Disposición de profesionales de la salud chilenos hacia la consejería breve anti-tabaco en pacientes hospitalizados de una institución privada / Readiness of chilean healthcare professionals towards brief tobacco cessation counseling in hospitalized smoking patients of a private institution

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la disposición pre y post intervención de profesionales de la salud de una consejería breve antitabaco (CBA) para pacientes fumadores hospitalizados. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal, con 65 sujetos participantes. RESULTADOS: El 84,6% de los participantes son mujeres, con edad promedio de 33.8 años (DS±9,1). El 52,3% se desempeñaba como técnico en enfermería, seguidos por los enfermeros(as) (18,5%). El 34,9% de los sujetos eran fumadores, de ellos el 21,6% fumaba entre 1 y 5 cigarrillos diarios. Se observó mayor disposición y aceptabilidad hacia la CBA en los proveedores de salud que no fuman versus los fumadores en la medición basal. Post intervención hay diferencias significativas n el grupo de profesionales fumadores, mejorando su disposición y aceptabilidad hacia la CBA. CONCLUSIONES: A mayor consumo de tabaco en los proveedores de salud, menor es la disposición, la aceptabilidad y la conducta habitual de realizar la CBA a los pacientes adultos hospitalizados. Una intervención de CBA dirigida a personal fumador ha demostrado ser efectiva en mejorar su disposición. Si bien el ser fumador constituye una barrera de implementación, es algo que se puede mejorar con capacitación, por lo que se invita a tomar en considerar el nivel de consumo de tabaco de los funcionarios en futuras intervenciones de CBA en pacientes hospitalizados.

OBJECTIVE: To assess readiness among healthcare providers in pre- and post- brief tobacco cessation counseling (BTCC) intervention for hospitalized smoking patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional correlational study, with 65 participants. RESULTS: 84,6% of the participants are women, with an average age of 33,8 years (DS9,1). 52,3% work as nursing technicians, followed by nurses (18,5%). 34,9% of the participants are smokers, of which 21,6% smoke between 1 and 5 cigarettes a day. Greater readiness and acceptability towards BTCC are observed in non-smoking healthcare providers. Significant differences are found in the post BTCC intervention group of smoking healthcare providers, improving their readiness and acceptability towards BTCC. CONCLUSIONS: The greater the tobacco consumption of healthcare providers, the lower readiness, acceptability, and common practice of performing BTCC on hospitalized adult patients. A BTCC intervention aimed at smoking healthcare providers has been shown to be effective in improving their readiness. Although being a smoking healthcare provider has shown to be a barrier to BTCC implementation, it is something that can be overcome with intervention, which is why it is important to consider the level of tobacco consumption of healthcare providers in future implementation of BTCC in hospitalized patients.

Discussion Points for Developing Support System for Inclusion of Healthcare Students with Disabilities / 医学教育

The number of students with disabilities is increasing in healthcare and other fields. However, support systems have yet to progress, and faculty and staff often find it difficult in the field. About 10% of medical students in the United States report that they have a disability, and reasonable accommodation is provided in didactic, lab, and clinical setting. The government and others have indicated support policies for students with disabilities, and a large-scale survey of healthcare providers with disabilities has been conducted, and the issues have been clarified. This section introduces specific examples of support and reasonable accommodation for students with disabilities overseas. It is thought that the training of students with disabilities and their employment will facilitate diversity among healthcare professionals and improve the quality of healthcare. There is an urgent need to understand the overall picture of healthcare students with disabilities in Japan and to develop support systems for their inclusion.

Healthcare providers' satisfaction with participation in private health insurance scheme in a city in the southern Nigeria

Health insurance coverage in Nigeria is still very low as over 70% of health care expenditure is financed by out-of-pocket payment. Health care providers are critical participants in the private health insurance scheme, therefore, their perception and satisfaction with the scheme is fundamental in ensuring sustainability. This study assessed health providers' satisfaction with private health insurance scheme in Port Harcourt Rivers State.Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study which engaged a two-stage sampling method to recruit 60 participating health facilities and 180 responding health personnel by simple random sampling at each stage. A structured, pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on the levels of satisfaction with the four major domains of satisfaction viz; billing rate, payment models, HMO administrative processes and claims management. Data was analysedusing of SPSS, version 26. Characteristics of the responding facilities were tabulated and compared. Level of satisfaction was deduced by Likert Scale according to the domains of satisfaction. Regression analysis with p-value was set at less than or equal to 0.05 was used to determine the predictors of satisfaction with participation in health insurance. The level of satisfaction with negotiated billing rates, payment models, HMO administrative processes and claims management were analyseddescriptively, and results were presented as means, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages, in tables, pie and bar charts

