Meta-analysis of safety and immunogenicity of DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB hexavaccine / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To compare the differences of safety and immunogenicity of DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB hexavaccine,DTaPIPV-Hib pentavaccine plus HepB single vaccine or DTaP-IPV-HepB pentavaccine plus Hib single vaccine,so as to provide a reference for the marketing and use of hexavaccine in China.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of DTaP-IPVHib-HepB hexavaccine,DTaP triple vaccine,Hib,IPV and HepB vaccines published at home and abroad were searched.The safety and immunogenicity of the hexavaccine were evaluated by Meta-analysis using Revman 5.4.1 software.Results A total of 7 articles,8 RCTs and 3 429 subjects were included. Meta-analysis of safety showed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of injection site and systemic adverse reactions after vaccination with hexavaccine and pentavaccine plus single vaccine(P > 0. 05)except for induration at the inoculation site and crying. Meta-analysis of immunogenicity showed no significant difference in antibody indexes after vaccination with hexavaccine and pentavaccine plus single vaccine(P > 0. 05).Conclusion The safety and immunogenicity of DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB hexavaccine in basic immunity was comparable to that of the control vaccine,and might be applied to infants and young children to prevent related diseases. However,due to the limitations of the quantity and quality of included studies,the above conclusions still depend on the further development of larger sample,multicenter and high-quality

Os impactos da violência entre mulheres em relação íntima: uma revisão integrativa da literatura / The impacts of violence among women in intimate relationships: an integrative literature review

Resumo O objetivo é identificar impactos culturais, sociais e de saúde causadas pela violência na parceria íntima (VPI) em mulheres homoafetivas (MOH) e biafetivas (MOB). Estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura que buscou e analisou estudos indexados nas bases de dados PubMed e Lilacs, sendo considerados os idiomas: inglês, português e espanhol. O estudo buscou responder a seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: "Quais impactos a VPI traz para as MOB e MOH?". Foram encontrados 42 estudos e após aplicado os critérios de exclusão, 19 compuseram a amostra final. Os dados foram analisados a partir da metodologia de análise de conteúdo, modalidade análise temática de Bardin (2009). A análise na íntegra dos artigos revelou duas categorias: 1) A violência na parceria íntima e os impactos socioculturais; e 2) A violência na parceira íntima e os impactos na saúde. A vivência de situações de violência na parceria íntima entre mulheres homo e/ou biafetivas afeta suas dimensões socioculturais e de saúde, já que elas estão sob o viés da dupla vulnerabilidade: mulher em relações homo/biafetivas. Existe também invisibilidade do fenômeno nos serviços de saúde já que os profissionais não são formados para abordar as diferentes orientações sexuais entre mulheres e menos ainda as situações de violência advindas dessas relações.

Abstract The aim is to identify cultural, social and health impacts caused by intimate partner violence (IPV) in homoaffective (MOH) and biaffective (MOB) women. This is an integrative literature review that sought and analyzed studies indexed in the PubMed and Lilacs databases, considering the following languages. The study sought to answer the following research question: "What impacts does IPV bring to MOB and MOH?". Forty two studies were found and after applying the exclusion criteria, 19 went into the final sample. Data were analyzed using the content analysis methodology, Bardin's thematic analysis modality (2009). The full analysis of the articles revealed two categories: 1) Intimate partner violence and sociocultural impacts; and 2) Intimate partner violence and health impacts. The experience of situations of violence in intimate partnerships between homo and/or biaffective women affect their sociocultural and health dimensions, since they are under the bias of double vulnerability: women in homo/biaffective relationships. There is also an invisibility of the phenomenon in health services, since professionals are not trained to address the different sexual orientations among women and even less the situations of violence resulting from these relationships.

Somatización, ansiedad y depresión en mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja íntima / Somatization, anxiety and depression in women victims of intimate partner violence

Resumen A pesar de que la violencia de pareja íntima (VPI) presenta en la mujer una variedad de síntomas evidenciables, varios de los actores involucrados en el sistema de salud no cuentan con mecanismos de evaluación temprana, ni de reconocimiento de los tipos de secuelas psicológicas, entre los que se incluye una diversa sintomatología psicofisiológica. Con el objetivo de conocer las características de somatización, ansiedad y depresión en mujeres víctimas de VPI, como parte de una investigación macro de corte transversal no experimental de campo, se realizó el presente estudio cuantitativo correlacional a través de las variables del Inventario de Evaluación de la Personalidad (PAI). Los datos obtenidos se sometieron a análisis estadístico con métodos descriptivos e inferenciales. La muestra consta de 50 mujeres de la población de víctimas de VPI de la sierra ecuatoriana. Los resultados obtenidos son bastante contradictorios en cuanto al bajo porcentaje de mujeres con afectación típica relacionada con este tipo de violencia, en comparación con los datos presentados por otros autores sobre los niveles de somatización, ansiedad y depresión en ellas. A pesar de esto, se obtuvieron tres factores independientes presentes en esta muestra: trastorno ansioso-depresivo, con elementos de estrés postraumático; trastorno obsesivo compulsivo, con elementos de ansiedad, y quejas somáticas. Al momento de finalizar este estudio, se puede concluir que el PAI, sin su validación previa en esta población, no muestra una idoneidad suficiente para evaluar mujeres víctimas de VPI en el Ecuador. Se recomiendan nuevas investigaciones en otras muestras, en las que se utilicen diversos esquemas empíricos que incluyan varios instrumentos y medios cualitativos.

