The Efficacy of Hyptis Suaveolens: A Review of Its Nutritional and Medicinal Applications.

Aims: To review the phytochemical composition, medicinal uses and pharmacological properties of different parts of the plant, Hyptis suaveolens. Methodology: Detailed data were collected from studies carried out by several researchers on the use of different parts of the plant so as to authenticate the claims by traditional healers in some parts of the world. Results: Hyptis suaveolens has been shown to contain vital nutrients: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, fibre and the phytochemicals: alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and terpenoids which are responsible for its therapeutic use. Conclusion: There is need to isolate and identify compounds from the plant which would serve as food supplements and also used to improve already existing drugs and formulate new ones.

Efeito alelopático de folhas de bamburral [Hyptis suaveolens (L. ) Poit] sobre a germinação de sementes de sorgo (Sorghum vulgare Pers. ), rabanete (Raphanus sativus L. ) e alface (Lactuca sativa L. ) / Allelopathic effects of leaves of "bamburral" [Hyptis suaveolens (L. ) Poit] on the germination of seeds of sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers. ), radish (Raphanus sativus L. ) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. )

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi à verificação do efeito alelopático de Hyptis. suaveolens na germinação de sorgo, alface e rabanete, bem como, a comprovação da existência de compostos com potencial alelopático. Sementes de sorgo, alface e rabanete foram semeadas em substrato constituído de areia, terra e adubo orgânico contendo folhas de H. suaveolens. As análises da germinação foram feitas considerando a protrusão da radícula para o término do evento germinativo. Foi calculado o IVG (índice de velocidade de germinação) e %G (porcentagem de germinação). Os resultados mostraram que sorgo e a alface foram mais susceptíveis ao potencial alelopático de H. suaveolens, sendo que para o rabanete foi observado um efeito benéfico. Entre os tratamentos, o substrato esterilizado e não esterilizado mostraram diferenças entre si. A análise cromatográfica do óleo essencial presente nas folhas de H. suaveolens revelou a presença de compostos com potencial alelopático. Portanto, H. suaveolens, pode apresentar efeito alelopático positivo no IVG de sementes de rabanete e a presença de microorganismos pode ser necessária para que esse efeito alelopático aconteça.

The aim of this study was to verify the allelopathic effect of H. suaveolens on the germination of sorghum, lettuce and radish, as well as to prove the existence of compounds with allelopathic potential. Seeds of sorghum, lettuce and radish were sown in substrate consisting of sand, soil and organic fertilizer containing leaves of H. suaveolens. The germination tests were performed considering the protrusion of the radicle for the conclusion of the germinative event. GSI (germination speed index) and G% (percentage of germination) were calculated. The results showed that sorghum and lettuce were more susceptible to the allelopathic potential of H. suaveolens, while for radishes a beneficial effect was observed. Between treatments, the sterilized and unsterilized substrate showed differences. The chromatographic analysis of essential oil present in the leaves of H. suaveolens revealed the presence of compounds with allelopathic potential. Therefore, H. suaveolens may have positive allelopathic effect on the GSI of radish seeds, and the presence of microorganisms may be necessary for such an allelopathic effect to occur.

Reversal of dexamethasone suppressed wound healing with ethanolic extract of leaves of hyptis suaveolens (L) poit.

The dexamethasone suppressed and normal wound healing effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Hyptis suaveolens (L) poit. (EEHS) at 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg was studied in Wistar rats. Two wound models viz. incision and excision wounds were used in this study. The parameters studied were breaking strength in case of incision wounds, period of epithelization and wound contraction in case of excision wound. The dexamethasone treated group showed a significant (P<0.05) reduction in the wound breaking strength in incision type of wound model and significant increase in epithelization period and reduction in percentage of wound contraction in excision type of wound model as compared to control group. Extract treated groups showed significant (P<0.05) improvement in all the wound healing parameters of incision and excision wound models as compared to control. In incision wound model, Co administration of EEHS at both the dosage levels with dexamethasone had significantly (P<0.05) increased the wound breaking strength as compared to dexamethasone only treated group and was seen more at dosage level of 400mg/kg. Similarly, in excision wound model, there was significant improvement (P<0.05) in both the parameters when EEHS was co administered with dexamethasone as compared to dexamethasone only treated group but improvement was more at dosage level of 800mg/kg.

Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Hyptis suaveolens (L. ) poit leaves essential oil against Aspergillus species

This study aimed to identify the constituents of the essential oil from Hyptis suaveolens (L.) leaves using a Gas Chromatograph -Mass Spectrometer and assess its inhibitory effect on some potentially pathogenic Aspergilli (A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. ochraceus, A. fumigatus and A. niger). Eucaliptol (47.64 percent) was the most abundant component in the oil, followed for gama-ellemene (8.15 percent), beta-pynene (6.55 percent), (+)3-carene (5.16 percent), trans-beta-cariophyllene (4.69 percent) and germacrene (4.86 percent). The essential oil revealed an interesting anti-Aspergillus property characterized by a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration of 40 and 80 µL/mL, respectively. The oil at 80 and 40 µL/mL strongly inhibited the mycelial growth of A. fumigatus and A. parasiticus along 14 days. In addition, at 10 and 20 µL/mL the oil was able to cause morphological changes in A. flavus as decreased conidiation, leakage of cytoplasm, loss of pigmentation and disrupted cell structure suggesting fungal wall degeneration. These findings showed the interesting anti-Aspergillus property of H. suaveolens leaves essential oil supporting its possible rational use as alternative source of new antifungal compounds to be applied in the aspergillosis treatment.

Safety and efficacy of hyptis suaveolens extract for therapy of influenza in healthy adults.

Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of H.suaveolens extract for therapy of influenza in healthy adults. Methods: The study was randomized double blind placebo controlled study conducted in 15 community and general hospitals from May to August 2006. The study subjects were healthy adults who had influenza-like symptoms and positive preliminary diagnostic test for influenza A or B from respiratory secretions. They were randomized to receive H.suaveolens extract 500 mg 3 times daily or the placebo 3 times daily for 7 days. The subjects were evaluated for the severity of symptoms related to influenza, adverse effects of the medications and the presence of influenza viruses from respiratory secretions at entry, day 4 and day 7 after treatment. Results: There were 39 subjects in the placebo group and 46 in the H.suaveolens group. There was a significant improvement in symptoms of the patients in both groups on day 4 and day 7 when compared with that at entry. However, the average duration of fever of the patients in both groups was not significantly different (3.1 days in the placebo group vs. 3 days in the H.suaveolens group, p=0.749). The recovery rates of influenza A and influenza B viruses from respiratory secretions of the subjects on day 4 and day 7 after treatment in both groups were not significantly different. A trend of less positive culture for influenza A virus in the patients receiving H.suaveolens extract (32.5%) compared with those receiving a placebo (47.1%) was observed. The compliance to medications was satisfactory. No serious adverse effects due to study medications were observed. Conclusion: H.suaveolens extract 1.5 grams per day for 7 days is safe but it is not effective in relieving influenza-related symptoms in adults with influenza. The lack of efficacy of H.suaveolens extract might be due to an insufficient dosage of the extract.

Study on chemical composition of essential oil of wild Hyptis suaveolens (L) Poit. in some provinces of South Vietnam

Analysis on chemical contents of essential oil of Hybtis suaveolens (L) Poit collected in Ninh Thuan, Vung Tau and Phu Quocs showed that: 41 ingredients in essential oil of wild Hybtis suaveolens (L) Poit were identified by chromatography combining with mass spectrum. Hybtis suaveolens (L) Poit collected in others local but its compositions were rather similar. Major compositions was beta-caryophylen (30.35-44.27%) and 1,8-cineol (7.34-28.20%). In addition, some familiar monoterpens such as alpha - pinen, beta-pinen, sabinen, myrcen were in all three essential oils. Essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. had strong scent. With rather high content of sesquiterpen, essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. can be used as flavouring indicator in flavouring technology

Extraction of essential oil from Hyptis Suaveolens(L.) Piot.leaves and components analysis by GC-MS / 中成药

AIM: The essential oil was extracted from Hyptis suaveolents(L.) Piot leaves and the chemical components were analyzed. METHODS: The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation.Then the distillate was treated with ether and essential oil was obtained(Ⅰ).Then surplus oil distillate was extracted with ethyl acetate and essential oil was got(Ⅱ).Essential oil was analyzed by GC/MS. RESULTS: 78 compounds were identified in total.68 compounds were identified from essential oil(Ⅰ).25 compounds were detected from essential oil(Ⅱ). CONCLUSION: The principle constituents of the essential oil are 1.8-Cineole、 Caryophyllene、 Bicyclo(3.1.1) heptane-2,3-diol,2,6,6-trimethyl-etc.