosan and then made into gel. Gingiva labial of 24 male white 3-month-old Wistar rats were wounded by punch biopsy (2 mm diameter), then were treated two times a day, and were divided randomly into four groups of topical gel applications: green tea extract gel encapsulated nano-chitosan, green tea extract gel, base gel as negative control, and NSAIDs gel as positive control, starting at 0 day until 7th day. At 5th and 7th day, three rats from each group were decapitated and the mandibular gingiva was taken in order to make histology slides with hematoxylin eosin staining. Under microscope, the number of fibroblasts were examined. The data were analysed using ANOVA test with 95% confidence level. The results showed that the number of fibroblasts on proliferative phase was significantly higher than control negative (p < 0.05) and has no significant differences (p > 0.05) with control positive. In conclusion, topical application of green tea extract gel encapsulated nano-chitosan was effective to accelerate rats gingival wound healing process by increasing the fibroblasts.

Células-tronco mesenquimais de origem adiposa na fase de proliferação do processo de cicatrização de queimaduras frias / Adipose-derived stem cells in the proliferation phase of the healing process in cold burns

A criocirurgia tem sido utilizada no tratamento de diferentes enfermidades de sistemas e órgãos. Contudo, são relatados efeitos adversos, como cicatrização lenta, cicatrizes extensas, disfunção estética e funcional. As lesões que ocorrem naturalmente pela exposição ao frio extremo, comumente, resultam em gangrena. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência das células-tronco mesenquimais de origem adiposa (ADSCs) na fase de proliferação da cicatrização de feridas cutâneas. Por meio da aplicação do nitrogênio líquido pela técnica do spray aberto, realizou-se a indução de uma ferida, de aproximadamente 15mm de diâmetro, na região dorsal de cada rato. A ferida recebeu o tratamento de acordo com o grupo ao qual pertencia: 1) aplicação das ADSCs no 15º dia (grupo tratado); 2) aplicação da solução cloreto de sódio 0,9% no 15º dia (grupo sham); 3) nenhuma intervenção até o momento da eutanásia (grupo controle). O grupo tratado com as ADSCs apresentou as maiores taxas de contração média das feridas e obteve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação ao grupo sham quanto à neovascularização. A terapia com as ADSCs proporcionou uma relevante evolução clínica das feridas, podendo ser constatada ao final do período de avaliação por cicatrizes mais estreitas e compridas.(AU)

Cryosurgery has been used to treat different diseases of systems and organs, although adverse effects have been reported such as delayed wound healing, large scars, esthetical deformation and functional impairment. Injuries caused naturally by the exposure to extreme cold weather conditions mostly result in gangrene. This study aims to evaluate the influence of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in the proliferation phase on cutaneous wound healing. Through the application of liquid nitrogen by the spraying technique, a 15 millimeter diameter lesion was produced in the dorsal region of each rat. The wound received treatment according to the group it belonged: 1) ADSCs application on the 15th day (treated group); 2) application of 0.9% sodium chloride solution on the 15th day (sham group); 3) no intervention until euthanasia (control group). The group treated with ADSCs showed the highest wound average contraction rate; this group got a significant statistical difference in relation to the sham group when it refers to neovascularization. The ADSCs therapy provides an important clinical evolution of wounds. This was verified at the end of the evaluation period through narrower and longer scars.(AU)

Effects of skin-resident regulatory T cells on wound healing after burn injury / 解放军医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the effect of skin-resident regulatory T cells (Tregs) on wound healing after burn injury. Methods: 60 Foxp3DTR mice and 60 wild-type C57BL/6 mice were included in the present study. The Foxp3DTRdiphtheria toxin (DT) injection group (F-DT group) and the wild-type DT injection group (C-DT group) were further divided into early (n=9) and late (n=9) groups according to the random number table method. In the early group, mice were injected intraperitoneally with DT during the early stage (-1, 0 and 3rd days ofter injury) after burns, while in the late group, mice were injected at the late stage (5th, 7th and 9th days after injury). We took photos of mouse wounds at different time points, and measured the wound area to assess wound healing rate. After HE staining, re-epithelialization of the wound was observed under light microscope. In addition, flow cytometry was used to analyze changes in local infiltration and functional expression of Tregs in skin of wild-type mice at different time points after burns. Results: Compared with the C-DT group, the rate of burn wound healing in the F-DT early group was significantly reduced (P0.05). In comparison to the C-DT group, HE staining in the F-DT early group revealed slower wound closure process and slower scar formation and crusting process, together with faster granulation tissue formation and obvious slower angiogenesis and re-epithelialization. Using flow cytometry to analyzing the infiltration of skin Tregs, CD4+Foxp3+T cells were significantly increased after burns, and gradually returned to basal level after reaching peak on day 5 (P<0.05). While CD25+Treg cells were markedly decreased to baselines after peaking on day 3 (P<0.05). In addition, CTLA- 4 expressions of skin Tregs was significantly enhanced after burns, and peaked on day 3 after burns, then gradually decreased to baseline values (P<0.05), while ICOS reached peak on day 5 postburn, and gradually decreased to normal range on day 11 (P<0.05). Conclusion: The skin Tregs appear to be infiltrated into the wounds during the early stage after injury, which might contributes to promoting wound healing following burns.

