Development and application of a new transurethral surgical robot / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the performance of a novel master-slave transurethral surgical robot system and test its safety and effectiveness.Methods:In September 2021, two urologists (A and B) applied transurethral surgery robot prototype on simulate human tissue model experiments. The transurethral surgical robotic systems used in this study include: master-end control platform, slave-end surgical platform, and end-effector. The main end control platform adopted Omega7 force feedback main hand as the main controller, and the degrees of freedom include: up and down translation, left and right translation, front and back translation, end rotation, end pitch, end swing, end operation. The end-operated surgical platform adopts the Med 7 seven-degree-of-freedom medical collaborative robotic arm to apply precision through the end effector operated resectoscope. The end effectors were modular in design for maximum compatibility with existing surgical instruments. The two doctors routinely assembled the resectoscope and the transurethral surgical robot 20 times each to calculate the assembly time. The routine assembly time of the resectoscope included the time when the lens and light source were connected after the resectoscope had been installed, and the doctor entered the experimental module with the resectoscope in hand. The time to assemble the surgical robot included the time to install the resectoscope with the end effector and connect the lens and light source to enter the experimental module. Two doctors performed 25 simulated prostate resection and 5 simulated bladder resection procedures. The small intestine, heart and stomach of pigs were sutured to construct urethra, prostate and bladder structures that simulated human body: urethra (pig small intestine) was 16-18 cm long, prostate (pig heart) size was about 5 cm×5 cm×6 cm, and bladder (pig stomach) capacity was 250-300 ml. The model was placed in a 3D printed sleeve to simulate the fitting of the urethra to the silicone penis. Prostate resection surgery: the doctor operated the handle on the main end control platform, controld the slave actuator through human-computer interaction, and excisesed the "prostate" around the fixed point under direct vision, simulating standard transurethral prostatectomy, the resection ranges from the bladder neck to the tip of the prostate, and the two lobes and middle lobes were removed. Each operation lasted 40 minutes and the weight of the removed tissue was recorded. Transurethral esection of the bladder: each procedure involved removal of the triangle, bilateral walls, and apical area of the bladder to record the occurrence of perforation. The accuracy of master-slave operating distance, operation attitude accuracy, master-slave operation attitude repeatability, fixed point accuracy, master-slave control start delay time and master-slave control following delay time, robotic arm swing range, limit site and other indicators of the robot were verified by surgery.Results:The positioning accuracy of the end effector of transurethral surgical robot was less than 0.5 mm, the accuracy of master-slave operation distance was ≤0.5 mmthe repeatability distance was ≤0.2 mm, the accuracy of master-slave operation attitude was a≤0.30°, the angle b≤0.30°, the angle C≤0.15°, the accuracy of the fixed point ≤is 0.6 mm, the maximum activity space of the robotic arm was a hemispherical space with a radius of (1 493±5)mm. The delay time of master-slave control startup and master-slave control follow-up delay time did not exceed 100ms; When the end of the manipulator was collided by an external force during the movement, the system could automatically stop the movement of the manipulator, at this time the external force was(70±7) N, and the fixed point setting range was 30-170 mm. The assembly time of transurethral surgery robot by Doctor A and Doctor B was (111.35±57.88) s and (111.70±58.30), respectively.The time of routine assembly resectoscope was (44.90±4.89) s and (44.90±5.16) s, respectively, and the difference between the routine assembly time and robot assembly time of Doctor A and Doctor B were not statistically significant( P=0.679 and P=0.996), the assembly time of the two doctor robots was more than the conventional assembly time( P=0.001 and P=0.001). The average weight of prostate tissue resection in experiments was (43.60±12.42)g and (43.45±12.63)g, respectively. No significant difference was found between them( P=0.954). During the simulated bladder electrosurgery, the robot system could successfully complete the resection of the triangular region, bilateral walls, and top tissues of the bladder. In the surgical experiment, the system operated smoothly, without mechanical failure, module damage, perforation, and other complications. Conclusions:The transurethral surgery robot might be a choice for transurethral surgery.

Design and application of self-service terminal for hyperbaric oxygen therapy / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design a self-service terminal for hyperbaric oxygen therapy in order to improve the orderliness and efficiency of hyperbaric oxygen therapy.Methods The hardware included mainframe and cabinet,and the software used human-computer interface.Network database was connected with ADO technology,and Delphi 7.0,Pascal compiling code were applied to code compilation.Results The self-service terminal involved the patient into the information chain of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to enhance the working efficiency and therapy orderliness.Conclusion The terminal behaves well in hardware,software,network database and human-computer interaction,and thus is worthy promoting to medium and large hyperbaric oxygen chambers.

