RESUMO
Introducción: La hepatitis C constituye un problema de salud pública mundial por su prevalencia y progresión a la cronicidad. El tratamiento de la hepatitis C con drogas antivirales de acción directa ha revolucionado la práctica de la hepatología clínica por la posibilidad de curar a la mayoría de los pacientes con tratamientos cortos y sin efectos adversos significativos. Objetivo: Caracterizar los pacientes con hepatitis C que recibieron tratamiento con drogas antivirales de acción directa en la provincia Camagüey. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo en la provincia Camagüey durante el período del 4 de enero del año 2021 al 28 de marzo del año 2022. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por 405 pacientes con diagnóstico de hepatitis C en la provincia. La muestra por 110 pacientes que hicieron tratamiento con ribavirina e interferón pegilado y no resolvieron pues sus cargas siguió detectables. Resultados: Se observó un predominio de los pacientes con hepatitis C en el grupo de edad de 55-59 años, sexo masculino, con 1 a 3 años de diagnosticada la enfermedad. No todos terminaron el tratamiento debido a la ocurrencia de fallecimientos. Los que cumplieron con el uso de las drogas antivirales de acción directa sofosbuvir y daclatasvir durante las 12 semanas, en su gran mayoría sus cargas virales resultaron no detectables fundamentalmente en población, no así en los hemodializados aunque estos disminuyeron sus cifras con relación a las que tenían antes de iniciar el tratamiento. Conclusiones: El tratamiento resultó ser efectivo.
Introduction: Hepatitis C constitutes a global public health problem due to its prevalence and progression to chronicity. The treatment of hepatitis C with direct-acting antiviral drugs has revolutionized the practice of clinical hepatology due to the possibility of curing the majority of patients with short treatments and without significant side effects. Objective: To characterize patients with hepatitis C who received treatment with direct-acting antiviral drugs in Camagüey province. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective observational study was carried out in the Camagüey province during the period from January 4th, 2021 to March 28th, 2022. The universe of study consisted of 405 patients diagnosed with hepatitis C in the province. The sample was made up of 110 patients who underwent treatment with ribavirin and pegylated interferon and did not resolve as their charges continued to be detectable. Results: A predominance of patients with hepatitis C was observed in the age group of 55-59 years, male, with 1 to 3 years of diagnosis of the disease. Not all patients completed treatment due to the occurrence of deaths. Those who complied with the use of the direct-acting antiviral drugs sofosbuvir and daclatasvir during the 12 weeks, the vast majority of their viral loads were not detectable, mainly in the population, not so in the hemodialysis patients, although their figures decreased in relation to those who they had before starting treatment. Conclusions: The treatment turned out to be effective.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT This review aims to caution ophthalmologists about the ocular consequences leading to the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection. In addition, in this context, the effects of old and new drugs are discussed in the ophthalmological setting. The importance of early diagnosis and the curative treatment of the disease has been reported in the national and international literature, demonstrating that its progression has important implications for daily clinical and surgical ophthalmological practice. Despite the scarcity of studies on new direct-acting antiviral drugs, fewer side effects of these drugs have been shown when compared with conventional interferon treatment with or without ribavirin. The ophthalmologist's risk of becoming infected, as demonstrated by the presence of the virus in ocular structures, and the possibility of contamination, is also discussed.
RESUMO Esta revisão objetiva alertar os oftalmologistas sobre as consequências oculares que levam ao diagnóstico da infecção pelo vírus da Hepatite C. Além disso, neste contexto, os efeitos de drogas antigas e novas são discutidos no cenário oftalmológico. A importância do diagnóstico precoce e do tratamento curativo da doença tem sido relatada na literatura nacional e internacional, demonstrando que sua progressão tem implicações importantes para a prática oftalmológica diária. Apesar da escassez de estudos sobre novos medicamentos antivirais de ação direta, foram demonstrados menos efeitos colaterais desses medicamentos quando comparados ao tratamento convencional com interferon, com ou sem ribavirina associado ou não à rivabirina. O risco do oftalmologista de se infectar, como demonstrado pela presença do vírus nas estruturas oculares, e a possibilidade de contaminação, também é discutido.