SNORE (Sleep Deprivation Among Night Shift Health Staff on Rotation Evaluation) Study Protocol

Background: SNORE (Sleep deprivation among Night shift health staff On Rotation-Evaluation) study is conceptualized to study the effects of sleep deprivation on healthcare professionals working night shifts on rotation. Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study is devised including health-care profes-sionals working night shifts on rotation at a tertiary level health-care facility, using a semi-structured questionnaire which can test sleep deprivation, cognitive ability, and quality of life. The process is to ap-proach 309 probable study participants based on stratified random sampling, after exclusion of health-care professionals with other factors which may interfere with sleep deprivation testing. Discussion: The study protocol was set in such a way as to randomly include participants from all cadres of healthcare providers as per population proportion. By measuring the effects on cognitive effect and quality of life necessary steps can be taken to provide better quality of life and to decrease cognitive im-pairment, especially among health care professionals working night shifts.

Percepção de determinantes de saúde e doença em um território: relato de experiência / Perception of health and disease determinants in a territory: experience report / Percepción de los determinantes de la salud y enfermedad en un territorio: reporte de experiencia

O processo saúde-doença compreende amplas variáveis que envolvem o indivíduo e o meio em que vive. Diante da pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus, da síndrome respiratória aguda grave e das necessidades de saúde da população no contexto do território, este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer a percepção de usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) sobre os determinantes de saúde e doença, aliado à perspectiva do controle social e dos direitos e deveres dos usuários. Trata-se de um relato de experiência elaborado no contexto de atuação da equipe de residentes multiprofissionais em Atenção Básica/Saúde da Família e Comunidade da Prefeitura Municipal de Mossoró. Foram realizadas três etapas, constituídas por planejamento e pesquisa bibliográfica acerca do controle social e participação da comunidade no SUS; encontro com agentes comunitários de saúde para o (re)conhecimento ampliado do território; e encontro com membros da comunidade para discussão dos determinantes de saúde e doença no território. Os usuários participantes manifestaram uma visão ampliada do conceito de saúde, com menção a problemas ambientais e sociais que impactam as condições da saúde em sua comunidade. Pela experiência da ação, pode-se observar que a população sente a necessidade de momentos em que possa ser ouvida e, com os profissionais de saúde, debater os problemas e possíveis soluções para a comunidade, compreendendo sua corresponsabilização no processo de promoção da saúde nos âmbitos individual e coletivo, estabelecendo vínculos construtivos.

The health-disease process comprises broad variables that involve the individual and the environment in which they live. Given the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome, and the health needs of the population within a territory, this study sought to know the perception of Unified Health System (SUS) users about health and disease determinants, combined with the perspective of social control, and the rights and duties of users. This experience report was elaborated amidst a multidisciplinary team of residents in Primary Care/Family and Community Health of the Municipality of Mossoró. The research consisted of three stages: planning and bibliographical research about social control and community participation in the SUS; meeting with community health agents for a broader knowledge of the territory; and meeting with community members to discuss health and disease determinants in the territory. Participants expressed an expanded view of the concept of health, mentioning environmental and social issues that affect health conditions in their community. This experience showed that the population feels the need to be heard and discuss, together with health professionals, the problems and possible solutions for the community, understanding their co-responsibility in individual and collective health promotion actions, establishing constructive bonds.

El proceso salud-enfermedad tiene amplias variables que involucran al individuo y al medio en que se vive. Ante la pandemia provocada por el nuevo coronavirus, el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo y las necesidades de salud de la población en el contexto del territorio, este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer la percepción de los usuarios del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) sobre los determinantes de la salud y la enfermedad, combinados con la perspectiva del control social y los derechos y deberes de los usuarios. Este es un reporte de experiencia, elaborado en el contexto del trabajo del equipo multidisciplinario de residentes en Atención Básica/Salud Familiar y Comunitaria del Municipio de Mossoró (Brasil). Se realizaron tres momentos, consistentes en la planificación y búsqueda bibliográfica sobre control social y participación comunitaria en el SUS; encuentro con agentes comunitarios de salud para el (re)conocimiento ampliado del territorio; y reunión con miembros de la comunidad para discutir los determinantes de la salud y la enfermedad en el territorio. Los usuarios participantes expresaron una visión ampliada del concepto de salud, mencionando problemas ambientales y sociales que repercuten en las condiciones de salud de su comunidad. Se puede observar, a partir de la experiencia de la acción, que la población siente la necesidad de momentos en los que se pueda escucharla para, junto a los profesionales de la salud, discutir los problemas y posibles soluciones a la comunidad, que llevan en consideración su corresponsabilidad en la promoción de la salud a nivel individual y colectivo, y establecen vínculos constructivos.