Design and application of self-service terminal for hyperbaric oxygen therapy / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design a self-service terminal for hyperbaric oxygen therapy in order to improve the orderliness and efficiency of hyperbaric oxygen therapy.Methods The hardware included mainframe and cabinet,and the software used human-computer interface.Network database was connected with ADO technology,and Delphi 7.0,Pascal compiling code were applied to code compilation.Results The self-service terminal involved the patient into the information chain of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to enhance the working efficiency and therapy orderliness.Conclusion The terminal behaves well in hardware,software,network database and human-computer interaction,and thus is worthy promoting to medium and large hyperbaric oxygen chambers.

O Diálogo produtivo no ensino do projeto de interfaces / Productive dialogue on teaching interaction design

Os diálogos produtivos ajudam significativamente no fomento da criatividade, que é requisitada pela indústria e muito relevante e evidente nos processos de projeto de interface. Assim, ensinar a ser criativo é um esforço importante na educação dos alunos envolvidos no estudo de interação humano- computador. Este trabalho destaca a importância da criatividade verbal, fornecendo evidências empíricas de que, quando os alunos se envolvem em discussões produtivas com outros estudantes, novas ideias, novos conhecimentos surgem, e se aprofundam. Neste trabalho foram realizados dois estudos de caso. No primeiro foram investigadas três turmas envolvidas no curso de computação gráfica. Os padrões de discurso produtivo que descrevem avanço do conhecimento quando os estudantes criticaram, mas também criaram a partir de ideias alheias. O segundo estudo de caso foi executado em seis turmas de um curso de interação humano-computador. Resultados de análise das mensagens online mostraram que alunos que fizeram uma melhor avaliação crítica, mas também criativa, relacionaram ideias e buscaram novas interpretações. Além disso, as interfaces desenvolvidas pelos alunos foram mais criativas

Productive dialogues help significantly in fostering creativity, which is required by the industry and very relevant and evident in the process of interfacedesign. Thus, taught to be creative is an important effort in educating the students involved in the study of human computer interaction. This work highlights the importance of verbal creativity, providing empirical evidence that when students engage in productive discussions with other students, new ideas, new knowledge emerge and deepen. In this paper two case studies were conducted. In the first three classes involved were investi gated in the course of computer graphics. Patterns of discourse production depicting the advancement of knowledge when students were involved critically, but creativelly on others' ideas. The second case study was performed in six classes involved in the course of human-computer interaction. Results from discourse analysis showed that students did critical but creative evaluation, also related new ideas and searched for new interpretations. Besiades, the interfaces developed by the students were more creative

Oficina de informática em saúde mental: análise de um percurso / Computer workshop in mental health: an analysis of a trajectory / Taller de informática en salud mental: un análisis de camino

Crescem no Brasil discussões sobre atuação em saúde mental com estratégias consolidadas e construção de estratégias de promoção de saúde e prevenção humanizadoras. Na perspectiva de construção e análise de estratégias não hegemônicas, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa-intervenção que operou com oficinas terapêuticas e dispositivos digitais com usuários de Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Neste artigo objetivamos verificar a produção e expressão de subjetividade de um dos participantes, analisar sua apropriação de artefatos técnicos e possibilidades subjetivas constituídas nas oficinas. Utilizaram-se para análise produções do usuário, diários de campo e entrevistas feitas com o mesmo. Os resultados apontam que recursos informatizados podem ser meios de expressão e de viabilização de construção da subjetividade, conforme sugerem os trabalhos do participante e sua verbalização a respeito do processo. Discutem-se as relações entre uso da tecnologia, processos de subjetivação e proposta de oficina em saúde mental que utiliza recursos informatizados no seu operar.

Grow in Brazil discussions about acting in mental health with consolidated strategies and building strategies for health promotion and prevention humanizing. From the perspective of construction and analysis of non-hegemonic strategies, developed a research intervention that operated with therapeutic workshops and digital devices users Psychosocial Care Center. In this article we aim to verify the production and expression of subjectivity of the participants, analyze its appropriation of technical artifacts and subjective possibilities incorporated in the workshops. Were used for analysis of user productions, field diaries and interviews with the same. The results show that computer resources can be a means of expression and viability of the construction of subjectivity, as suggested by the work of the participant and their verbalization about the process.

