Avaliação da qualidade de sono e ansiedade em profissionais e estudantes da saúde no contexto da pandemia pela covid-19 / Evaluación de la calidad del sueño y la ansiedad en profesionales y estudiantes de la salud en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19 / Assessment of sleep quality and anxiety in healthcare professionals and students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Introdução: Na pandemia desencadeada pela COVID-19, o desenvolvimento progressivo de sintomas de ansiedade e a má qualidade do sono devem ser investigados em profissionais e estudantes da área da saúde para o adequado manejo. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de problemas de sono e sintomas ansiosos em profissionais e estudantes da saúde, e analisar o efeito de variáveis sociodemográficas-clínicas na ansiedade e sono dessa população.Metodologia: Neste estudo transversal de caráter quantitativo aplicou-se um formulário online a 3.337 profissionais e estudantes da saúde do Brasil participantes de um congresso virtual, contendo 51 perguntas subdivididas em três categorias: Perfil sociodemográfico-clínico, Escala de Sono de Jenkins e Inventário de Ansiedade de BECK.Resultados: Dentre os participantes, 81,4% eram estudantes da área da saúde e 12,8% profissionais de saúde. Os achados obtidos indicam que 41% dos participantes apresentaram problemas de sono muito frequentes e 46,6% sinais de ansiedade moderada a grave. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis sociodemográficas-clínicas e os questionários validados de sono e ansiedade. Conclusão: Essa pesquisa identificou importante prevalência de problemasde sono e sintomas ansiosos em profissionais e estudantes da saúde, sendo primordial a identificação precoce dessas alterações para um manejo efetivo (AU).

Introduction: In the pandemic triggered by COVID-19, the progressive development of anxiety symptoms and poor sleep quality should be investigated in healthcare professionals and students for proper management.Objective: To identify the prevalence of sleep problems and anxious symptoms in healthcare professionals and students, and to analyze the effect of sociodemographic-clinical variables on anxiety and sleep in this population. Methodology: In this cross-sectional quantitative study, an online form was applied to 3,337 healthcare professionals and students from Brazil participating in a virtual congress, containing 51 questions subdivided into three categories: Sociodemographic-clinical profile, Jenkins Sleep Scale and BECK Anxiety Inventory.Results: Among the participants, 81.4% were healthcare students and 12.8% were healthcare professionals. The findings indicate that 41% of the participants had very frequent sleep problems and 46.6% showed signs of moderate to severe anxiety. There was a statistically significant association between the sociodemographic-clinical variables and the validated sleep and anxiety questionnaires. Conclusion:This study identified a high prevalence of sleep problems and anxiety symptoms among healthcare professionals and students, and early identification of these alterations is essential for effective management (AU).

Introducción: En la pandemia desencadenada por el COVID-19, el desarrollo progresivo de síntomas de ansiedad y la mala calidad del sueño deben ser investigados en profesionales y estudiantes de la salud para su adecuado manejo. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia de problemas de sueño y síntomas ansiosos en profesionales y estudiantes de la salud, y analizar el efecto de las variables sociodemográficas-clínicas sobre la ansiedad y el sueño en esta población. Metodología:En este estudio transversal y cuantitativo, se aplicó un formulario línea 3.337 profesionales y estudiantes de la salud de Brasil que participaron en un congreso virtual, conteniendo 51 preguntas subdivididas en tres categorías: perfil sociodemográfico-clínico, Escala de Sueño de Jenkins e Inventario de Ansiedad de BECK. Resultados: Entre los participantes, 81,4% eran estudiantes de salud y 12,8% profesionales de la salud. Los resultados indican que el 41% de los participantes tenía problemas de sueño muy frecuentes y el 46,6% mostraba signos de ansiedad de moderada a grave. Hubo una asociación estadísticamentesignificativa entre las variables sociodemográficas-clínicas y los cuestionarios validados de sueño y ansiedad. Conclusión:Este estudio identificó una alta prevalencia de problemas de sueño y síntomas de ansiedad en profesionales de la salud y estudiantes, y la identificación precoz de estas alteraciones es esencial para un manejo eficaz (AU).

Factors associated with the presence of depression, anxiety, and substance use in health students from 10 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic / Factores asociados a la presencia de depresión, de ansiedad y de consumo de sustancias en los estudiantes de la salud de 10 países latinoamericanos durante la pandemia por COVID-19

Abstract Introduction Health science students represented a particularly vulnerable group during the pandemic. Studies in various regions have found a high prevalence of psychopathology, associated with the presence of stressors such as contact with patients, isolation, and financial difficulties. Objective To determine the stressors for and frequency of depression, anxiety and substance use in Latin American health science students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to measure the presence of stressors and determine anxiety and depression symptoms through the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7 scales, and substance use in 777 students from ten countries, from June 2020 to January 2021. Results The most frequent stressors were having a loved one diagnosed with COVID-19 and being diagnosed with another illness. A total of 54.1% of the sample had depression, and 46.2% had anxiety according to the rating scales cut-off points, while 24.8% reported substance use. Reading or listening to news about the pandemic was the main stressor associated with the presence of psychopathology. Discussion and conclusion Latin American health science students displayed high frequencies of psychopathology associated with various stressors. It is therefore important to monitor the mental health of this population to prevent low academic performance.