Exploring the knowledge and perception towards generic medicines among undergraduate medical and nursing students – A questionnaire-based comparative study

Background: Healthcare providers are still hesitant in prescribing generic medicines due to several misconceptions about bioequivalence, efficacy, quality, and safety of generic medicines as compared to their branded counterparts. Proper teaching and training help in positive changes in perception as well as the prescribing and dispensing practices of healthcare providers. Aim and Objectives: The aims of this study were to study the knowledge and perception about the generic medicine among 2nd year MBBS and nursing students and to find out the differences between the student’s responses. Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted involving 83 2nd year MBBS students and 60 2nd year nursing students in Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar (M.P.), India. Assessment of knowledge and perception about generic medicines using the normal 5-point Likert scale and calculation using the independent-samples Mann–Whitney U-Test and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for differences observed among the two groups. Results: Only 33% of MBBS students and 17% of nursing students were select correct answer for bioequivalence limits. Almost 82% of MBBS and 53% of nursing students were agreed toward generic medicines are less expensive than brand name medicines (P = 0.00). Only 45% of MBBS students and 15% of nursing students were disagreed toward generic medicines are of inferior quality to branded drugs (P = 0.001). About 37% of MBBS students and 20% of nursing students were disagreed toward generic medicines are less effective and less safe than brand name medicines (P = 0.01) and only 12% of MBBS students and 7% of nursing students were disagreed toward brand name medicine which are required to meet higher safety standards than generic medicines (P = 0.09). Conclusion: In our study, we found that significant knowledge gap with regard to the regulatory bioequivalence limits for generic medicines and misconceptions about generic drugs is also quite prevalent. Educational interventions are most important tool to improve knowledge and change in perceptions among healthcare students about generic medicines and eventually promote practice of prescribing cost-effective generic drugs.

Fortalecimiento del recurso humano para la atención de personas con enfermedades crónicas / Strengthening Human Resources for Providing Care to People with Chronic Diseases

Introducción: Las enfermedades crónicas implican un reto sanitario e intersectorial. Por ello, los prestadores requieren adquirir competencias específicas según estándares nacionales e internacionales para implantar una atención primaria de salud que provea acceso y cobertura universal. Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre elementos relevantes vinculados a las competencias de los proveedores de salud para la atención de personas con condiciones crónicas, en el contexto de la atención primaria de salud. Métodos: Se discuten estrategias, la implementación del Modelo de Cuidados Crónicos y la adquisición de competencias, analizando aspectos de la formación profesional, el aseguramiento de la educación continua y la disposición de los proveedores para estar a la vanguardia de los cuidados. Conclusiones: Para proveer una atención integral a personas con enfermedades crónicas es necesario el fortalecimiento del capital humano y la instalación de relaciones coproductivas entre el equipo multidisciplinario. Además, es fundamental que los equipos conozcan e incorporen estrategias con demostración de eficacia a nivel internacional, entre ellos se encuentra el Modelo de Cuidados Crónicos, cuya implementación ha sido lenta y con desarrollo parcial(AU)

Introduction: Chronic diseases represent a health and intersectoral challenge. Therefore, providers need to acquire specific competences according to national and international standards, in order to implement primary healthcare providing universal access and coverage. Objective: To reflect on the relevant elements related to the competences of healthcare providers for the care of people with chronic conditions in the context of primary healthcare. Methods: Strategies are discussed, together with the implementation of the chronic care model and the acquisition of competences, analyzing aspects of professional training, the assurance of continuing education and the willingness of providers to be at the forefront of care. Conclusions: In order to provide comprehensive care to people with chronic diseases, it is necessary to strengthen human capital and create coproductive relationships among the multidisciplinary team. In addition, it is essential that the teams be aware of and incorporate strategies that have been shown to be effective at the international level, including the chronic care model, whose implementation has been slow and only partially developed(AU)

