Cambio de conducta activa de participantes del Programa Vida Sana / Active behaviour change of Vida Sana Program participants

RESUMEN. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la modificación de la conducta de los participantes del Programa Vida Sana, dirigido por el Ministerio de Salud de Chile (MINSAL) en relación a cuatro aspectos asociados al nivel de Actividad Física. Participaron 43 mujeres (entre 15 a 59 años) que ingresaron al programa que se realiza en un Centro de Salud Familiar (CESFAM) de la comuna de Chiguayante. Para el desarrollo del estudio se aplicó el Cuestionario Internacional del Actividad Física (IPAQ) en un pre y post test. El Grupo fue divido en cuatro subgrupos por rango etarios: Adolescentes 14 a 19 años, Jóvenes 20 a 29 años, Adulto-Joven 30 a 39 años y Adultos sobre 40 años. En base a los resultados obtenidos, estos arrojan un aumento significativo de los METS en los diferentes Dominios estudiados de cada categoría. Es decir, la conducta de los participantes, comparándolo con el pre y post test, manifestó un cambio conductual positivo en ellos al finalizar el programa.

ABSTRACT. The aim of this study is to analyze behavior modification of the Healthy Life Program participants, implemented by the Ministry of Health of Chile (MINSAL) related to four aspects associated with Physical Activity. Forty-three women participated (between 15 and 59 years old) who entered the program held in Family Health Center in Chiguayante County.To develop the study, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was applied in a pre and post-test. The Group was divided into four subgroups by age range: Adolescents 14 to 19 years, Youth 20 to 29 years, Adult-Youth 30 to 39 years, and Adults over 40 years. Based on the results obtained, these show a significant increase in METS in the different domains studied for each category. In other words, the participants' behavior, compared with the pre and post-test, showed a positive behavioral change.

DISTÚRBIO OSTEOMUSCULAR RELACIONADO AO TRABALHO: IDENTIFICAÇÃO DOS FATORES SOCIOECONÔMICOS E CLÍNICOS AUTORREFERIDOS POR TRABALHADORES DE SAÚDE DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO HOSPITALAR DO MUNICÍPIO DE ESPINOSA, MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL / WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDER: IDENTIFICATION OF SOCIOECONOMIC AND CLINICAL FACTORS SELF-REFERRED BY HEALTH WORKERS OF A HOSPITAL INSTITUTION OF THE CITY OF ESPINOSA, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL

Introdução: Os distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho podem repercutir em questões sociais e econômicas para o trabalhador, principalmente quando combinadas às incapacidades funcionais, afetando a sua capacidade produtiva e propiciando o seu afastamento laboral. Objetivo: Identificar os fatores socioeconômicos e clínicos autorreferidos por trabalhadores de saúde de uma instituição hospitalar quanto aos distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho. Método: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e prospectivo, na qual a amostra compreendeu 22 profissionais de saúde de um hospital. Foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado como instrumento de coleta de dados. Resultado: Prevalência de profissionais jovens do sexo feminino, idade média de 32,27 anos, tempo de serviço médio de 6,89 anos. Apenas 31,8% relataram ter sintomas. Destes, 85,7% relatou dor de coluna. Não houve desenvolvimento de limitações e/ou incapacidades. O risco ergonômico foi unanimemente citado com prevalência da postura inadequada e da dor lombar baixa como principal diagnóstico. Não houve afastamento do trabalho por parte dos profissionais. Conclusão: Houve uma parcela significativa que manifestou sintoma osteomuscular com risco para a alteração em sua qualidade de vida. Palavras-chave: transtornos traumáticos cumulativos; saúde do trabalhador; qualidade de vida.

Introduction: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders can have repercussions on social and economic issues for the worker, especially when combined with functional disabilities, affecting their productive capacity and causing them to leave work. Objective: To identify the socioeconomic and clinical factors self-referred by health workers of a hospital institution regarding work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Method: This is a quantitative study, descriptive and prospective, in which the sample comprised 22 health professionals from a hospital. Was used a semi-structured questionnaire as a tool for collecting data. Results: Prevalence of young female professionals, mean age of 32.27 years, average working time of 6.89 years. Only 31.8% reported clinical symptomatology. Of these, 85,7% reported spinal pain. There was no development of limitations and/or incapacities. Ergonomic risk was cited by all workers. Of the repetitive activities at work, inadequate posture was the most prevalent. As for the diagnosis, low back pain prevailed. There was no withdrawal from work by professionals. Conclusion: There was a significant portion that presented musculoskeletal symptoms with a risk for the alteration in their quality of life.