Resumen Introducción Los estudiantes de ciencias de la salud constituyeron un grupo con especial vulnerabilidad durante la pandemia. Estudios en diferentes regiones han mostrado alta prevalencia de psicopatología, asociada con la presencia de estresores como el contacto con enfermos, el aislamiento y las dificultades económicas. Objetivo Determinar los estresores y las frecuencias de depresión, ansiedad y uso de sustancias en estudiantes latinoamericanos de ciencias de la salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método Se realizó un estudio transversal a través de un cuestionario que incluía la presencia de estresores, la determinación de síntomas de depresión y ansiedad y depresión por medio de las escalas PHQ-9, GAD-7 y el uso de sustancias en 777 estudiantes de 10 países durante el periodo de junio 2020 a enero 2021. Resultados Los estresores más frecuentes fueron el diagnóstico de COVID-19 en alguien cercano y presentar otra enfermedad. De acuerdo con los puntos de corte de las escalas, 54.1% presentaron depresión, 46.2% ansiedad y 24.8% uso de sustancias. El escuchar noticias sobre la pandemia fue el estresor más fuertemente asociado con la presencia de psicopatología. Discusión y conclusión Los estudiantes de ciencias de la salud latinoamericanos presentaron frecuencias altas de psicopatología asociados con diversos estresores. Es importante hacer un seguimiento de la salud mental de esta población a fin de prevenir su disfunción académica y laboral.

Exploration of the construction of health science popularization system in medical institutions from the perspective of aging / 现代医院

With the intensification of global aging trends,the health needs of the elderly are becoming increasingly prom-inent.As one of the main forces in implementing the Healthy China strategy,medical and health institutions play a crucial role in building a scientific,systematic,and targeted health popularization system to improve the health status of the elderly and delay the aging process.However,medical institutions face numerous challenges in constructing a health popularization system for the elderly.Based on the perspective of aging,this article focuses on the hot and difficult issues encountered by the elderly when see-king medical treatment,pays attention to the blind spots and hot issues in elderly health,explores the importance and construction methods of health popularization systems for the elderly in medical and health institutions,in order to enhance the health aware-ness of the elderly,promote health behavior changes,and ultimately improve the health status and quality of life of the elderly.

Exploration of the overall thought and key points for S&T management in health science / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:In the context of the S&T system reforming and research paradigm transforming, the overall thought and the key tasks were proposed.Methods:Combining the theorical & policy analysis, the overall thought and the key points in sectoral S&T management were proposed by the method of comparative and inductive analysis.Results/Conclusions:The overall thought is to expend the narrow sense of "research management" to the broad sense of "S&T management", to promote the macro technology policy to be implemented, and advance the technology breakthroughs by facing the people’s life and health and coordinating the technology resources and forces, so as to enhance the supporting role of S&T innovation for health. The key task points are as follows, i. e., organizing R&D tasks by focusing on the health demand (1 st), standardizing the management by improving policy system (2 nd), coordinating the resources by integrating the diverse platforms (3 rd), constructing the talents staff by the research practicing (4 th), optimizing the innovation ecology by strengthening supervision (5 th).

Treinamento resistido, função cognitiva e idosos: revisão integrativa / Resistance training, cognitive function and the elderly: an integrative review / Entrenamiento de resistência, función cognitiva y ancianos: revisión integrativa

Objetivo: investigar os efeitos do treinamento resistido sobre a função cognitiva de idosos. Método: o presente estudo se trata de uma revisão integrativa conduzida nas seguintes bases de dados Embase, Pubmed, Scopus, Lilacs, Web of Science e Google acadêmico. Resultados: a busca inicial resultou em 2525 registros e foram encaminhados à plataforma Rayyan, onde foram avaliados por dois revisores independentes. Após exclusão de duplicatas e outros resultados que não condiziam com os critérios de elegibilidade estabelecidos, sete estudos foram incluídos nessa revisão. Conclusão: conclui-se que, o treinamento de força tem sido eficiente em melhorar a função cognitiva. A relação entre as funções física e cognitiva é notória e mais estudos devem ser realizados para esclarecer o assunto, acrescentando outras modalidades como treinamento cardiorrespiratório, treinamento de força em superfícies instáveis, além de diferentes períodos de intervenção.

Objective: to examine the effects of resistance training on cognitive function in elderly people. Method: this study is an integrative review conducted in the following databases Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results:the initial search yielded 2525 records, which were screened by two independent reviewers using the Rayyan platform. After excluding duplicates and other results that did not meet the established eligibility criteria, seven studies were included in this review.Conclusion: it is concluded that resistance training is effective in improving cognitive function. The relationship between physical and cognitive function is noteworthy, and further studies are needed to clarify this matter by exploring additional modalities such as cardiorespiratory training, resistance training on unstable surfaces, and varying intervention periods.