Study on knowledge, attitudes and practices of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers in China and their influencing factors / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers in China and analyze the factor influencing the KAP.Methods:A self-developed questionnaire was used for an online research on the KAP of 11 849 pediatric healthcare providers from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of China from March 11 to 14, 2022.The factors influencing the KAP of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers were examined by Logistic regression. Results:The scores of KAP, of pulse oximetry were 5.57±0.96, 11.24±1.25 and 11.19±4.54, respectively.The corresponding scoring rates were 69.61%, 74.95%, and 55.99%, respectively. Logistic regression results showed that the gender and working years of pediatric healthcare providers, the region they were located, and whether their medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters were the main factors affecting the knowledge score (all P<0.05). Main factors influencing the attitude score of pediatric healthcare providers included their knowledge score, gender, educational background, working years, region, medical institution level, and whether the medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). For the practice score, the main influencing factors were the knowledge score, gender, age, and whether the medi-cal institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Chinese pediatric healthcare providers need to further improve their knowledge about and attitudes towards pulse oximetry.Pulse oximeters are evidently under-used.It is urgent to formulate policies or guidelines, strengthen education and training, improve knowledge and attitudes, equip more institutions with pulse oximeters, and popularize their application in medical institutions.

Traducción y análisis de validez de contenido del instrumento Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Practitioners (OMS-HC) para la evaluación del estigma hacia la enfermedad mental en profesionales de la salud en Chile / Translation and content analysis of the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Practitioners (OMS-HC) for the assessment of stigma towards mental illness in health care professionals in Chile

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las personas con enfermedades mentales con frecuencia experimentan estigma por parte de profesionales de la salud, por lo que es necesario disponer de instrumentos para evaluar el estigma e implementar acciones para reducirlo. Este manuscrito describe el proceso de traducción y validación de contenido en Chile del instrumento Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Practitioners (OMS-HC), para la evaluación del estigma en profesionales de la salud hacia personas con enfermedad mental desarrollado originalmente en Canadá. MÉTODO: Se realizó la traducción y análisis de validación de contenido, incluyendo etapas de traducción inglés-castellano y traducción inversa por traductora profesional, triangulación, y finalmente consulta a expertos para evaluación de validez de contenido según Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC) con 10 expertos de investigación, academia, y experto por experiencia en salud mental. Se consideró aceptables ítems con IVC entre 0,51-0,99. RESULTADOS: Del total de 20 ítems del cuestionario, dos fueron evaluados con IVC menor al establecido, relacionados con constructos "hope" y "compassion", propios del marco teórico-modelo de Recovery, base del instrumento. Los dos ítems fueron re-evaluados con autores originales para adaptarlos procurando fidelidad al constructo, en un proceso iterativo con expertos. CONCLUSIONES: Se presenta la traducción del instrumento Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Practitioners (OMS-HC) adaptado al castellano y con análisis de su validación de contenido, consistente de 20 ítems para evaluación del estigma hacia personas con enfermedades mentales en profesionales de la salud, posibilitando nuevos estudios que analicen su validez de criterio, y la exploración de su utilidad a nivel local.

INTRODUCTION: People with mental illnesses frequently experience stigma from health care professionals, which is why it is an urge to count with adequate assessments to evaluate stigma to address it. This manuscript describes the process of language translation and content validation in Chile of the Opening Minds Scale for the assessment of stigma against people with mental illnesses in Healthcare Practitioners (WHO-HC), originally developed in Canada. METHODS: Language translation and content validation analysis were performed, including English-Spanish translation and reverse translation by professional translator, item triangulation by researchers, and content validity analysis of the translated questionnaire by expert evaluation based on the Content Validity Index (CVI), including 10 experts in academia, research, and one expert by experience. Items rated with CVI 0.51-0.99 were considered acceptable. RESULTS: From the total of 20 items of the questionnaire, two were rated with lower CVI than acceptable, specifically related to the constructs "hope" and "compassion", part of the theoretical framework of Recovery in which the questionnaire is based on. The two items were re-evaluated including original authors to adapt them seeking fidelity to the foundational constructs, through an iterative process with experts. CONCLUSIONS: The translation of the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Practitioners (WHO-HC) is presented, adapted to Spanish in Chile after content analysis, consisting of 20 items for the evaluation of stigma towards people with mental illness in health professionals, enabling the development of new studies to analyze criterion validity, and the exploration of feasibility and utility at the local level.

