Cardio vascular response to core stability exercises in healthy individuals

Background: Low back pain is the most common problem which is present among 60 to 80 percent of population in the world at least once in their life time. It is considered as the most influencing aspect of health of an individual as well as their daily living status. Objective: To examine the cardiovascular responses (Heart Rate, Systolic Blood pressure and Rate Pressure Product) in the abdominal techniques that are (bracing and hollowing) used in core stability exercises. Core stability exercises have been used in the management of low back pain. The cardiovascular effects of exercises that involve postural stabilization, arms and exercises in a lying position are well known. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the cardiovascular effects of 6 core stability exercises on cardiac patients which were used commonly for the treatment of low back ache. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive study which was conducted on a single group of 40 healthy males and females volunteers between age group of 18-25 years. With the mean age group of 21.12+1.042. Subjects were undergraduate students of MNR Sanjeevani College of physiotherapy, Sangareddy and were taken on the basis of convenient sampling. Prior to the participation all subjects were explained briefly about the aims and objectives of the study, health benefits of the core stability exercises and about the procedure of measuring Heart rate (HR), Systolic Blood pressure (SBP) and Rate Pressure product (RPP). All subjects were screened and a detail medical history was taken to exclude any serious illness. Health screening tool questionnaire (AACVPR) was used to identify the serious illness in the subject. One day before to the exercise session subjects were taken to the Gayathri Balakavi, Sreenivasu Kotagiri, Anup Kumar Songa, S. Purna Chandra Shekhar. Cardio vascular response to core stability exercises in healthy individuals. IAIM, 2019; 6(10): 35-42. Page 36 experimental room for familiarization of the procedure. The selected core stability exercises were demonstrated and subjects were instructed not to eat an hour before and not to wear tight clothes, Exercise protocol was designed properly and perfectly for the subjects so that they will be able to perform the exercises easily and effectively and the subjects were asked to participate in the exercise sessions after taking all the necessary measures. Pre and post exercise measurements of Systolic Blood pressure (SBP), Heart rate (HR) and Rate pressure product (RPP) values were measured. Before starting the exercise session subjects were made to relax for 15- 20 minutes, then the initial parameters of cardiovascular performance Systolic Blood pressure (SBP) were measured using automatic BP apparatus Omron M 10. BP cuff was tied to the left arm and patient was in high sitting position with arm supported at heart. Heart rate (HR) and Rate pressure product (RPP) were also measured at the same time along with (SBP). Subjects were asked to do 5 repetitions of all the exercises without any rest period. Post exercise Heart rate (HR), Systolic Blood pressure (SBP), and Rate Pressure Product (RPP) were recorded immediately after they finish the exercise. Now they were made to take rest till resting heart rate (RHR) was achieved. So for the given exercise sessions Systolic Blood pressure (SBP), Heart rate (HR) and, Rate Pressure Product (RPP) were measured for pre and post exercises. Results: There was marked increase in the cardiovascular parameters (heart rate, Systolic Blood pressure, and Rate Pressure Product). After exercise was performed, all the exercises were hemodynamically demanding. The study was done on single group of 40 healthy subjects with the mean age of 21.12 ± 1.04 in which 20 were males and 20 were female subjects. The baseline systolic blood pressure was 110.30 ±11.00 and baseline rate pressure product was 8797.15 ± 1419. The study was done with the aim to measure the acute cardiovascular responses to the core stability exercises. Repeated measures of ANOVA were used as the statistical tool. Conclusion: Core stability exercises can have cardiovascular effects in people with no cardiovascular or cardiopulmonary conditions. These cardiovascular effects may be important with respect to cardiac work, in Cardiac patients for whom these exercises are indicated. So, There was a significant increase in the cardiovascular parameters (Heart Rate, Systolic Blood Pressure, Rate Pressure Product) after the entire exercise session was performed by the subjects of the study.

Novel tailoring algorithm for abrupt motion artifact removal in photoplethysmogram signals

Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals are widely used for wearable electronic devices nowadays. The PPG signal is extremely sensitive to the motion artifacts (MAs) caused by the subject's movement. The detection and removal of such MAs remains a difficult problem. Due to the complicated MA signal waveforms, none of the existing techniques can lead to satisfactory results. In this paper, a new framework to identify and tailor the abrupt MAs in PPG is proposed, which consists of feature extraction, change-point detection, and MA removal. In order to achieve the optimal performance, a data-dependent frame-size determination mechanism is employed. Experiments for the heart-beat-rate-measurement application have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method, by a correct detection rate of MAs at 98% and the average heart-beat-rate tracking accuracy above 97%. On the other hand, this new framework maintains the original signal temporal structure unlike the spectrum-based approach, and it can be further applied for the calculation of blood oxygen level (SpO₂).

Cardiovascular Response to Exercise: Static v/s Dynamic.

