RESUMO
Altitude sickness is a common disease caused by hypotension and hypoxia due to low pressure when people move from the plain to the plateau, which causes injury to the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, and ner- vous system. The brain tissue is very sensitive to the decrease in oxygen partial pressure, which can easily cause neuro- nal dysfunction and even lead to neuron apoptosis. The partial pressure of oxygen in the plateau environment is low, and an effective way to improve the host defense ability is to develop anti-hypoxia drugs that improve the ratio of oxyen utiliza- tion. This paper reviews and summarizes the clinical symptoms of the nervous system in the high-altitude environment, including high-altitude headache, acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema, as well as the pathophysio- logical molecular mechanisms and related drug treatments, so as to develop the effective new drugs of anti-hypoxia brain damage and to guide the rational use of clinical scientific drugs.