Effectiveness of an educational program on improving healthcare providers’ knowledge of acute stroke: A randomized block design study / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#BACKGROUND: Stroke is a time-sensitive neurological disease and a life-threatening medical condition. Providing timely management for stroke patients is a crucial issue in healthcare settings. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an evidence-based educational program on healthcare providers’ (HCPs) overall knowledge of stroke. METHODS: A randomized block design with post-test only was used. A total of 189 HCPs (physicians, registered nurses, and paramedics) involved with treating stroke patients in the emergency were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or waiting list control group. A one-session, stroke educational program was offered to the HCPs followed by a post-test designed to assess knowledge about stroke. RESULTS: A significant main effect on the profession type was found, with physicians having higher mean scores of stroke knowledge compared with nurses and paramedics (F [2, 183]=48.55, P<0.001). The implemented educational program had a positive effect on increasing the level of stroke knowledge among HCPs (F [1, 183]=43.31, P<0.001). The utilization of any evidence-based assessment tools for patients with suspected stroke was denied by 36% of the total sample. CONCLUSIONS: The implemented intervention can increase HCP’s knowledge regarding stroke. Stroke education should be considered as one of the essential requirements for professional development for all HCPs in the emergency.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards cervical cancer screening among healthcare providers in Luang Prabang and Salavan Provinces, Lao PDR / Lao Medical Journal

@#Objective: we aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of healthcare providers (HCP) towards cervical cancer (CC) screening and to identify possible factors associated with its low utilization among women presenting at gynaeco-obstetrics units in the Lao PDR. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March - June 2018 on a sample of 85 (HCP) at gynaecology units in two provincial and eleven district hospitals in Luang Prabang (LPB) and Salavan (SLV) Provinces. Results: Of the 85 HCP, 63.4% were from SLV and 36.6% from LPB. 81% were females and mean ager was 32 years. Only 7% of them had good knowledge, 18.8% had good CC screening attitudes and only 1.2% had good CC screening practices. 36.2% of female HCP had been screened for CC and 48.3% had not been screened because they thought only those who had symptoms and risk factors should go for. The most common reasons for not conducting routine CC screening of patients were: lack of medical equipment (53.7%), and incompetent techniques (43.3%). HCP graduates and post graduates had a higher knowledge score (aOR = 4.09, 95% CI: 1.43-11.66, P = 0.008), and attitude score (aOR = 5.54, 95% CI: 1.55-19.75, p=0.008). Those, who had been working for more than 10 years, were more likely to have higher attitude scores (aOR = 6.07, 95% CI: 1.36-27.15, p =0.018). Conclusions: CC screening knowledge among HCP is generally fair. However, CC screening attitudes are still poor. Re-orientation courses on CC screening for HCP are urgently needed in order to move forward to the next steps in CC screening programs.

Knowledge, Practices and Attitude of Healthcare Providers about Using Face Mask to Limit the Spread of the Novel Coronavirus Disease

Aim: There is evidence that health care providers have insufficient knowledge and poor practices regarding the use of surgical mask. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the knowledge, practices and attitudeof healthcare providers about using face mask in order to limit the spreading of the novel coronavirus disease.Methodology:This was a cross sectional pilot study included a questionnaire about the knowledge of health care workers regarding the use of surgical face mask to prevent the new COVID-19 spreading and about their practices and the attitude of them regarding the use of surgical face mask to limit the new COVID-19 exposure Results: About 86.21% of health care workers said that the correct way ofusing surgical face maskisWhite side facing in and about 65.52% of them said that N-95 mask is the mask type that actually protect against COVID-19. All of the respondents reported that they wear a mask in public places to protect themselves against COVID-19 and that they wear a mask in hospital premises to protect themselves against COVID-19 (100.00%).Conclusion: The Knowledge, attitude, and practice of health care providers regarding the use of surgical face masks were found to be good but still more knowledge is required about several aspects such as the types of masks, the duration of using masks and the disposal of the masks

Factors Responsible for Work Stress among Health Care Providers and Frequency of Antidepressant Medicine Use

Objective:To assess the contributing factors of occupational stress and frequency of antidepressant medicine use among healthcare providers working at Isra University Hospital.Study Setting: IsraUniversity Hospital, Hyderabad Sind Pakistan.Study Design: Cross-sectional.Materials and Methods:All the health care providers of Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad of either gender formed the sample of the study. A structured questionnaire in English language was designed to gather data on factors contributing to occupational stress. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20.Results:The impact of work stress on work performance was explored in 100 study participants. The results indicated that 87% of study sample affirmed that stress lead topoor performance. Out of all participants, 79% were female and 21% were males. The analysis of stress elevating factors showed that 56% study participants had stress due to low salary, 17% felt stress due to seniors ‘negative attitude’ and 15% due to low job satisfaction. Result showed that 27.0% subjects reduce stress by sharing with theirfriends, 25% by prayers, 21% use the music during stress, 19.0% share with family and 8% using the antidepressant medicine during stress.Conclusion:It was concluded that low job satisfaction, lesser pay and seniors’ attitude are common contributing stress factors. Sharing with family and friends, music, prayers and use of the antidepressant medicine were the common methods of stress reduction