Impact of Eel Flour (Monopterus albus) on the Acceleration of Fracture Healing Process in Rattus norvegicus Wistar Albino Rat

@#Introduction: Worldwide fractures among individuals are a major public health problem. As a result, fracture are the most common cause of severe enduring pain and physical disability, and they affect innumerable globally. It has been studied that nutrients that contain high protein helps in the fracture healing process. Eels contains many nutrients, such as phosphate, calcium, protein, collagen and amino acids that can help bone growth. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of eel flour (Monopterus albus) at multilevel dose content to accelerate the healing process of fracture in male Rattus novergicus Wistar Albino rat. Methods: This study design include experimental study with post-test only on controls group. The wok was conducted from May-June 2019 in the Laboratory of Anatomy of Stikes Piala Sakti Pariaman. The sampling was purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 24 rats. Results: The results of the ANOVA test have proved that administration of eel flour accelerates the healing process of the fracture showing 0.000, followed by Post Hoc LSD to determine the test of significant differences between groups. Conclusion: It was observed that with the increase in the dose of flour given to Wistar Albino rat fracture healing process became faster. From the present study it was evident that consumption of eel flour can accelerate the process of fracture healing. But there is need for further testing on humans as an effort to test the safety of the dose.

Evaluation of skeletal muscle regeneration in experimental model after malnutrition / Avaliação da regeneração do músculo esquelético em modelo experimental após desnutrição

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze muscle regeneration after cryoinjury in the tibialis anterior muscle of young rats that were malnourished and then recovered. Forty Wistar rats were divided into a nourished group that received a normal protein diet (14% casein) for 90 days and a malnourished and recovered rats group (MR) that was submitted to 45 days of malnutrition with a hypoproteic diet (6% casein) followed by 45 days of a normal protein diet (14% casein). After the recovery period, all of the animals underwent cryoinjury in the right tibialis anterior muscle and euthanasia after 7, 14 and 21 days. The amount of connective tissue and the inflammation area was higher in the malnutrition recovered injury MR group (MRI) at 14 days post-injury (p < 0.05). Additionally, the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the regenerated fibers was decreased in the MRI (p < 0.05). The MyoD and myogenin protein levels were higher in the nourished injury group. Similar levels of TGF-β1 were found between groups. The proposed malnutrition protocol was effective in showing delayed changes in the regeneration process of the tibialis anterior muscle of young rats. Furthermore, we observed a delay in muscle repair even after nutritional recovery.

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a regeneração muscular após criolesão no músculo tibial anterior de ratos jovens desnutridos e recuperados. Foram utilizados 40 ratos da linhagem Wistar, divididos em 2 grupos: ratos nutridos receberam dieta normoproteica (14% de caseína) por 90 dias; e ratos desnutridos e recuperado submetidos a duas fases nutricionais pós-desmame, correspondendo a 45 dias de desnutrição com dieta hipoproteica (6% caseína), seguida por 45 dias de dieta normoproteica (14% caseína). Ao completar a fase de recuperação, todos os animais foram submetidos à criolesão no músculo tibial anterior direito e a eutanasia ocorreu 7, 14 e 21 dias após a lesão. A quantidade de tecido conjuntivo e a área de inflamação 14 dias pós-lesão foi maior no grupo desnutrido, recuperado e lesado (MRI – malnourished, recovered and injured group) (p < 0,05). A área de secção transversa (AST) das fibras regeneradas do grupo MRI foi menor (p < 0,05). O conteúdo das proteínas MyoD e Miogenina foi maior no grupo nutridos e lesados. A citocina TGF-β1 não apresentou diferença entre os grupos. O protocolo proposto foi eficaz para demonstrar alterações no processo de regeneração do músculo tibial anterior de ratos jovens, atrasando o reparo muscular mesmo após a recuperação nutricional.