Objetivo: investigar los efectos del entrenamiento de resistencia sobre la función cognitiva en adultos mayores. Método: el presente estudio es una revisión integrativa realizada en las siguientes bases de datos Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Web of Science y Google Académico. Resultados: la búsqueda inicial arrojó 2525 registros, los cuales fueron evaluados por dos revisores independientes utilizando la plataforma Rayyan. Tras excluir duplicados y otros resultados que no cumplían con los criterios de elegibilidad establecidos, se incluyeron siete estudios en esta revisión. Conclusión: se concluye que el entrenamiento de fuerza ha demostrado ser eficaz para mejorar la función cognitiva en adultos mayores. La relación entre las funciones física y cognitiva es notable y se requieren más estudios para esclarecer este tema, incorporando otras modalidades como el entrenamiento cardiorrespiratorio, el entrenamiento de fuerza en superficies inestables, y explorando diferentes períodos de intervención.

A study of new drug approval pattern of a Southeast Asian developed country from 2017 to 2021

Background: The pattern of new drug approval is changing across the world as shown by the study using Center for Drug Evaluation and Research and European Medicines Agency data in US and UK with more drug approval for anti-cancer and immunomodulator drugs. There is a need to generate similar database for developed South East Asian countries too. Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted for one such country- Singapore for the new drug approval pattern of last 5 years (2017–2021). Materials and Methods: This was a pharmacoepidemiological study, in which government drug regulatory website data available in public domain was searched. The new drug approval data were classified according to active ingredient, drug approval date, new drug application category, indication of drugs, and World Health Organization Anatomic Thoracic Classification. Results: In this study, 418 new drug approvals were found in last 5 years in Singapore. From this maximum, drug approvals were given to anti-neoplastic and immunomodulator category drugs. In anti-neoplastic category new drugs approval few examples were Trastuzumab deruxtecan and Tucatinib for breast cancer therapy and Tepotinib and Capmatinib for non-small cell lung cancer therapy. Conclusion: This study shows that drug development in anti-cancer drug and immunomodulator is significant in Singapore. This trend is quite matching with other country such as US and UK.

The Shift and Way Out for Health Science Popularization Lectures in the New Media Era / 中国医学伦理学

Currently, the public’s concern for health has unprecedentedly increased, while some institutions find it difficult to carry out health lectures. Overall, health lectures play an important role, but they face some practical challenges at the operational level, involving lecture objectives, public demands, communication methods, dissemination channels, and foothold methods. In the era of new media, health science popularization lectures are still an effective means of persuasion today, but traditional lecture methods need to be endowed with new connotations, and made shifts and adjustments. Health science popularization lectures should make the following shifts. First, the lecture objectives should turn to "extensive use", stepping out of the limitations of popular science knowledge, and promoting the public to proactively seek health knowledge and information. Second, the lecture content should turn to the integration of physical and mental, designing courses from the perspective of physical and mental, enhancing communication among people, and promoting trust between individuals. Third, the lecture effect should turn to enjoyment, breaking the prejudice against the lecture effect and taking the enjoyment and interest stimulation as the important goal of health science popularization. Fourth, the speaker should turn to "professionalization", establishing a team of professional health lecturers. At the operational level, it is necessary to strictly control the entry and exit of health lecturers to create a lecture brand, segment the audience to organize homogeneous audiences, tell good stories and enhance emotional narration, plan holistically and achieve full-media three-dimensional communication, and scientifically evaluate and emphasize long-term effects.

Vulnerabilidades em saúde e a importância da integração da produção local de medicamentos estratégicos para o SUS / Health vulnerabilities and the importance of integrating local production of strategic medicines for the SUS

Resumo A existência de uma cadeia de suprimentos local fortalecida é condição essencial para o acesso universal à saúde. Esse artigo permite avançar para uma agenda de políticas públicas para envolver todo o sistema produtivo da saúde, incluindo componentes estratégicos da cadeia produtiva para além dos insumos farmacêuticos ativos (IFA), sem os quais, o acesso universal e a soberania em saúde se tornam inviáveis, vulnerabilizando o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) brasileiro. Com essa perspectiva, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica qualitativa, com observação de campo entre informantes-chave da cadeia de suprimentos da produção de medicamentos do principal Laboratório Farmacêutico Oficial do país. O resultado mostrou que, assim como os insumos farmacêuticos ativos, existem outros itens estratégicos para a saúde na cadeia de suprimentos que se configuram em gargalos tecnológicos. Com isso, espera-se ter contribuído para a ampliação do debate sobre as vulnerabilidades em saúde, relacionando a estrutura produtiva e econômica ao acesso universal, contribuindo, em âmbito nacional e internacional, no estabelecimento de um elo teórico entre a economia, a produção local e os direitos sociais.