Improving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performance using an audio-visual feedback device for healthcare providers in an emergency department setting in Malaysia: a quasi-experimental study

@#Introduction: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) remains the primary mechanism of resuscitation for cardiac arrest victims. However, the quality of delivery of CPR varies widely in different settings, possibly affecting patient outcomes. This study is aimed to determine the efficacy of an audio-visual (AV) CPR feedback device in improving the quality of CPR delivered by healthcare providers. Methods: This pre-post, single-arm, quasi-experimental study randomly sampled 140 healthcare providers working in the Emergency Department of Hospital Ampang, Malaysia. Parameters of CPR quality, namely chest compression rate and depth were compared among participants when they performed CPR with and without an AV CPR feedback device. The efficacy of the AV CPR feedback device was assessed using the Chi-square test and Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) models. Results: The use of an AV CPR feedback device increased the proportion of healthcare providers achieving recommended depth of chest compressions from 38.6% (95% Confidence Interval, 95%CI: 30.5, 47.2) to 85.0% (95%CI: 78.0, 90.5). A similar significant improvement from 39.3% (95%CI: 31.1, 47.9) to 86.4% (95%CI: 79.6, 91.6) in the recommended rate of chest compressions was also observed. Use of the AV CPR device significantly increased the likelihood of a CPR provider achieving recommended depth of chest compressions (Odds Ratio, OR=13.01; 95%CI: 7.12, 24.01) and rate of chest compressions (OR=13.00; 95%CI: 7.21, 23.44). Conclusion: The use of an AV CPR feedback device significantly improved the delivered rate and depth of chest compressions closer to American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations. Usage of such devices within real-life settings may help in improving the quality of CPR for patients receiving CPR

Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Stigma of Tuberculosis among Healthcare Providers in Hospital Ampang

@#Introduction: Malaysia is an intermediate tuberculosis burdened country as classified by WHO. There was a recent rise in TB incidence. Healthcare providers, especially in secondary or tertiary centers, were constantly exposed to TB infected patients, which is a hazard source for TB infection. Thus, assessment of behavior towards TB is paramount through knowledge, attitude, health-seeking practice, and stigma domains. Method: A cross-sectional survey was carried out between November 2014 and February 2015 among healthcare providers in Medical Department, Hospital Ampang. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver 21. Results: Despite overall good knowledge on TB, only 20% of the correspondence knew which patient’s population is at risk of TB infection. Almost all perceived TB as a health threat and willing to seek medical care if they developed TB symptoms. However, a small proportion (5.3%) will keep it a secret if they contracted TB. This is contrasted by the majority that perceived TB patients will not be accepted by the community. Conclusion: Knowledge and attitude towards TB was adequate within the healthcare providers in Medical Department, Hospital Ampang despite the presence of some knowledge gaps. However, there was high perceived stigma that needed to be addressed in order for them to deliver the best medical care.

Artificial intelligence and dichotomy on benefits and challenges: what do healthcare providers say?

Background: In a developing country like India, with a vibrant information technology (IT) sector, employing Artificial Intelligence (AI) should be carefully weighed before its introduction in healthcare with relation to perception of healthcare providers (HCP's/Doctors).  Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in medical college and affiliated hospital in India. Initially a pilot study was conducted for reliability and internal consistency of questionnaire. Thereafter, pre-tested questionnaire was distributed to 153 healthcare providers and their responses were analyzed on SPSS version 20.0 (IBM) to identify the demographic and job-related differences in their perception regarding the benefits and challenges of using AI in healthcare.Results: Most of respondent were agreed upon the benefits of using AI in healthcare and most cited benefits were speedy decision making, better resource utilization and improvement in staff satisfaction. Similarly most cited challenges were lack of training on AI enabled machines, lack of skilled technical support, high cost of AI and data privacy issue. Further, Age and Job experience were significantly associated with benefits like timely and speedy decision making, improvement in the patient and staff satisfaction respectively. Furthermore, Age, Department, Job experience, Job profile were significantly associated with challenges like high cost of AI, lack of skilled technical support, lack of training in AI enabled machines and lack of trust in AI among patients.Conclusions: Significant challenges of using AI in healthcare with demographic and job related variable based on the results of this research paper need to be resolved first in order to overcome the initial resistance in employing AI in healthcare.