Effects of topical application of pure and ozonized andiroba oil on experimentally induced wounds in horses / Efeitos do uso tópico do óleo de andiroba puro e ozonizado em feridas induzidas em cavalos

The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and histopathological aspects of topical application of pure and ozonized andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis Aublet.) on the healing process of wounds in healthy horses. Eight 6.25 cm2 wounds were surgically produced on each horse, from the cranial region to the sacrum, being four wounds on each side of the lumbar region. In three animals, left side was used for macroscopic observations and area measurement and right side was used for histopathological analysis. For the other two animals, evaluations were inverted. The beginning of the topical treatment occurred 12 hours after surgical induction of the injuries and was maintained daily until complete healing of the wounds, using saline solution (GC), ozonized saline solution (GO) sequentially and bilaterally in the craniocaudal direction, pure andiroba oil (GAP) and ozonized andiroba oil (GAO). Randomly, the sequence of the treatments was modified. Macroscopic and histopathological analyses were performed at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery. The time for complete healing of all wounds was recorded. A wound contraction of 67.75% for GC, 65.26% for GO, 67.91% for GAP, and 69.84% for GAO were recorded. Histopathologic evaluation revealed that wounds from the GAO and GAP had an advanced epithelialization, fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition, moderate vascular proliferation, and presence of PMN infiltrate and discrete viewing of MN. It was possible to conclude that all treatments had benefits when comparing to control group, concluding that both pure and ozonized andiroba oil may be good options for treating wounds in horses.(AU)

Este trabalho realizou uma avaliação clínica e histopatológica da aplicação tópica do óleo de andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aublet), puro e ozonizado, no processo de cicatrização de feridas em cinco equinos saudáveis. Oito feridas de 6,25 cm2 foram induzidas cirurgicamente, quatro de cada lado da região lombar, craniais em relação à região sacral. Em três animais, o lado esquerdo foi destinado à avaliação macroscópica e mensuração de área, enquanto o lado direito foi destinado à análise histopatológica. Nos outros dois animais, as avaliações foram invertidas. O tratamento tópico foi iniciado 12 horas após a indução cirúrgica e foi mantido diariamente até a completa cicatrização das feridas. Foram usados, sequencialmente e bilateralmente, no sentido craniocaudal: solução salina (GC), solução salina ozonizada (GO), óleo de andiroba puro (GAP) e óleo de andiroba ozonizado (GAO). Aleatoriamente, a sequência de tratamentos foi modificada. As análises macroscópicas e microscópicas foram realizadas 3, 7, 14 e 21 dias após a cirurgia, e o tempo total para cicatrização registrado. A contração da ferida foi de 67,75% para GC, 65,26% para GO, 67,91% para GAP, e 69,84% para GAO. A avaliação histopatológica demonstrou que as feridas tratadas com GAO e GAP apresentaram uma avançada epitelização, proliferação fibroblástica e deposição de colágeno, moderada proliferação vascular e presença de infiltrados de células polimorfonucleares (PMN) e discreta proliferação de células mononucleares (MN). Foi possível concluir que todos os tratamentos usados foram benéficos perante o grupo de controle, mostrando que as versões pura e ozonizada do óleo de andiroba representam alternativas terapêuticas ao tratamento de feridas em equinos.(AU)

Effects of enteral nutrition assisted therapy in preventing postoperative anastomotic fistula in patients with esophageal cancer and its influence on immunity,healing process and nutritional recovery / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of enteral nutrition assisted therapy in preventing postoperative anastomotic fistula in patients with esophageal cancer and its influence on immunity,healing process and nutritional recovery.Methods: The clinical data of 90 cases of patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed.According to the mode of postoperative nutritional support,the patients were divided into group A(n=34),B(n=30)and C(n=26)three groups.Group A was treated by immune-enhancing enteral nutrition(Supportan)assisted therapy.Group B was treated with routine enternal nutrition(Nutrison Fibre)assisted therapy.Both of the two groups were treated with 25%,50% and 100% of the full dose on the 1st,2nd and 3rd-7th day after surgery.Later,the dose was reduced day by day till normal diet.Group C was treated by parenteral nutrition assisted therapy.Since the 1st day after surgery,patients in group C were intravenously injected with glucose,vita min and a mino acid mixed liquid calculated by 125.52 kJ/kg.8-10 d later,patients gradually transited to the normal diet.The incidence rates of anastomotic fistula,pulmonary infection and incision infection,wound healing time,total hospitalization time and initial exhaust time were observed and compared between the three groups.The changes of immune index [T lymphocytes and its subsets(CD3+,CD4+,CD8+)],inflammatory factors[C reactive protein(CRP),IL-6]and nutrition indexes[serum total protein(TP),albumin(ALB)]before surgery,on the 1st and 8th day after surgery were recorded.Results: ①There were significant differences in the incidence rates of postoperative anastomotic fistula and pulmonary infection between the three groups(P0.05).On the 8th day after surgery,the nutrition indexes in the three groups were still significantly lower than those before surgery.However,those in group A and B were significantly higher than those in group C(P0.05).The levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ in the other two groups were lower than those before surgery while CD8+ level was higher than that before surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion: To apply enteral nutrition assisted therapy in patients with esophageal cancer after surgery can effectively improve the prognosis.It has positive effects on shortening the healing process,improving the immune function and improving the nutritional status.