Background: Limited research has been carried out to compare acute cardiovascular responses to static and dynamic exercise in older adult. So in our study we compared the responses to static and dynamic exercise in older adults to find out and support the inclusion of resistance exercise as a part of fitness program designed for healthy subjects of older age group. Aims & Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the acute cardiovascular responses of healthy older adults to static and dynamic exercise. Methods: In the present study 8 healthy normotensive volunteers, recruited in age group of 40-60 years, performed IHG exercise. Their HR and BP were recorded prior to and after one minute of 40% maximum voluntary contraction of the forearm. Then after a gap of two weeks subjects, performed dynamic exercise using ergo metric cycle. Their HR and BP were recorded prior to and after one minute of completion of exercise. All the recordings were compared before and after both types of exercise. Results: Both types of exercise led to significant rise in SBP, & HR. The rise in DBP was significant in subjects who performed static exercise only. From BP and HR responses, it is clear that acute responses to both exercises are almost similar, supporting the inclusion of static exercise in exercise programs for older adults. Conclusion: This study indicates that the press or response is well regulated in both exercise groups. This supports the inclusion of resistance exercise as part of an overall fitness program designed for healthy older adults.

Haemodynamic Responses to Tobacco Smoke Inhalation in Male Adolescents in Lusaka, Zambia.

Background: Tobacco smoke is said to cause changes in the levels of catecholamines in the blood, this leads to an increase in blood pressure and heart rate. This is due to nicotine which has also been noted to cause a decrease in vasodilatory activities leading to an increase in both the blood pressure and heart rate. Aim: To determine the acute effects of tobacco smoke on haemodynamics in black male adolescents in Lusaka, Zambia. Study Design: This was an observational study done at the University of Zambia School of Medicine Cardiovascular Research Laboratory in the month of December, 2014. Methodology: Twenty-two (22) black, male-adolescent (age range 19-25 years), active-smokers, consented to participate in the study. The Diasys Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring system (Novacor, France) was used to obtain the Systolic and Diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) and the heart rate. These were obtained 15 minutes before smoking at 5 minute intervals and averaged to obtain the baseline, during the 15 minutes of smoking and on immediate cessation of smoking and thereafter every 15 minutes up to an hour after smoking. Results: There was a significant rise in SBP (mmHg) during smoking (127.9±13.80 mmHg) from baseline values (113.5±13.15 mmHg) (P < .001). It took 30 minutes for the SBP to return to baseline after cessation of smoking. DBP (mmHg) also increased from baseline (79.5±8.79 mmHg) to 85.6±10.92 mmHg during smoking (P <.01). It returned to baseline values immediately after cessation of smoking. The heart rate (bpm) was also noted to significantly increase during smoking (95.2±16.72 bpm) from the values noted before smoking (74.3±13.75 bpm) (P < .05). The mean value for heart rate returned to baseline value by the 15th minute of recovery. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that smoking may be the cause for the acute increases in SBP, DBP and heart rate in smokers. The smoking caused significant increases in all the haemodynamic indices considered in this study within 15 minutes. Both SBP and DBP increases are indices for stroke and coronary heart disease respectively. The effect of increased SBP was noted to last for 30 minutes while DBP returned to baseline immediately after smoking. A significant increase in heart rate was also noted in the study.

Influence of rehabilitation training on heart rate of stroke patients in the early stage / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo observe the influence of rehabilitation training on heart rate of stroke patients in the early stage.MethodsThe heart rate (HR) of 30 patients within one week after the onset of stroke was evaluated by FUKUDA DS 880A teleelectrocardiograph and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was collected during practicing bridging, rolling and moving the arms.ResultsThe HR of 30 patients was only increased 7.57, 6.23 and 6.57 beats per minute during practicing bridging, rolling and moving the arms. RPE of all patients was less than 11.ConclusionAppropriate rehabilitation training is safety and unable to increase the loading of heart in the early stage after the onset of stroke.

Hemodynamic Effect of Propofol and Esmolol under Isoflurane Anesthesia in Dogs / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Propofol has gained widespread popularity but it should at least be questioned in the presence of heart rate lowering medications such as beta-blockers. Esmolol, due to its ultrashort action and cardioselective properties, has been shown to be safe and effective for use in intraoprative tachycardia and hypertension. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the hemodynamic effects of esmolol and propofol under isoflurane anesthesia in dogs. METHODS: Six-mongrel dogs were induced with thiopental, intubated and ventilated with a mixture of isoflurane (1-1.5 vol%) and oxygen. A pulmonary artery catheter was placed via femoral vein and the femoral artery was cannulated. After stabilization, baseline hemodynamic measurements (HR, MAP, CO, SVR) were obtained. Measurements were repeated 5 and 15 minutes after injection of propofol (2 mg/kg), esmolol (1 mg/kg), and additional esmolol (1 mg/kg) for 30 seconds. Data was analyzed by repeated measurement of ANOVA. P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Propofol produced no change in heart rate, MAP, CO and SVR. Heart rate decreased significantly during esmolol administration and remained decreased up to 15 minutes after the injection whereas the MAP, CO and SVR showed no significant changes. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated that the decrease in heart rate continued up to 15 minutes after esmolol administration. These findings suggest that concomittent administration of propofol and esmolol requires monitoring of the heart rate after a bolus intravenous injection of esmolol.