Learning Predictors in a Distance Program: A Study with Public Healthcare Providers / Preditores da Aprendizagem em um Curso a Distância: Um Estudo com Profissionais da Saúde Pública / Predictores del Aprendizaje en un Curso a Distancia: Un Estudio con Profesionales de la Salud Pública

Abstract Distance programs are frequently used by public healthcare providers at the Unified Healthcare System (SUS) in Brazil. This research consisted of evaluating learning predictors in a distance specialization program offered by a university to public healthcare providers. The main objective of this study was to analyze the influence of variables related to the characteristics of clients (personal data, professional data, well-being at work) and their reaction to the course (instructional procedures and tutor performance) over the learning process. Data collection was conducted through the Internet, with the participation of 125 students. The averages for the items of the Well-being Scale, Reaction to Tutor Performance Scale and Reaction to the Instructional Procedures Scale remained near the midpoint of the Scale. Concerning the learning results, students obtained high averages (grades) in the evaluative activities of the program. Well-being and reaction questionnaires were valid based on the analyzes performed. Multiple regression analyzes showed that participant reaction to instructional procedures and their practice area significantly predicted the learning process of the sample. This work added new knowledge to the distance training evaluation area in public healthcare.

Resumo Ações educacionais ofertadas a distância são utilizadas frequentemente por profissionais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no Brasil. Esta pesquisa consistiu na avaliação de preditores da aprendizagem em um curso de especialização a distância ofertado para profissionais da saúde pública por uma Universidade. O trabalho apresentou o objetivo geral de analisar a influência de variáveis relacionadas às características da clientela (dados pessoais, dados profissionais, bem-estar no trabalho) e à reação ao curso (reação aos procedimentos instrucionais e reação ao desempenho do tutor) no processo de aprendizagem. A coleta foi realizada pela internet, participaram 125 alunos. As médias dos itens da Escala de Bem-estar, da Escala de Reação ao desempenho do tutor e da Escala de Reação aos procedimentos instrucionais ficaram localizadas próximas ao ponto médio da escala. Com relação à aprendizagem, identificaram-se médias altas nas atividades avaliativas dos alunos do curso (notas). Os questionários de bem-estar e de reação mostraram-se válidos a partir das análises realizadas. Análises de regressão múltipla mostraram que a reação aos procedimentos instrucionais e a área de atuação profissional predizem significativamente o processo de aprendizagem na amostra. Verificou-se que este trabalho agregou novos conhecimentos para a área de avaliação de treinamento a distância em saúde pública.

Resumen Acciones de enseñanza virtual son utilizadas frecuentemente por profesionales del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Esta investigación consistió en la evaluación de predictores del aprendizaje en un curso en línea ofrecido a profesionales de la salud por una Universidad. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar la influencia de variables relacionadas con las características de los usuarios y la satisfacción con el curso en el proceso de aprendizaje. La recogida de datos fue realizada a través de Internet. Las medias de los ítems de la Escala de Bienestar de la Escala de Reacción al Desempeño del Tutor y de la Escala de reacción a los Procedimientos Instruccional es están cerca del punto medio de la escala. Con respecto al aprendizaje, se identificaron promedios altos en las actividades de evaluación de los alumnos del curso. Los cuestionarios de bienestar y de reacción se mostraron válidos a partir de los análisis realizados. Los análisis de regresión múltiple realizados muestran que la satisfacción con los procedimientos de formación y la actuación profesional predicen significativamente el proceso de aprendizaje. Se verificó que este trabajo agregó conocimientos para área de evaluación de entrenamiento a distancia en salud pública.

An Electronic Questionnaire Survey Evaluating the Perceived Prevalence and Practices of Lactose Intolerance in 1 to 5 Year Old Children in South East Asia / 대한소아소화기영양학회지