Fibrina rica en plaquetas (FRP): Una alternativa terapéutica en odontología

El objetivo de esta revisión, fue describir de una manera sencilla las principales características de la Fibrina Rica en Plaquetas (FRP), su composición, propiedades y aplicación clínica. La FRP, biomaterial autógeno y concentrado plaquetario de segunda generación, es una matriz de fibrina que contiene leucocitos, plaquetas y factores de crecimiento, que son necesarios para los procesos de cicatrización, lo que brinda a este biomaterial, una gran utilidad en diversas áreas de la salud, incluyendo la odontología. Con esta revisión concluimos que la FRP es una alternativa real para mejorar la cicatrización de procedimientos quirúrgicos y potenciar otros biomateriales regenerativos en diversas áreas de la odontología, además de su accesibilidad y bajo costo.

The aim of this review was to describe in a simple way the main characteristics of platelet rich Fibrin (PRF), its composition, properties and clinical application. PRF, biomaterial autologous and platelet concentrate of second generation, is a fibrin matrix containing leukocytes, platelets and growth factors, which are necessary for the healing process, giving to this biomaterial, very useful in various areas of health, including dentistry. With this review, we conclude that FRP is a real alternative to improve healing of surgical procedures and enhance other regenerative biomaterials in several areas of dentistry, in addition to accessibility and low cost.

Effectiveness of Lawsonia inermis L. Leaves Methanol Extracts on Gingivitis Healing (In vivo Study on Sprague dawley Rats).

Lawsonia inermis L. leaves has been used to healing wound and antibacterial caused of active content like essential oils, steroids, triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids and tannins. Lawsonia inermis L. leaves methanol extract showed effective against S. sanguinis with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) at 31.250 µg/mL and no toxic as tested in mice and human gingival fibroblasts. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of L. inermis L. leaves methanol extracts to heal gingivitis in Sprague dawley rats. Forty subjects were divided into group A (n=30) and B (n=10). A group created artificial inflammation in the mandibular labial gingiva with 10% H2O2. Group A was divided into 3 groups of treatment, positive, and negative control groups. Treatment groups were given Lawsonia inermis L. leaves methanol extract in 3 concentrations (62.500, 31.250, and 15.625 μg/mL). Positive and negative control groups were given povidone Iodine 1% and aquabidest respectively. Group B as an healthy rats group was divided into 15.625 μg/mL concentration and aquabidest groups. Histopathological changes were observed on day 3 by the condition of gingival epithelium, epithelial connective tissue relationships, and the distribution of inflammatory cells. Statistic analysis showed no difference in healing between the three concentrations of Lawsonia inermis L. leaves methanol extract and povidone iodine (α=0.694>0.05) while there were differences among the 3 concentrations. Higher concentration (62.500 µg/mL) can accelerate the inflammatory cells reduction and epithelial connective tissue relationships repair. It was concluded that Lawsonia inermis L. leaves methanol extract can heal gingivitis at concentration up to 62.500 µg/mL.