Abstract A strengthened local supply chain is an essential and highly relevant condition for universal access to health care. This article enables a movement towards a public policy agenda that involve the entire productive health system, including strategic components of the production chain beyond active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), without which universal health access and health sovereignty become unfeasible, leaving the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) vulnerable. Within this perspective, qualitative bibliographic research was conducted together with field observation among key informants of the drug production supply chain from Brazil's main Official Pharmaceutical Laboratory. Results showed that in addition to active pharmaceutical ingredients, other strategic health care items in the supply chain also constitute technological bottlenecks. These findings may contribute to expand the debate on health vulnerabilities, relating the productive and economic structure to universal access, thus establishing, nationally and internationally, a theoretical link between the economy, production local and social rights.

Competências de promoção da saúde: em foco os usuários do projeto Praia sem Barreiras / Health promotion competencies: focus on users of The Beach Without Barriers project

Resumo Realizar ações de extensão universitária em praias representa uma oportunidade inovadora para promover a saúde de pessoas com deficiência ou mobilidade reduzida. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a compreensão dos usuários do Projeto Praia sem Barreiras (PSB) sobre as práticas de promoção da saúde desenvolvidas por estudantes de graduação em saúde. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, baseado nas entrevistas de dez usuários do PSB em Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Realizou-se a análise temática de conteúdo ancorada no Developing Competencies and Profissional Standards for Health Promotion Capacity Building in Europe. Como resultado, emergiram seis categorias empíricas: dedicação dos estudantes atuantes no PSB; qualificação técnica dos estudantes no PSB; emoção durante o contato com o mar; melhorias na saúde mental; orientações dos usuários aos estudantes como futuros profissionais; e opiniões acerca do PSB. Evidenciou-se a qualificação dos estudantes como agentes de mudança na realidade local, na comunicação efetiva e nas parcerias estratégicas. Ações que transcendem as limitações corporais e levantam as necessidades de saúde dos participantes devem ser valorizadas durante a graduação.

Abstract Carrying out university extension actions on beaches represents an innovative opportunity to promote the health of people with disabilities or reduced mobility. This article aims to analyze the understanding of users of the Beach Without Barriers (PSB, Praia sem Barreiras) Project about the Health Promotion practices developed by undergraduate students in the health area. Qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study, based on interviews with ten PSB users in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. A thematic analysis of content was carried out anchored on Developing Competencies and Professional Standards for Health Promotion Capacity Building in Europe. Six empirical categories emerged: Dedication of students working in the PSB, Technical qualification of students in the PSB, Emotion during contact with the sea, Mental health improvement, User guidance to students as future professionals and Opinions about the PSB. The qualification of students as agents of change in the local reality, effective communication and strategic partnerships were demonstrated. Actions that transcend bodily limitations and assess the participants' health needs should be valued in undergraduate school.

A saúde de quem? Uma etnografia crítica sobre a saúde na Educação Física do ensino médio de uma escola da rede estadual pública de Uruguaiana-RS / Whose health? A critical ethnography on health in Physical Education in high school of a public school Uruguaiana ­ RS / ¿De quién es la salud? Una etnografia crítica sobre la salud en Educación Física en el bachillerato de un colegio público de Uruguaiana- RS

Compreender os significados de saúde permite acessarmos conhecimentos que demarcam não apenas a compreensão do fenômeno, mas as tomadas de decisões frente a esse entendimento. O desafio para refletir sobre este tema localiza-se também na importância simbólica que a saúde assume nas sociedades capitalistas, que a reconhecem como algo fácil de ser obtido com disciplina e esforço individual. Os efeitos dessa "regulação" condicionam as práticas educativas da EF escolar, estruturando entendimentos sobre o corpo e a saúde no contexto escolar, importantes de serem problematizados. Investigamos como o tema saúde é significado na cultura compartilhada por professores de Educação Física (EF) e estudantes do Ensino Médio de uma escola da Rede Estadual de Educação em Uruguaiana/RS. Para o trato teórico-metodológico utilizamos as lentes da etnografia crítica para compreender a realidade particular do contexto cultural da EF escolar a partir das relações didático-metodológicas entre estudantes e professores, adotando cuidados éticos. O trabalho de campo envolveu a observação, registros no diário de campo, entrevistas semiestruturadas, diálogos e análise documental, tendo a duração de 15 meses. A análise foi desenvolvida ao longo da pesquisa, respeitando a triangulação das informações e preservando os pressupostos de validez interpretativa. Os significados de saúde compartilhados na cultura de EF da escola Rio Uruguai estão ancorados num modelo biomédico de saúde, alinhados a uma lógica individualizante que não dialoga com a formação de uma juventude crítica.

Understanding the meanings of health allows us to access knowledge that demarcates not only the understanding of the phenomenon, but also decision-making in the face of this understanding. The challenge to reflect on this theme is also located in the symbolic importance that health assumes in capitalist societies, which recognize it as something easy to obtain with discipline and individual effort. The effects of this "regulation" condition the educational practices of school PE, structuring understandings about the body and health in the school context, which are important to be problematized. We investigate how the health theme is meaning in the culture shared by Physical Education (PE) teachers and high school students from a State Education Network school in Uruguaiana/RS. For the theoretical-methodological approach, we use the lenses of critical ethnography to understand the particular reality of the cultural context of school PE from the didactic-methodological relations between students and teachers, adopting ethical care. The field work involved observation, records in the field diary, semi-structured interviews, dialogues and document analysis, lasting 15 months. The analysis was developed throughout the research, respecting the triangulation of information and preserving the assumptions of interpretive validity. The meanings of health shared in PE culture at the Rio Uruguai school are anchored in a biomedical model of health, aligned with an individualizing logic that does not dialogue with the formation of critical youth.

