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Background: Solitary thyroid lesions are a common presentation in the surgical OPD. The signi?cance of solitary nodule is its malignant potential. Thyroid nodule is an elusive clinical problem. Surgeons and Physicians are often required to make a diagnostic or management decision in its treatment. To study the Aim and Objectives: correlation between Clinical, Radiological, Cytological and Histopathological ?nding in patients who presented with “solitary thyroid nodule”. A prospective observational study, Ramakrishna Mission Materials and Methods:Study design: Study area: Seva Pratishthan Hospital, Kolkata, July 2019 to June 2022(3 years), 40 patients, Inclusion criteria: Study period: Sample size: Patients presenting with solitary thyroid nodule, Patients with multinodular goitre, patients with carcinoma Exclusion criteria: thyroid with distant metastasis, paediatric patients and those unwilling. Thorough history, clinical examination, Methodology: investigation (FNAC/USG/Isotope Scan, TSH), appropriate surgical intervention and HPE of excised specimen was done. Results: In our study of 40 cases, 28(70.0%) were colloid goiter, 7(17.5%) were papillary carcinoma, 2(5%) were follicular adenoma, 1(2.5%) was follicular carcinoma, 1(2.5%) was adenomatoid hyperplasia and 1(2.5%) was Hashimoto thyroiditis. 28(70%) cases underwent hemithyroidectomy, 11(27.5%) underwent total thyroidectomy and 1(2.5%) underwent hemithyroidectomy followed by revision total thyroidectomy. 2 cases of papillary carcinoma with enlarged neck nodes underwent total thyroidectomy with neck node dissection. Solitary nodule is most common in woman and in third Conclusion: and fourth decade of life, more common in the right lobe. USG and FNAC are common modalities of investigations with high speci?city and sensitivity. Isotope scan is only indicated to con?rm the toxic nodule. Malignancy reported in my study was 20%. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment will cure the disease since carcinoma thyroid is more curable amongst all cancers.
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Background: Thyroid ultrasound has undergone a dramatic transformation from the cryptic deflections on an oscilloscope produced in A-mode scanning, to barely recognizable B-mode images, followed by initial low resolution gray scale, and now modern high resolution images. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of ultrasonography (USG) and multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) in thyroid swellings, compare the ultrasonographic findings with multi-detector computed tomographic findings and to correlate the radiological findings with histopathological examination (HPE). Materials and methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Radiology, Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally. In this study, 50 patients with thyroid gland swellings diagnosed clinically, referred to Radiology Department were selected during the period from October 2008 to September 2010. Histopathological examination was acquired in 35 cases. The study was carried out to observe the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of USG and MDCT in thyroid gland swellings. Results: Maximum number of patients belonged to the age group of 21-40 years that was 27 cases (54.00%) and maximum number of patients were females – 41 cases (82.00%). Most common diagnosis was multi-nodular goitre on USG-16 cases (32.00%) and MDCT- 14 cases (28.00%), solitary thyroid nodule is common in the right lobe of thyroid by USG -5 cases (62.50%) and MDCT5 cases (62.50%). Most common malignancy was papillary carcinoma of thyroid -5 cases (62.50%) and most common inflammatory disorder was hashimoto’s thyroiditis -5 cases (10.00%). Naveen Kumar S, Vidyadhara Rani P. Ultrasonography (USG) and multi-detector computerized tomography (MDCT) evaluation of thyroid swellings. IAIM, 2017; 4(9): 145-155. Page 146 Conclusion: The present study has concluded that USG is the fast and cost-effective modality of imaging investigation of choice in thyroid diseases and for differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. MDCT is superior to ultrasound in evaluating retrosternal extension, relations and infiltrations in large lesions. It is also very helpful in evaluating extra-capsular, mediastinal, vascular invasion, lymph nodal involvement and metastasis. MDCT is very crucial in preoperative planning in malignancies of thyroid and large benign lesions.
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Background: Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and the tenth most common cancer in women. It is common in industrialized countries than in developing countries, and in urban than in rural dwellers. Transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder may be papillary or non papillary and invasive or in situ. Non papillary tumors or at least the poorly differentiated papillary tumors arise from areas of atypical urothelial proliferation. Materials and methods: A total of 54 cases were included in the study. 67 urine samples from all the 54 cases were categorized on the basis of the guidelines of the “Five-category cytological classification”. The cases were identified on the basis of clinical features of hematuria, frequency, urgency, dysuria or past history of bladder tumor. The criteria for inclusion in our study was either a positive urine cytology with a subsequent positive/ negative biopsy or positive/ negative urine cytology followed by a subsequent biopsy, positive for
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Background: Solitary nodular goitre is clinically defined as a single nodule in otherwise normal thyroid gland. It can be benign or malignant. Solitary nodule has a higher risk of malignancy (15- 20%) when compared to multi-nodular goitre (3-5%). Aim: We conducted a study to evaluate the clinical and radiological factors associated with occurrence of malignancy in Solitary Nodular Goitre (SNG); to find out the incidence of SNG in this part of North Chennai; to analyze the correlation of preoperative cytological and postoperative histopathological results. Materials and methods: It was a prospective study on fifty patients who were clinically diagnosed as SNG. All patients were evaluated with an Ultrasonogram (USG) Thyroid and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC). After surgery, the Histopathological Examination (HPE) reports were compared with the FNAC findings. Results: SNG was more common in the age group of 21-40 years. 86% of SNG patients were females. The incidence of malignancy in SNG this study was 12% which commonly involved males. Among the malignancies, papillary carcinoma was the most common and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was found to be associated with it. The presence of microcalcifications and paratracheal nodes in USG were more in favour of malignancy. The FNAC report correlated well with the HPE reports, the accuracy of FNAC being 90% in this study. Conclusion: SNG has a high risk of malignancy, especially in males and the most common type being papillary carcinoma. FNAC is the gold standard pre-operative investigation that is well correlated with post operative HPE results