Monitoring Nonsurgical and Surgical Root Canal Treatment of Teeth with Primary and Secondary Infections

The aim of this study was to monitor nonsurgical and surgical root canal treatment (RCT) of teeth with primary and secondary infections and apical periodontitis (AP). This prospective clinical study comprised the treatment of 80 patients with primary and persistent secondary infections and AP. Of this initial sample, forty patients did not return. Periapical index using cone beam computed tomography scans (CBCTPAI) was used to aid diagnosis, planning and to determine the better therapeutic strategy. Twenty patients (26 teeth) diagnosed with primary infection and AP received conventional RCT and were followed up for 10 to 36 months. Twenty patients (31 teeth) diagnosed with persistent secondary infection were submitted to periapical surgical and followed up for 6 to 30 months. The results showed RCT successful in 19/26 cases with complete AP healing (5/26 with partial repair) in 10-36 months of follow up. For the surgically managed cases, effectiveness of surgical therapy was detected in 10/31 cases with complete healing (10/31 cases with partial repair) within 6-30 months follow up. The return of patients for clinical and radiographic follow-up, and obedience to the proposed time period was very short from ideal. The levels of success in both therapeutic protocols were high. RCT failures were detected even with rigorous standard clinical protocols.

O objetivo do estudo foi monitorar tratamentos de canais radiculares (TCR) convencionais e com auxílio de cirurgia periapical. Este estudo prospectivo constituiu de 80 pacientes portadores de infecções primárias e secundárias persistentes e periodontite apical (PA). O índice periapical utilizando tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (CBCTPAI) foi utilizado como auxiliar no diagnóstico, planejamento e para determinar a melhor estratégia terapêutica. Apenas 40 pacientes retornaram para o TCR. Em 20 pacientes (26 dentes) com diagnósticos de infecções primárias e PA foram feitos TCR convencionais e monitoramentos por 10 a 36 meses. Em 20 pacientes (31 dentes) com diagnósticos de infecções secundárias persistentes foram submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos e acompanhamentos durante 6 a 30 meses. Os resultados mostraram TCR bem sucedidos em 19 de 26 casos, com curas completas das PA (5 de 26 com reparação parcial) em controles de 10 a 36 meses. Para os casos de tratamentos cirúrgicos foram detectadas eficácias das terapêuticas cirúrgicas em 10 de 31 casos com curas completas (10 de 31 casos com reparação parcial) em controles de 6 a 30 meses. O retorno dos pacientes para controle clínico e radiográfico e a obediência ao período de tempo proposto está muito aquém do ideal. Os níveis de sucesso em ambos os protocolos terapêuticos se mostraram elevados. Fracassos no TCR foram detectados mesmo utilizando protocolo clínico com rigoroso padrão.

Estudo da cicatrização de suturas na bexiga urinária de ratos com e sem a utilização de extrato bruto de Jatropha gossypiifolia intraperitoneal / Study of wound healing in the urinary bladder of rats with and without the use of crude extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia intraperitoneal

A cicatrização constitui processo complexo envolvendo diferentes sistemas biológicos e imunológicos , sendo essencial para manter a integridade do organismo. Três fases bem definidas ocorrem, a inflamatória, a proliferativa e a de maturação. A falha ou prolongamento em uma fase pode resultar em retardo da cicatrização tecidual. A sutura dos tecidos e sua cicatrização é um dos fundamentos básicos da cirurgia e a procura de substâncias que melhorem este processo é um desafio constante. O uso de substâncias de plantas têm sido testados por vários autores. Objetivo - Analisar comparativamente as alterações macroscópicas e histológicas proporcionadas pelo uso do extrato bruto da Jatropha gossypiifolia intraperitonial, na cicatrização de suturas realizadas na bexiga urinária de ratos. Material e método – Sessenta ratos da linhagem Wistar, adultos, machos foram distribuídos em 2 grupos animais. O procedimento experimental constituiu-se em laparotomia mediana infraumbelical, incisão longitudinal de 1cm na parede ventral da bexiga e síntese em plano único com pontos separados de poliglactina 910 5-0 (Ethicon). O procedimento nos animais do grupo controle (ratos 1 a 30) instilou-se na cavidade peritonial água destilada na proporção de 1ml por kg de peso e no grupo Jatropha (ratos 31 a 60) utiilizou-se o extrato bruto de Jatropha gossypiifolia na proporção de 1ml por kg de peso, que representava 200mg do fototerápico, intraperitoneal. Cada grupo foi dividido em 3 subgrupos de 10 animais sendo estes submetidos à eutanásia no 7° e 14º pós-operatório. Foi feita análise macroscópica e histológica comparativa entre os subgrupos . Resultados - No 7° dia foi observado diferença estatisticamente significativa nas variáveis inflamação aguda, neoformação vascular e colagenização, sendo a primeira maior no grupo controle e as duas últimas no grupo Jatropha; no 14° variáveis inflamação aguda e proliferação fibroblástica apresentaram-se mais intensas com significado estatístico ...