Comprender los significados de la salud nos permite acceder a conocimientos que demarcan no solo la comprensión del fenómeno, sino también la toma de decisiones frente a esa comprensión. El desafío para reflexionar sobre este tema también se ubica en la importancia simbólica que asume la salud en las sociedades capitalistas, que la reconocen como algo fácil de obtener con disciplina y esfuerzo individual. Los efectos de esta "regulación" condicionan las prácticas educativas de la EF escolar, estructurando comprensiones sobre el cuerpo y la salud en el contexto escolar, que es importante ser problematizadas. Investigamos el significado del tema salud en la cultura compartida por profesores de Educación Física (EF) y estudiantes de secundaria de un colegio de la Red Educativa del Estado en Uruguaiana/RS. Para el abordaje teórico-metodológico, utilizamos las lentes de la etnografía crítica para comprender la realidad particular del contexto cultural de la EF escolar a partir de las relaciones didáctico-metodológicas entre alumnos y docentes, adoptando un cuidado ético. El trabajo de campo involucró observación, registros en el diario de campo, entrevistas semiestructuradas, diálogos y análisis de documentos, con una duración de 15 meses. El análisis se desarrolló a lo largo de la investigación, respetando la triangulación de la información y preservando los supuestos de validez interpretativa. Los significados de salud compartidos en la cultura de la EF en la escuela Río Uruguai están anclados en un modelo biomédico de salud, alineado con una lógica individualizadora que no dialoga con la formación de la juventud crítica.

Interfaces entre Educação Física e Saúde Coletiva: contribuições para enfrentar as crises do nosso tempo / Interfaces between Physical Education and public health: contributions to face the crises of our time / Interfaces entre Educación Física y salud pública: aportes para enfrentar las crisis de nuestro tiempo

O texto traz reflexões sobre as crises do nosso tempo acentuadas pela pandemia do Covid19 - e suas interfaces com a Educação Física (EF) e a Saúde Coletiva (SC). A pandemia explicitou questões que estão, de forma direta ou indireta, envolvidas com o contínuo adoecimento coletivo e planetário e suas repercussões na vida em sociedade. Considerar a EF como campo científico fronteiriço entre as ciências humanas e sociais e as ciências biológicas e da saúde, e como movimento ideológico comprometido com a transformação social é fundamental nesse cenário. Pode-se aproveitar que as práticas corporais e atividades físicas se tornaram prioridade no conjunto de políticas e programas de promoção da saúde e desenvolvimento sustentável para resgatar sua natureza multidimensional vinculada à saúde e suas determinações sociais. Para tal, é importante problematizar a linguagem do risco do sedentarismo. A aproximação com a SC favorece tais movimentos.

The text brings reflections on the crises of our time - accentuated by the Covid19 pandemic - and its interfaces with Physical Education (EF) and Collective Health (SC). The pandemic made explicit issues that are, directly or indirectly, involved with the continuous collective and planetary illness and its repercussions on life in society. Considering EF as a scientific field bordering the human and social sciences and the biological and health sciences, and as an ideological movement committed to social transformation is fundamental in this scenario. One can take advantage of the fact that body practices and physical activities have become a priority in the set of policies and programs for health promotion and sustainable development to retrieve their multidimensional nature linked to health and its social determinations. To this end, it is important to problematize the risk language of sedentary lifestyle. The SC approach favors such movements.

El texto trae reflexiones sobre las crisis de nuestro tiempo, acentuadas por la pandemia de Covid19, y sus interfaces con la Educación Física (EF) y la Salud Colectiva (SC). La pandemia hizo explícitos temas que están, directa o indirectamente, involucrados con la continua enfermedad colectiva y planetaria y sus repercusiones en la vida en sociedad. Considerar a la EF como un campo científico fronterizo con las ciencias humanas y sociales y las ciencias biológicas y de la salud, y como un movimiento ideológico comprometido con la transformación social es fundamental en este escenario. Se puede aprovechar que las prácticas corporales y las actividades físicas se han convertido en una prioridad en el conjunto de políticas y programas de promoción de la salud y desarrollo sostenible para rescatar su carácter multidimensional vinculado a la salud y sus determinaciones sociales. Para ello, es importante problematizar el lenguaje de riesgo del sedentarismo. El enfoque de SC favorece tales movimientos.