Crecem en Brasil discusiones sobre el actuar en salud mental, con estrategias consolidadas y estrategias de construcción para la promoción de salud y prevención de humanización. Desde la perspectiva de la construcción y el análisis de las estrategias no hegemónicas, ha desarrollado una intervención de investigación que opera con talleres terapéuticos y dispositivos digitales de Atención Psicosocial Center. En este artículo se pretende verificar la producción y la expresión de la subjetividad de los participantes, analizar su apropiación de los artefactos técnicos y posibilidades subjetivas constituidas en los talleres. Se utilizaron para el análisis de las producciones de los usuarios, diarios de campo y entrevistas con el mismo. Los resultados muestran que los recursos de la computadora puede ser un medio de expresión y la viabilidad de la construcción de la subjetividad, como lo sugiere el trabajo del participante y su verbalización sobre el proceso.

O sujeito em contextos de uso e desenvolvimento de softwares / The subject in contexts of using and developing software

Este artigo discute a questão do sujeito em psicologia, tomando como cenário as práticas contemporâneas de uso de artefatos digitais, e o contexto menos observado dos ambientes de desenvolvimento de softwares. Discutimos como as ações de desenvolvedores e usuários regulam um ao outro enquanto sujeitos das relações humano-computador. Propomos uma perspectiva de sujeito que se articula pela interlocução da escola de Vygotsky, o Círculo de Bakhtin, e a linguística de Benveniste. Nessa perspectiva, desenvolvedores e usuários são, ambos, autores, e as interfaces computacionais que eles criam, frequentemente tomadas como código apenas, são entendidas como enunciados que disparam uma dinâmica dialógica. Evidenciamos, neste estudo, um sujeito marcado pelas relações estabelecidas com outros sujeitos e outros discursos, cujas vozes encontram-se, muitas vezes, encapsuladas em imagens e palavras das interfaces computacionais.

This article discusses the notion of subject in psychology. The scenario for our discussions will be the contemporary practices of digital artifacts use and the less observed context of developing softwares. In doing so, we elaborate how the actions of those softwares users and developers regulate each other as they become the subjects of human-computer relations. We propose a perspective of subjectivity that articulates a dialogue among Vygotsky's thought, Bakhtin's Circle and Benveniste linguistics. In such a perspective, software users and developers are both authors, and the computer interfaces they create, usually taken as code alone, are understood as enunciations that trigger a dialogical dynamics. In the end, we show a subject who continuously emerges from the relations established with others subjects and other discourses, whose voices are sometimes encapsulated as images and words on a computer interface.

Usabilidad de un sistema de recuperación de información a texto completo: el caso del portal Cybertesis Perú / Usability of a full text information retrieval system: the case of Cybertesis Peru

Se revisaron los programas de recuperación de la información para países en vías de desarrollo; así como las técnicas de evaluación empleadas en el área de la usabilidad, y propias de la interacción humano-computadora, con énfasis en las pruebas empíricas. Se describió la forma de trabajo de un sistema de recuperación de la información a texto completo, distribuido bajo el modelo de software libre, y que ha logrado una importante difusión en el interior de la comunidad académica peruana: la plataforma Cybertesis. Posteriormente, a partir del desempeño logrado por los usuarios que participaron en el estudio, se identificaron los problemas de usabilidad de la interfaz de búsqueda de dicha plataforma. El análisis de los datos revela un exceso de información en la presentación de los resultados y omisiones en los rótulos y etiquetas empleadas; así como la ausencia de opciones necesarias para la búsqueda como, por ejemplo, la búsqueda cronológica. Finalmente, se recomendaron cambios a la interfaz de búsqueda de la plataforma de Cybertesis con vistas a mejorar la efectividad y eficiencia de su sistema de recuperación de la información.

The programs of information retrieval for developing countries were analyzed, as well as the evaluation techniques applied to the usability, and those applied to the human-computer interaction, making emphasis on the empirical tests. A description was made of the work style of a full text information retrieval system distributed as a free software model, which has achieved an important diffusion level within the Peruvian academic community: the Cybertesis site. Subsequently, the usability problems of the search interface of the mentioned site reveals an excess of information in the presentation of the results, as well as omissions in the signs and labels used, and the absence of necessary search options as, for example, chronologic search. Finally, changes to the search interface of Cybertesis were recommended aimed at improving the effectiveness and efficiency of its information recovery system.