The healing process is quite complex, involving different biological and immunological systems and being essential for maintaining the organism integrity. Three well-defined stages take place: inflammatory, proliferate and that of maturation. Failure or lengthening of a phase could result in a delay of tissue healing. The suture of tissues and their healing process is one of the basic fundamentaIs of surgery, and the research on substances which bring an improvement of the process is an ongoing challenge. The use of plant substances has been tested by several researchers. Study Aim - To comparatively analyze the macroscopic and histological alterations brought about by the use of intraperitoneal Jatropha gossypiifolia gross extract, in the healing process of sutures performed on the bladder of rats. Material and Method – Sixty (60) adult, male, Wister rats were distributed into two animal groups. The experimental procedure constituted of infraumbilical median laparatomy, 1 cm longitudinal incision on the bladder ventral wall, and single plane synthesis with separarate polyglactine 910 5-0 (Ethicon) stitches. The procedure for the control group (1 to 30) was peritoneal cavity instillation of distilled water at a ratio of 1 ml/kg/weight, and a 1 ml/kg/weight of Jatropha gossypiifolia extract for the Jatropha group (rats 31 to 60), which represented 200 mg of the intraperitoneal phytotherapical. Each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups of 10 animaIs, being submitted to euthanasia on days 7, 14 and 21 post-surgery. Comparative histological and macroscopic analysis was undertaken between the subgroups. Results – Statistically significant difference for the acute inflammation variables, vascular neoformation, and bonding was observed on day 7, the first being greater in the control group, and the latter two being greater in the Jatropha group; acute inflammation variables and fibroblastic proliferation presented more intense on day 14, with statistical ...

Atividade antibacteriana e cicatrizante do óleo de buriti Mauritia flexuosa L. / Antibacterial and healing activities of buriti oil Mauritia flexuosa L.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana in vitro e cicatrizante do óleo de buriti (M. flexuosa) em feridas realizadas em ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus). Para a avaliação antibacteriana in vitro, foram utilizados cinco patógenos bacterianos incluindo espécies gram-positivas e espécies gram-negativas mediante o uso do método de difusão em ágar. Para a avaliação da atividade cicatrizante, foram utilizados 40 ratos da linhagem Wistar, divididos em dois grupos: o grupo I, composto por 20 ratos com feridas cutâneas, tratados com aplicação tópica do creme base com 10 por cento de óleo de buriti, e o grupo II, controle, com o mesmo número de animais que receberam a aplicação tópica do creme base. A aplicação do produto foi realizada em feridas padronizadas, circulares de 1cm de diâmetro na região dorsolombar. As avaliações clínica, morfométrica e histopatológica das feridas foram realizadas no 3°, 7°, 14° e 21° dias. Em relação à avaliação da atividade antibacteriana, os resultados mostraram que houve inibição do crescimento bacteriano em quatro dos cinco patógenos testados. Em relação à área da ferida, foi observada redução significativa da área no 14o dia e maior percentual de contração das feridas do grupo tratado em relação ao controle. No décimo quarto dia, as feridas tratadas com o óleo do buriti apresentavam aumento significativo na contagem de fibroblastos e fibras colágenas, além de completo processo de reepitelização, enquanto o grupo controle necessitava de mais tempo para resolução do processo cicatricial.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity and wound healing effect of buriti oil (M. flexuosa) in rats. To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity, five species of bacteria, including both gram-negative and gram-positive, were tested by the agar diffusion method. To assess the wound healing effect, 40 rats of Wistar lineage were clustered into two groups: G1, composed by 20 rats with cutaneous wounds and treated using topic administration of basic cream containing 10 percent of buriti oil; and G2 or control group, composed by 20 rats with cutaneous wounds and treated using topic administration of basic cream without any buriti oil. The cream administration was performed on circular wounds of 1 cm area in the lumbodorsal region. Clinical, histopathologic and morphometric evaluations of the wounds were done in 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21th days. Four from five bacteria species tested had growing inhibition, which demonstrates the antimicrobial potential of buriti oil. A significant reduction on the wound area with contraction of the edges was found for G1 in the 14th day. On this same day, the wounds treated using buriti oil showed an increase in the fibroblasts and collagen fibers countings and complete reephitelialization, characteristics not demonstrated by G2.