Qualidade do sono e fatores associados em universitários do Centro-Oeste do Brasil / Sleep quality and associated factors in university students in the Midwest of Brazil

INTRODUÇÃO: A qualidade do sono é uma das queixas mais frequentes entre estudantes universitários. OBJETIVOS: Identificar a prevalência de má qualidade do sono e os fatores associados em acadêmicos da área da saúde de uma universidade do Centro-Oeste do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com uma amostra de 2171 universitários com média de idade de 22,7 (±3,9). O desfecho, sono de má qualidade, foi avaliado por meio da versão brasileira do questionário Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-BR). As variáveis independentes (demográficas, socioeconômicas e comportamentais) foram avaliadas por meio de um questionário padronizado. As análises multivariadas foram realizadas por meio de Regressão de Poisson, estimando-se as Razões de Prevalências (RP) ajustadas e seus respectivos Intervalos de Confiança de 95% (IC95%). RESULTADOS: A média do escore do PSQI-BR foi 7,0. A prevalência de má qualidade do sono foi de 63,5% (IC95% 61,4-65,5), sendo 60,3% nos homens e 64,8% nas mulheres. Após análise ajustada, auto percepção de saúde razoável/ruim esteve associada com má qualidade do sono em ambos os sexos. Além disso, para os homens, a prevalência de má qualidade do sono foi maior para os estudantes que fumavam; e foi menor para aqueles que consumiam adequadamente frutas, legumes e verduras e eram suficientemente ativos. Já para as mulheres, a prevalência de má qualidade do sono foi maior naquelas com 24 ou mais anos de idade, sem companheiro, que consumiam bebidas alcoólicas e que cursavam medicina. CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se elevada prevalência do desfecho na amostra. Além disso, a má qualidade do sono ocorre de forma diferente entre homens e mulheres. Ressalva-se a importância do monitoramento da má qualidade do sono em estudantes universitários.

INTRODUCTION: Sleep quality is one of the most frequent complaints among college students. OBJETIVE: To identify the prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors in health care academics at a university in the Midwest of Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 2171 university students with a mean age of 22.7 (±3.9). The outcome, poor quality sleep, was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-BR) questionnaire. Independent variables (demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral) were assessed using a standardized questionnaire. Multivariate analyzes were performed using Poisson Regression, estimating the adjusted Prevalence Ratios (PR) and their respective 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: The mean score of the PSQI-BR was 7.0. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 63.5% (95%CI 61.4-65.5), being 60.3% in men and 64.8% in women. After adjusted analysis, reasonable/poor self-rated health was associated with poor sleep quality in both sexes. Furthermore, for men, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was higher for students who smoked; and it was lower for those who adequately consumed fruits and vegetables and were sufficiently active. As for women, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was higher in those aged 24 or over, without a partner, who consumed alcoholic beverages and who were studying medicine. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of the outcome in the sample. Furthermore, poor sleep quality occurs differently between men and women. Thus, we emphasize the importance of monitoring poor sleep quality in college students.

Política de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde (CT& I/S): uma atualização para debate / Health Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (ST& I/H): an update for debate

Resumo O texto contém uma proposta atualizada de política de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde no Brasil e a pertinência da atualização decorre do desastre nas atividades nesse terreno verificadas no país desde o início do atual governo federal em 2019, bem como dos desafios colocados pela emergência da pandemia COVID-19 desde 2020. Ele está organizado em cinco seções, a saber: Pesquisa em Saúde; Inovação Produtiva; Avaliação e Incorporação de Tecnologias em Saúde; Propriedade Intelectual em Saúde; Novos desafios colocados pela Pandemia. Os autores fazem parte do Comitê de Assessoramento em Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação da Abrasco.

Abstract The text presents an updated proposal for a Health Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in Brazil, following the huge political turmoil in the country since 2019 and the COVID-19 pandemic since 2020. The proposal is presented in five sections: Scientific Research; Productive Innovation; Health Technology Assessment and Incorporation; Intellectual Property in Health; New challenges posed by the Pandemic. The authors take part in the Advisory Committee in Science, Technology and Innovation of the Brazilian Association of Collective Health.

Adaptación transcultural y validación de un contenido del cuestionario Texas Textbook Evaluation Tool (T-TET) de evaluación de libros de texto para ciencias de la salud / Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Content Validation of Texas Textbook Evaluation Tool (T-TET) a Book Evaluation Questionnaire for Health Sciences / Adaptação transcultural e validação de um questionário para as ciências da saúde

Introducción: La actualización y evaluación de libros de texto es esencial en el proceso educativo; sin embargo, en idioma español no se encuentran instrumentos para evaluarlos en el área de ciencias de la salud. Objetivo: Llevar a cabo la adaptación transcultural y validación de contenido del instrumento Texas Textbook Eva-luation Tool. Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con componente psicométrico. Se realizó la adaptación transcul-tural con traducción directa, síntesis de traducciones, traducción inversa, consolidación de traducciones en juicio de expertos y aplicación de una prueba piloto. Todo ello seguido del análisis de fiabilidad interobservador y la consistencia interna a través del alfa ordinal y el análisis factorial confirmatorio.Resultados: Se modificó un ítem que obtuvo un 36,66% de discrepancia. Se obtuvo un alfa de Cronbach de 0,98 y una kappa de Cohen de 0,91. Las pruebas de esfericidad de Barlett y Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin dieron como resulta-do 0,00 y 0,93, respectivamente. Así, se obtuvo en el análisis factorial confirmatorio que todas las variables se agrupan en las seis dimensiones propuestas. Conclusiones: Se realizó una apropiada implementación de los métodos. Los resultados obtenidos destacan la confianza e idoneidad del instrumento. El instrumento presenta una excelente consistencia interna, y se comprobó que mide las dimensiones para las que fue diseñado.

