Histopathological pattern of endoscopic gastric biopsies in dyspeptic patients in a Nigerian population

Background and Objective: Dyspepsia is one of the most common complaints encountered in the general outpatient and gastroenterology clinics in Nigeria. Histopathological assessment of endoscopic gastric mucosa biopsy is crucial to delineate the exact cause of dyspepsia to guide patients' management. This study aimed to determine and document the histopathological basis of dyspepsia among dyspeptic patients at our facility. Material sand Methods: This was a three year descriptive retrospective study and the materials consisted of all gastric endoscopic biopsies taken from clinically diagnosed dyspeptic patients sent to the Department of Histopathology of the Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria. Results: The biopsies were from 64 (53.2%) male patients and 56 (46.8%) female patients, giving a male to female ratio of 1.14:1. The age range of the patients was 28-82 years with a mean of 56 years at presentation. Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) bacilli were identified in the samples of 42 (35%) patients but absent in samples of 78 (65%) patients. The histopathological pattern of the aetiological basis of dyspepsia in this study consisted of gastritis (96, 80%), functional (17, 14.2%), adenocarcinoma (4, 3.3%) and polyps (3, 2.5%). H. Pylori bacilli were seen only in patients with gastritis (42/96, 43.8%), and it affected 19 (45.2%) male patients and 23 (54.8%) female patients. Chronic active H. Pylori associated gastritis (24, 25%) was the most common form of gastritis seen during the study period. Conclusion: The main organic cause of dyspepsia in our setting was chronic gastric followed in the distant by gastric adenocarcinoma and polyp. Dyspepsia and H. Pylori associated gastritis did not show a significant gender predilection

Histopathological Changes in Stomach Wall at Sites Other than the Ulcer Site in Peptic Ulcer Disease and its Association with Helicobacter pylori

Introduction: A peptic ulcer (PU) is a break in the lining of the gastrointestinal tract, extending through to the muscular layer(muscularis mucosae) of the bowel wall. It is an endoscopic diagnosis. While they may technically appear anywhere in thegastrointestinal tract, they are most often located on the lesser curvature of the proximal stomach or the first part of the duodenum.Aim: This study aims to study the changes in stomach wall at sites other than the ulcer site in PU disease and to correlate theassociation of stomach wall changes with Helicobacter pylori infection.Materials and Methods: In this study, patients with duodenal ulcers diagnosed in endoscopy were included in the study. Duringan endoscopy, the stomach wall is examined and any changes in the stomach wall are noted. Endoscopically and biopsy fromtwo areas in the stomach are taken from antrum and body and sent to histopathological examination. Rapid urease test toconfirm the presence of H. pylori was done.Results: Sixty patients were included, 67% of patients were male, 82% of patients were positive in rapid urease test, 84%antrum was affected, and 50% in the body of the stomach was affected. The overall incidence of chronic atrophic gastritis isnearly 84.1% when compared to other types of lesions.Conclusion: Gastric antrum was the most common site for H. pylori than the body of the stomach. The presence of H. pyloriin the stomach wall is associated with active on chronic gastritis.

Clinical Study of Cyst in the Jaws

The purpose of this study is to find the histopathological pattern of cysts. We reviewed the hospital chart, out-patient chart, roentgenogram, histopathologic report and operation report of 152 patients who had been diagnosed as cyst and treated at the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Korea university hospital between Jan. 1, 1995 and Dec. 31, 1998. And then we studied clinically with regard to pathological classification, age and sex distribution, anatomical distribution and so on. The results were as follows : 1. In pathologic classification, radicular cyst (97cases, 64%), dentigerous cyst (35cases, 23%), odontogenic keratocyst (8cases, 5.3%) were dominant among cases of cyst. 2. The pattern of age distribution in cases of radicular cyst, dentigerous cyst and odontogenic keratocyst was similar to that found in previous studies. The peak incidence was in the second decade (27%) and third decade (29%) in overall cases. 3. The male-to-female ratio was 1.9 : 1. 4. Radicular cyst occured most frequently in the maxillary incisor teeth area, dentigerous cyst in mandibular wisdom teeth area, and odontogenic keratocyst in mandibular molar area.