Serum total and bone alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activities for the assessment of bone fracture healing in dogs / Fosfatase alcalina total, isoenzima óssea da fosfatase alcalina e fosfatase ácida resistente ao tartarato na monitorização da cicatrização de fraturas ósseas

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o padrão de variação da atividade sérica da fosfatase alcalina total (tALP), da isoenzima óssea da fosfatase alcalina (BALP) e da fosfatase ácida resistente ao tartarato (TRAP), assim como a variação da concentração dos minerais séricos durante o processo de cicatrização de fraturas ósseas no cão. A variação sérica destes marcadores do metabolismo ósseo foi avaliada em nove cães com fraturas diafisárias fechadas de ossos longos, submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico para osteosíntese. Durante o período pós-operatório, sete animais evoluíram no sentido de uma normal união óssea, sendo que dois deles desenvolveram um processo de não união óssea. Foram observados, relativamente à BALP, valores de actividade sérica mais elevados e com diferença estatística (P<0,05) no grupo de animais que evoluiu no sentido de uma normal união óssea, comparativamente ao grupo de animais que evoluiu no sentido do processo de não união. No grupo de animais que evoluiu para a completa união óssea foram, adicionalmente, observados valores diminuidos (P<0,05) da atividade sérica da TRAP, até ao dia 60 do período pós-operatório seguido de uma elevação estatisticamente significativa após este período. Em conclusão, os biomarcadores do metabolismo ósseo poderão vir a constituir um método auxiliar de diagnóstico na monitorização do processo de cicatrização de fracturas ósseas, possibilitando, a detecção precoce de complicações pós-operatórias.

Short-Term Healing Process of Artificial Ulcers after Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The relationship between the appearance of an ulcer and postoperative bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is not well understood. To explore this potential relationship, we retrospectively analyzed the short-term healing process of ESD. METHODS: A total of 520 consecutive lesions in 434 patients seen between January 2004 and December 2009 were retrospectively investigated. At the second-look endoscopy, which occurred between 1 and 8 days after ESD, artificial ulcers were categorized into 6 patterns according to Forrest's classification: spurting bleeding, oozing bleeding, non-bleeding visible vessel, adherent clot, black base/spot, and clean base. From these data, a short-term healing model of the artificial ulcer was generated. RESULTS: Ulcer base changed gradually from a bloody to a clean one. The bleeding or non-bleeding visible vessel categories, which occurred in approximately one quarter of the ulcers within 3 days of ESD, were rarely observed 4 days after ESD. CONCLUSIONS: Ulcers that occur after gastric ESD heal in line with a specific time course, and it appears that most healing occurs without massive bleeding.

Avaliação da atividade cicatrizante do óleo de pequi (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm) em feridas cutâneas produzidas experimentalmente em ratos / Evaluation of the healing activity of pequi (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm) oil in cutaneous wounds induced experimentally in rats

O objetivo deste estudo foi demonstrar os efeitos do tratamento tópico do creme à base de óleo de pequi (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm) utilizando 40 ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus) da linhagem Wistar, machos, com 60 dias de idade. Esses foram divididos em dois grupos: I) composto por 20 ratos com feridas cutâneas tratados com aplicação tópica do creme base com 10% de óleo de pequi; II) com o mesmo número de animais que receberam a aplicação tópica do creme base sem o óleo de pequi. Após antissepsia e anestesia local foi produzida cirurgicamente ferida circular de 1 cm de diâmetro na região dorso lombar. As lesões cutâneas foram avaliadas sob o aspecto clínico, morfométrica e histológico no 3o, 7o, 14o e 21o dias pós-operatório. No grupo tratado com creme à base de óleo de pequi houve aceleração na evolução do processo cicatricial. As feridas dos animais desse grupo apresentaram redução significativa a partir do décimo quarto dia pós-operatório, bem como foram verificados nesse período achados histológicos característicos da etapa final do processo de cicatrização tais como: acentuada quantidade de fibroblastos, fibras colágenas e completo processo de reepitelização, enquanto que as feridas do grupo controle necessitaram de mais tempo para resolução do processo cicatricial.

The main objective of this study was to demonstrate the effects of topical treatment with ointment containing pequi oil (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm), using 40 male 60-day-old mice (Rattus norvegicus albinus) from the Wistar line. These were divided into two groups: I) composed by 20 mice with cutaneous wounds treated by topical application of the ointment based on 10% pequi oil; II) the same number of mice, receiving the topical application of ointment without pequi oil. After antisepsis and local anesthesia, round 1-cm-diameter wounds were made on the lower back region. The wounds were evaluated in regard to clinical, morphometric and histological aspects on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st postoperative days. The group treated with the pequi ointment presented acceleration in the healing process. The animals' wounds of this group showed a meaningful reduction from the 14th postoperative day, when histological characteristics from the ending of the healing process were noted, such as a large amount of fibroblasts, collagen fibers and a complete process of reepithelialization, while the wounds of the control group needed more time for the healing process.

An Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Long Bone Fractures Using an Impulse Response Method / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: To establish the basis for a non-invasive and non-destructive assessment of the mechanical properties during natural fracture healing by analyzing the vibrational property of the fracture healing and comparing the vibrational property, the bone healing status (as determined by X-ray) and the mechanical strength parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The tibial shafts of rabbits were broken under general anesthesia. The rabbits were sacrificed at 2, 4, 6 weeks after the fracture, then X-rays of the fractured tibias were sequentially taken to detect the fracture healing. The vibration mode and the biomechanical strength were measured. RESULTS: According to the results of a multiple regression analysis, the standardized coefficients of callus, apposition, lateral angulation, DAMP1, FREQ1 in the fractured tibias, were -0.80, -0.23, -0.21, -0.25, -0.25. In normal contralateral tibias, the standardized coefficients of the area, FREQ1, DAMP1, FREQ2, DAMP3 were -0.73, 0.28, 0.41, 0.39, -0.25. CONCLUSION: A monitoring of the fracture healing process that utilizes the frequency response function is thought to be useful in detecting the early phase of healing within 4 weeks. Additional studies on the vibrational characteristics of the healing bones after a clinical union or after simillar pathologies should be pursued so that future diagnostic applications ca be made.

The Effects of Single Intraoperative Application of Mitomycin C Soaked Cottonoid on the Wound Healing

The histopathological changes were observed to evaluate the effect of single intraopferative application of mitomycin C soaked Cottonoid on wound healing process after strabismus surgery. A 3mm recession of the superior rectus muscle was performed after application of 0.5mg/ml mitomycin C soaked Cottonoid for 5 minutes in one eye of 15 rabbits(30 eyes) and was copiously irrigated with normal saline. The same procedure was done in the contralateral eye as a control using normal saline. The less amount of inflammatory cellular infiltration and the less granulomatous reaction to suture material were observed in mitomycin C treated eyes. The proliferation of fibroblast was considerably inhibited in mitomycin C-treated group. The postoperative adhesion, the fibrosis of extrocular muscle and the depositon of collagen fibers were also decreased in mitomycin C-treated group. Gross complications was not present in rabbit during 3 months of experiment. No pathologic sign of undesirable side effects was noted. In conclusion, the single intraoperative application of mitomycin C soaked Cottonoid could decrease the postoperative adhesion and extraocular muscle fibrosis through its inhibitory effects on the inflammatory reaction and fibroblast proliferation in strabismus surgery without any complications which were reported in subconjunctival injection of mitomycin C. Further studies investigating the optimal concentration, application method and time of mitomycin C soaked Cottonoid and its promising potential for use in humans are needed.

Effect of Diabetes Mellitus and Recombinant Bovine Basic-Fibroblast Growth Factor on Healing of Sciatic Nerve Defect in Rat / 대한정형외과학회잡지

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of diabetes mellitus and fibroblast growth factor(FGF) on healing process of nerve defect in rat. Sixty-three adult female Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 250g were divided into a control group(32) and a diabetic group(31). To make diabetic rats, Streptozotocin(50mg/kg) was injected into tail vein after dissolution in saline solution. Each group was further divided into two subgroups respectively, FGF and non-FGF, according to the filling material of the silicone tube. A 5mm segmental defect was made at right sciatic nerve. Both proximal and distal nerve ends were connected with 9mm long silicone tube with internal diameter of 1.57mm. The defect was filled with 10ul FGF(recombinant bovine basic-fibroblast growth factor: final concentration 400ng/ml)-collagen solution(FGF group) or 10ul collagen(Vitrogen 100: final concentration 2.4mg/ml) solution(non-FGF group). After 2 and 4 weeks, electromyographic studies including the latency and the amplitude of action potentials in soleus muscle of the operated limb were checked. After the sacrifice, the regenerated nerves were examined histologically after toluidine blue staining. Cross-sectional area, the number of myelinated axons, non-neuronal cells and vessels were recorded at mid-chamber cross section. Statistical analysis was carried out with the results. From these results, it would be suggested that diabetes mellitus retarded the healing process of sciatic nerve defect in rat, however FGF prompted and accelerated the healing process both in control and diabetic groups so as to overcome the adverse effect of diabetes mellitus.