Introduction: The updating and evaluation of textbooks is essential in the educational process, however, in the Spanish language there are no instruments to evaluate them in Health Sciences. Objective: To make a cross-cultural adaptation and content validation of the Texas Textbook Evaluation Tool. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study with a psychometric component, cross-cultural adaptation is carried out with direct translation, translation synthesis, reverse translation, consolidation of trans-lations in expert judgment and pilot test application. Followed by inter-observer reliability analysis and internal consistency through ordinal alpha and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: One item was modified that obtained a 36% discrepancy. An ordinal alpha of 0.98 and Cohen's Kappa index of 0.91 were obtained. The Bartlett and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sphericity tests resul-ted in 0.00 and 0.93 respectively, obtaining in the confirmatory factorial analysis that all the variables are grouped in the 6 proposed dimensions. Conclusions: An appropriate implementation of the methods, the results obtained highlight the con-fidence and suitability of the instrument. The instrument has excellent internal consistency, and it was verified that it measures the dimensions for which it was designed.

Introdução: A atualização dos livros de texto é essencial no processo educacional em Ciências da Saúde, mas no idioma espanhol não há instrumentos para sua avaliação. Objetivo: Adaptação transcultural e validação do instrumento Texas Textbook Evaluation Tool. Método: A tradução, retrotradução, teste piloto, confiabilidade, consistência interna e análise de fatores exploratórios foram abrangidos. Resultados: Um item foi modificado com uma discrepância de 36,66%. Foi obtido um coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,98 e o índice Kappa de Cohen de 0,91. Os testes de esfericidade de Barlett e Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin resultaram em 0,00 e 0,93 respetivamente. Conclusões: Os métodos foram implementados adequadamente, e os resultados obtidos destacam a confiança e adequação do instrumento

Professoras negras na pós-graduação em saúde: entre o racismo estrutural e a feminização do cuidado / Black female professors in health postgraduate courses: between structural racism and the feminization of care

RESUMO A partir de referenciais do feminismo negro, da perspectiva interseccional e dos estudos étnicoraciais no Brasil, problematizam-se o racismo e o sexismo na academia brasileira com base na caracterização e análise da presença/ausência de professoras negras em programas de pós-graduação em ciências da saúde de duas universidades federais fluminenses, UFRJ e UFF. Utilizando informações de sites de 31 Programas de Pós-Graduação (PPG), reconstruíram-se quantitativamente os perfis de gênero e étnico-raciais por universidade e área de avaliação. Identificaram-se 23 professoras negras que ocupam 26 vagas docentes nos PPG analisados. Com base em informações da Plataforma Lattes, também se abordou longitudinalmente a dimensão de estudo. Os resultados assinalam que a presença de professoras negras é de 2% na UFRJ e de 6% na UFF; que ela é maior em áreas relativas aos cuidados e ínfima em áreas de maior prestígio científico e socioeconômico, como medicina. Constata-se o racismo como principal sistema de poder, operando no contexto institucional e disciplinar. Neste último, associado ao sexismo que determina as hierarquias de gênero nas áreas de saúde. Observa-se, também, que as desigualdades de raça se sobrepõem às de gênero no contexto desta pesquisa, confirmando as teses que apontam o epistemicídio dos saberes negros.

ABSTRACT Based on black feminism, intersectional perspective and Brazilian ethnic-racial studies, the paper problematized racism and sexism in the Brazilian academy. It characterizes and analyses the presence/ absence of black women professors in PhD programs in health sciences of two federal universities, UFRJ and UFF. Using information from the websites of 31 PhD programs, we reconstructed, quantitatively, the gender and ethnic-racial profiles of the PhD programs by university and evaluation area. Twentythree black women professors were identified in 26 teaching positions. Based on information from the Plataforma Lattes, we also addressed the study dimension longitudinally. The results indicate that the presence of black women professors is 2% at UFRJ and 6% at UFF. It is greater in areas related to care, and non-existent in areas of greater scientific and socio-economic prestige, such as Medicine. Racism is seen as the main power system, operating in the institutional and disciplinary context. In the latter, it is associated with sexism that determines gender hierarchies in health fields. It is also observed that race inequalities overlap with gender inequalities in the context of this research, confirming the theses that point to the epistemicide of black knowledge.

