RESUMO
Background: Sciatic nerve is a mixed nerve which provide sensory and motor supply for skin and muscles of the lower limb by tibial and common peroneal nerve. Anatomical variations of sciatic nerve at high division have been reported by various authors. The path of the sciatic nerve is important while administration of intramuscular injection to prevent nerve injury and nerve blockage failure during anesthesia. This knowledge of high division helps in different surgical approach for sciatic nerve injury or hip dislocation. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe incidences of high division variation of Sciatic nerve and different types in cadavers during routine dissection schedule. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted during routine dissection schedule in anatomy department for first MBBS students to observe sciatic nerve course in 30 gluteal regions from 15 adult cadavers fixed by formalin. Location of sciatic nerve in relation to piriformis muscle and its division whether in single nerve sheath or separate sheath and types was recorded. Results: In 12 cadavers (80%), sciatic nerve course found normal which leaves pelvis at inferior border of piriformis muscle and bifurcate in terminal branches tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve as it approaches at the apex of popliteal fossa. In 3 cadavers (20%), two male and one female, we found high division of sciatic nerve where terminal branches, tibial nerve, and common peroneal nerve leave the pelvis below piriformis separately in different sheaths. Conclusion: Knowledge of variations-related high division of sciatic nerve would help surgeons during different interventions related to sciatic nerve and for preventing further complications.
RESUMO
Introduction: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is very common peripheral neuropathy in the wrist due to compression ofMedian Nerve. Detail knowledge of the normal and variant anatomy of the median nerve in the wrist is fundamentalfor clinical examination and also in avoiding complications during carpal tunnel surgeries.Materials and Methods: A study of the variations of the course of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel werecarried out on 60 wrists from 30 formalin fixed adult human cadaver for a period of 3 years in the Departmentof Anatomy.Result: We found variations in 40 [66%] hands out of 60 [100%]. In left hand variations were more compared toright. Rare variations were not found. High division was found in 6 [10%] of all the hands. Among them, 4 were inleft hand and 2 were in right hand.Conclusion: Sometimes incomplete decompression by surgeon for nerve entrapment and injury to its thenarbranches may happen. Sound knowledge about the normal anatomy of the median nerve has become absolutelynecessary to avoid such incidences