PURPOSE: Lactose intolerance (LI) is perceived to be frequent in Asia and has been reported to have considerable impact on dietary intake, nutritional status and the quality of life. We aimed to gather information from healthcare professionals on the perceived incidence, diagnosis and management of LI in 1 to 5 year old children in Southeast Asia. METHODS: An anonymous electronic survey was sent randomly among healthcare professionals registered in the database of the pediatric societies in Thailand, Indonesia, and Singapore between June and October 2016. RESULTS: In total, 259 health care professionals responded of which 45.5% (n=118) were from Thailand, 37.4% (n=97) from Indonesia and 16.9% (n=44) from Singapore. Of the participants who responded (n=248), primary LI prevalence among children 1 to 3 years of age was estimated to be less than 5% by 56.8%. However, about 18.9% (n=47) answered they did not know/unsure. Regarding secondary LI, 61.6% of respondents (n=153) estimated the prevalence to be less than 15%. But again, 10.8% (n=27) answered they did not know or unsure. Rotavirus gastroenteritis was ranked as the top cause for secondary LI. There was considerable heterogeneity in the diagnostic methods used. The majority of respondents (75%) recommended lactose-free milk to manage primary and secondary LI. CONCLUSION: More education/training of pediatricians on this topic and further epidemiological studies using a more systematic approach are required.

Occupational exposure to sharps injury among healthcare providers in Ethiopia regional hospitals

BACKGROUND: Sharps injury is a penetrating stab wound from a needle, scalpel, or another sharp object that may result in exposure to blood or other body fluids. According to World Health Organization pooled estimate, the annual incidence of sharps injury in Africa was ranged from 2.10 to 4.68 per person per year, but research data in Ethiopia is limited. The aim of the study was to investigate sharps injury prevalence and associated risk factors. METHODS: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 healthcare providers (HCP) in Northeast Ethiopia. Proportionate stratified sampling was used to select HCP. Sharps injury during the last 12 months was an outcome variable whereas demographic characteristics, behavioral attributes, and job environment characteristics were independent variables. Data was collected from April to May 2016 using self-administered questionnaire; which was adapted from World Health Organization best practices for injections and related procedures toolkit. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify sharps injury associated risk factors. Epi Info version 3.5.1 software package was used for data coding and entry whereas Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software package was used for analysis. RESULTS: In total, 195 HCP participated with a response rate of 97.5%. The prevalence of sharps injury was 32.8%. Following adjustment for covariates, lack of in-service job training and previous exposure to sharps injury were statistically significant risk factors for sharps injury. HCP who had no in-service job training were 4.7 times more likely sustained sharps injury compared with those who had in-service job training (p < 0.001, OR = 4.7, 95% CI = 2.05–10.56). HCP who had previous exposure to sharps injury were 3.7 times more likely sustained sharps injury compared with those who were not exposed (p-value = 0.002, OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 1.62–8.27). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed 32.8% or at least three out of ten HCP exposed to sharps injury. This was found statistically significant among HCP who had no in-service job training and who had previous exposure to sharps injury. Thus, training HCP perhaps increase their skill and curiosity to reduce exposure to sharps injury.

Primary Healthcare Providers’ Perceptions of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control in the Western Province of Sri Lanka: A Qualitative Study / 国際保健医療

<b>Objectives</b><BR>  This study aimed at describing primary healthcare (PHC) providers’ opinions and attitudes about non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention in Sri Lanka and to suggest methods to increase their competence in preventing NCDs.<BR><b>Methods</b><BR>  Using purposive sampling, in-depth interviews were conducted among 25 PHC providers: 7 public health nursing sisters (PHNSs), 7 public health inspectors (PHIs), and 11 public health midwives (PHMs) in the western province of Sri Lanka. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and the data were thematically coded. <BR><b>Results</b><BR>  Three major areas regarding PHC providers’ perceptions of NCD prevention and control were identified: insufficient knowledge and training regarding NCD prevention, integrating NCD prevention into MCH activities, and insufficient resources and facilities for NCD prevention. All respondents expressed interest in implementing NCD prevention measures as part of their daily routine. However, insufficient knowledge of NCDs prevented them from playing an active role in NCD prevention and control. PHMs described that they could integrate health education about NCD prevention with their existing duties if they were knowledgeable on strategies to handle it in the field. They recognized that unmet PHNS and PHM quotas caused to hinder their delivery of appropriate services and that they could prevent NCD more effectively by delivering better services if they were provided basic data on NCD of the areas they were in charge of.<BR><b>Conclusion</b><BR>  The PHC providers recognized that they had insufficient knowledge and numbers of PHC providers to deliver services to control and prevent NCDs in the communities. Our findings suggest that it is important to provide sufficient training to PHC providers. In addition, there is a need to increase the numbers of PHC providers and improve facilities of medical officer of health (MOH) office. Moreover, the accessibility of basic NCD data from every administrative division is needed to achieve effective practices regarding NCD prevention and control in Sri Lanka.