Saúde bucal no município de Caraguatatuba / Oral health in the municipality of Caraguatatuba

Caraguatatuba é um município, uma estância balneária, localizada no litoral norte de São Paulo. Desde a década de 60 o município de Caraguatatuba vem enfrentando grandes mudanças e transformações como processos de urbanização, muitas vezes desordenados e com forte impacto na vida de quem mora, trabalha e frequenta a região. Tais mudanças influenciaram também na saúde pública do município, incluindo a saúde bucal da população. Objetivo ­ Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica em documentos e textos públicos foram avaliados dados sobre a saúde bucal da população de Caraguatatuba assim como os últimos levantamentos sobre as condições de saúde bucal, comparando os dados atuais com levantamentos anteriores, sugerindo assim novas ações de promoção e prevenção em saúde bucal. Métodos ­ Foram avaliados os dados do município em relação à doença cárie, utilizando-se o índice de cárie (CPOD e ceo), câncer bucal, dados referentes a infraestrutura, procedimentos realizados, atendimentos de especialidades, tratamentos concluídos e palestras preventivas. Resultados e Conclusão ­ A partir da análise dos dados, no período avaliado, observou-se avanços na área de saúde bucal, porém mesmo com as conquistas alcançadas os problemas de saúde bucal continuam presentes e as estratégias atuais precisam ser reforçadas e novas ações implantadas, principalmente na área de educação em saúde e prevenção da cárie, como a produção de material educativo, fornecimento de kits de higiene bucal e capacitação das equipes de saúde para atuação na promoção de saúde geral e bucal

Caraguatatuba is a municipality, a seaside resort, located on the north coast of São Paulo. Since the 1960s the Caraguatatuba municipality has been facing great changes and transformations as urbanization processes, often disorderly and with a strong impact on the lives of those who live, work and frequent the region. These changes also influenced the public health of the municipality, including the oral health of the population. Objective ­ Through bibliographic research in documents and public texts, data on the oral health of the population of Caraguatatuba were evaluated, as well as the last surveys on oral health conditions, comparing the current data with previous surveys, thus suggesting new actions of promotion and prevention in oral health. Methods ­ The data of the municipality in relation to the caries disease were evaluated, using the caries index (DMFT and ceo), oral cancer, data referring to infrastructure, procedures performed, care of specialties, treatments completed and preventive lectures. Results and Conclusion ­ From the analysis of the data, in the evaluated period, there were advances in the oral health area, but even with the achieved achievements oral health problems are still present and the current strategies need to be reinforced and new actions implemented, mainly in the area of health education and caries prevention, such as the production of educational material, supply of oral hygiene kits and training of health teams to promote general and oral health

Assistência de enfermagem à pacientes portadores de hipertensão arterial sistêmica / Nursing assistance for patients with systemic arterial hypertension

Identificar e analisar os principais cuidados de enfermagem em relação aos pacientes hipertensos frente ao processo saúde-doença. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre os principais cuidados de enfermagem que podem ser disponibilizados aos pacientes com hipertensão arterial e obteve-se uma amostra de 23 artigos em língua portuguesa publicados no período de 2013 a 2017 disponíveis nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENFE e MEDLINE que foram selecionadas na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. No âmbito da atenção a saúde foi visto que é essencial um cuidado com a aplicação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem aos pacientes com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, pois enriquece a consulta possibilitando a execução de etapas sistemáticas e, a participação do paciente e familiares é essencial na prática de um autocuidado. A educação em saúde é uma das principais estratégias de conscientização da erradicação de hábitos maléficos na saúde, garantindo uma vida mais saudável e confortável

To identify and analyze the main nursing care in relation to hypertensive patients facing the health-disease process. An integrative review of the literature on the main nursing care that can be made available to patients with arterial hypertension has been carried out and a sample of 23 Portuguese-language articles published in the period from 2013 to 2017 available in the LILACS databases, BDENFE and MEDLINE that were selected in the Virtual Health Library. In the health care area, it was observed that care with the application of Nursing Care Systematization to patients with Systemic Arterial Hypertension is essential, since it enriches the consultation allowing the systematic steps, and patient and family participation is essential in the practice of self-care. Health education is one of the main strategies to raise awareness of the eradication of harmful habits in health, ensuring a healthier and more comfortable life

Impact of diabetes prevalence and mortality on health life expectancy among residents in Zhejiang province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the impact of diabetes prevalence and mortality on health life expectancy (HLE).Methods A cause-excluded health adjusted life expectancy method was used to quantitatively analyze the impact of diabetes on HLE and the composition of health life losses (HLL),using the integrated data on population mortality,self-assessed health status and diabetes prevalence.Results The HLE for people aged 15 was 55.80 in Zhejiang,in 2013.After removing the diabetes morbidity and mortality,the HLE for men aged 15 increased by 0.86 and 1.13,respectively,with an increase of 1.04 and 0.66 for urban and rural residents.Substantial increase of HLE was observed in women and urban residents than those for men and rural residents.HLL caused by diabetes mortality and morbidity appeared as 0.10 and 0.79,with a ratio of 7.92.Conclusion HLL caused by diabetes mortality was much greater than those caused by diabetes mortality,suggesting the most effective measure in reducing the diabetes-related HLL is to promote the healthy lifestyle in urban areas and especially for women.