Timeliness of health science popularization in local media of Shanghai during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo analyze the timeliness of health science popularization during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） and its correlation with the epidemic situation and policies. MethodsThe original reports of health science popularization by 26 major media in Shanghai during the COVID19 outbreak between January 19 and March 25 of 2020 were retrieved， and the timeliness of the number of reports， media sources and categories， and contents were analyzed. ResultsDuring the epidemic of COVID-19， public media reported timely. Online media accounted for 63.35%， and text-based reports accounted for 85.90%. There was a correlation between the trend of the number of reports and the development of COVID-19 and the prevention and control policy issued by the government. After the change in the epidemic or the release of policy， the number of reports increased. The top four topics were personal protection， disease treatment， healthy lifestyle and psychological health， accounting for 18.62%， 18.54%， 12.96% and 11.74%， respectively. Reports focused on different aspects at different stages of COVID-19 epidemic， and the number of reports tended to increase one week after the occurrence of major events. ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 epidemic， the coverage of health science on media is timely and targeted. For future similar public health emergencies， it is suggested to respond quickly to major events according to the trend， to carry out publicity timely， to innovate the report forms， and thus make it easy for the public to accept and implement.

Timeliness of health science popularization in local media of Shanghai during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo analyze the timeliness of health science popularization during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） and its correlation with the epidemic situation and policies. MethodsThe original reports of health science popularization by 26 major media in Shanghai during the COVID19 outbreak between January 19 and March 25 of 2020 were retrieved， and the timeliness of the number of reports， media sources and categories， and contents were analyzed. ResultsDuring the epidemic of COVID-19， public media reported timely. Online media accounted for 63.35%， and text-based reports accounted for 85.90%. There was a correlation between the trend of the number of reports and the development of COVID-19 and the prevention and control policy issued by the government. After the change in the epidemic or the release of policy， the number of reports increased. The top four topics were personal protection， disease treatment， healthy lifestyle and psychological health， accounting for 18.62%， 18.54%， 12.96% and 11.74%， respectively. Reports focused on different aspects at different stages of COVID-19 epidemic， and the number of reports tended to increase one week after the occurrence of major events. ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 epidemic， the coverage of health science on media is timely and targeted. For future similar public health emergencies， it is suggested to respond quickly to major events according to the trend， to carry out publicity timely， to innovate the report forms， and thus make it easy for the public to accept and implement.

Aprendizaje interprofesional en los internados de las carreras de la salud del Hospital Josefina Martínez / Interprofessional learning of interns at Josefina Martínez Hospital

Introducción: las dinámicas de atención en salud requieren que los profesionales que componen el equipo de salud trabajen en for-ma colaborativa. Sin embargo, durante su formación, las oportunidades de aprendizaje con otras disciplinas son escasas. Se reportan los resultados del primer proyecto para promover el aprendizaje interprofesional en los internos que rotan por el Hospital Josefina Martínez. Método: de marzo a julio 2018, se realizó un taller constituido por dos sesiones, en cada rotación de internado. Participaron internos de cinco carreras en forma conjunta (kinesiología, odontología, nutrición, fonoaudiología y terapia ocupacional). Se adaptó la encuesta de disposición al aprendizaje interprofesional, para ser aplicada antes y después de cada taller. Se calcularon las medianas, rangos intercuartílicos (Q1; Q3y se compararon los puntajes mediante test de Wilcoxon. Resultados: hubo una disposición positiva inicial al aprendizaje interprofesional, con mejoría significativa después de los talleres en todas las dimensiones de la encuesta: Trabajo en equipo y colaboración (<0,001), trabajo centrado en el paciente (<0,001), y sentido de identidad profesional (<0,05). La diferencia del puntaje global de la encuesta también fue significativa (<0,001). Conclusiones: se demostró un cambio favorable y significativo en las respuestas de los internos después de los talleres, en todas las dimensiones de la encuesta. En los comentarios, destacaron la relevancia de aprender con estudiantes de otras carreras, describiendo que aumentó su conocimiento sobre éstas y reforzando el impacto que dicha integración tiene en mejorar la atención y resolución de problemas en salud.

Background: The dynamics of health care require that the health professionals work collaboratively; however, during their training, learning opportunities with other disciplines are infrequent. The results of the first project to promote interprofessional learning in the clinical internship at Hospital Josefina Martínez are reported. Methods: From March to July 2018, two workshops for each internship rotation were carried. Students from fivecareers participated together (Kinesiology, Dentistry, Nutrition, Speech Therapy, and Occupa-tional Therapy). The readiness to interprofessional scale survey was adapted, to be applied before and after each workshop. Medians, interquartile range (Q1; Q3) were calculated, and the Wilcoxon test was used to compare the results. Results: There was an initial po-sitive readiness for interprofessional learning, with a significant improvement in all the dimensions of the survey, after the workshops: Teamwork and collaboration (<.001), patient-centered care (<.001), and sense of professional identity (<.05). The differences from the overall survey were also significant (<0.001). Conclusions: A favorable change was demonstrated in the responses of the students after the workshops, overalland in all the dimensions of the survey. In the comments, the students highlighted the relevance of learning with students from other careers, describing that it increased their knowledge about different professions and strengthening the impact that this integration has in improving attention and resolving health problems.