Impact of diabetes prevalence and mortality on health life expectancy among residents in Zhejiang province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the impact of diabetes prevalence and mortality on health life expectancy (HLE).Methods A cause-excluded health adjusted life expectancy method was used to quantitatively analyze the impact of diabetes on HLE and the composition of health life losses (HLL),using the integrated data on population mortality,self-assessed health status and diabetes prevalence.Results The HLE for people aged 15 was 55.80 in Zhejiang,in 2013.After removing the diabetes morbidity and mortality,the HLE for men aged 15 increased by 0.86 and 1.13,respectively,with an increase of 1.04 and 0.66 for urban and rural residents.Substantial increase of HLE was observed in women and urban residents than those for men and rural residents.HLL caused by diabetes mortality and morbidity appeared as 0.10 and 0.79,with a ratio of 7.92.Conclusion HLL caused by diabetes mortality was much greater than those caused by diabetes mortality,suggesting the most effective measure in reducing the diabetes-related HLL is to promote the healthy lifestyle in urban areas and especially for women.

Investigation on Influencing Environmental Factors on Health Status of Korean Septuagenarians Dwelling in Longevity Region in Jeonla Province / 대한지역사회영양학회지

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the critical environmental factors on healthy-aging of Korean people, we investigated the significant factors influencing health status of septuagenarians living in rural area of Jeonla province, known to be one of the representative longevity regions in Korea. METHODS: We divided subjects into healthy group (36M/25F) or poor-health group (26M/73F) based on self-reported health status, body mass index, a number of prescription, and blood test data. General characteristics, physical measurements, lifestyle, dietary behavior and nutrient intake, physical health and mental health data were statistically compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Average age was not different between healthy group and poor-health group in men and women, respectively. In men, significantly favorable factors to health were observed to be higher education, regular exercise, higher grip strength and walking function, body mass index (> or = 18.5 kg/m2), moderate frequency of drinking and eating-out, non-smoking, normal red blood cell (RBC) count, higher serum dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) level, good digestive function and appetite, normal hearing function, regular meals, adequate vegetable and fruit intake, diverse food intake, adequate energy and nutrients (protein, vitamin B1, B6, C and E, folate, niacin, P, Zn and K) intake, higher mini-nutrient status assessment (MNA) score and low level of depression. On the other hand, in women, those were literacy, living arrangement, moderate frequency of drinking, healthy teeth, higher grip strength and walking function, bone mineral density, normal RBC and white blood cell (WBC) count, higher DHEAS concentration, higher MNA score, normal cognition and memory function, having snack and adequate fruit intake. CONCLUSIONS: These results could be useful to plan effective strategies to increase health-life expectancy of Korean old people living in rural areas.

Expectativa de vida saudável para idosos brasileiros, 2003 / Healthy life expectancy to Brazilian elders, 2003

No Brasil, o aumento da população idosa em relação à população total e o aumento da longevidade provocam uma demanda por informações sobre a quantidade de anos vividos com saúde. O objetivo do presente estudo é medir a expectativa de vida saudável para a população brasileira de 60 anos e mais, por sexo e idade, em 2003. Para isso, foi empregado o método de Sullivan, combinando a tábua de vida, com experiência de mortalidade corrente da população e suas percepções de saúde. As informações de mortalidade foram obtidas de tábuas de vida publicadas pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, 2003. Optou-se por utilizar a autopercepção do estado de saúde, dicotomizada em boa e ruim, como medida do estado saúde dos indivíduos idosos, com informações advindas da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra Domiciliar (PNAD) de 2003. As estimativas mostram que as mulheres vivem mais, porém o número de anos a serem vividos por elas percebendo sua saúde como ruim é maior do que a estimativa para os idosos do sexo masculino. Os resultados chamam atenção para a necessidade de considerar as diferenças entre os sexos em relação à demanda por cuidados de saúde, assim como para a necessidade de políticas visando aumentar os anos a serem vividos pelos idosos em condições que estes considerem como de boa saúde.

The increase of the percentage of elderly population in Brazil and the increase in longevity incite a demand for information on the quantity of years spent in good health. The aim of the present study is to measure the life expectancy for the elderly of 60 years and above, by sex and age, in the year of 2003. The Sullivan method was used, which combined the life-table with the current experience of mortality and the self-perceived health. The mortality information was obtained from the life tables published by the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics), 2003. The self-perceived health was used and it was dichotomized in good and bad. This information came from the National Research of Household Sample (PNAD), 2003. The results indicate that women live longer, but spend a higher number of years perceiving their health as bad, as compared to men. The results also highlights to the need of considering the differences between sexes in relation to the demand for health care. It is also important to consider the need to have policies designed to allow the increase in the number of years that the elderly can live in good health conditions.