Abstract Various studies have noticed that women victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) also report having various types of health-related problems. However, health systems do not appear to have established procedures to recognize these problems (i. e., psychophysiological) in women. This study assessed somatic symptoms, anxiety, and depressive characteristics in women who have been victims of IPV. These symptoms were assessed using the scales of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI). The sample consisted of 50 women victims of IPV from the Ecuadorian sierra. Group participants came from two different cities: the first group included 28 women victims of IPV from Riobamba. Their ages ranged from 15 to 58. These women were receiving psychological services from a not-for-profit organization in the city. The second group included 22 women with similar characteristics between the ages of 27-63. This group of women came from the southern regions of Quito, the capital city of Ecuador. Women in this group were receiving services from two different places offering help to women experiencing IPV. Sixteen percent of women reported having a medium level of "anxiety" (some level of stress), and 14 % reported having a high level of tension and stress. Thirty-four percent of women reported medium levels of "anxiety-related disorders". These women reported having specific fears, little confidence in themselves and negative perspectives of their future. Sixteen percent of the women reported high levels of anxiety. They reported imitations in daily life (i. e., specific fears and feelings of insecurity in social situations). Thirty percent of women reported having medium levels of "depression" (sensitivity, pessimism, and feeling unhappy part of the time). Eighteen percent of women reported having high levels of "depression" (notable unhappiness and dysphoria). Forty-four percent of women in this study reported having some type of physical problem. These findings suggest that women who are victims of IPV could benefit from receiving mental health services aimed at managing their tension, stress, specific fears, and symptoms of depression. They also suggest that women victims of IPV could benefit from receiving training to increase their social competency and medical assistance to address their somatic complaints. Findings in this study are somewhat divergent from the results observed in previous investigations. Previous studies identified that most women who experienced IPV report symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, in this study, only a relatively low percentage of women reported having these symptoms. The sole utilization of the PAI as a method of evaluation may not have been sufficient to identify these symptoms. These results suggest the importance of using qualitative methods (i. e., clinical interview) or more holistic methodologies (i. e., clinical interview and tests) to better assess mental health symptoms in this group of women. It is also possible that the PAI might not be the most adequate tool to assess these symptoms in this population. The results of this investigation do reveal the importance of evaluating other mental health symptoms in women victims of IPV: post-traumatic stress, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Future studies should focus on assessing these symptoms using other assessment methodologies (e. g. instruments designed to assess post-traumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorder). The efficiency of health systems evaluations and interventions depends on the methodologies used to assess problems. The sole use of one instrument such as the PAI may not provide sufficient information about symptoms experienced by women experiencing IPV. Health systems should use batteries of instruments in conjunction with the clinical interviewing processes to readily assess symptoms. However, such an alternative may not be entirely feasible taking into account that such methodology requires more time and likely financial support to acquire tests.

Declaración SLIPE: Aumento de la cobertura antipoliomielítica con vacunas más seguras: una urgencia inaplazable en Latinoamérica

Ante el riesgo real de ocurrencia de brotes de parálisis fláccida aguda en la región debidos a poliovirus derivado de la vacuna Sabin o a la importación de poliovirus salvaje, la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica comisionó a un grupo ad hoc de expertos integrantes del Comité de Vacunas y Biológicos de la institución, para redactar un documento oficial de posición sobre la necesidad imperiosa de incrementar los niveles de inmunización contra la enfermedad en la región e incorporar definitivamente en forma exclusiva la vacuna de polio inactivada en todos los esquemas nacionales de vacunación. La presente publicación discute las principales conclusiones y recomendaciones generadas como resultado de esta actividad.

Given the actual risk of poliomyelitis outbreaks in the region due to poliovirus derived from the Sabin vaccine or the importation of wild poliovirus, the Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases commissioned an ad hoc group of experts from the institution's Vaccines and Biologicals Committee, to draft an official position paper on the urgent need to increase immunization levels against the disease in the region and incorporate inactivated polio vaccine exclusive schedules in all national immunization programs. This publication discusses the main conclusions and recommendations generated as a result of such activity.

Increasing polio coverage with safer vaccines: a pressing need in Latin America

Given the actual risk of poliomyelitis outbreaks in the region due to poliovirus derived from the Sabin vaccine or the importation of wild poliovirus, the Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases commissioned an ad hoc group of experts from the institution's Vaccines and Biologicals Committee, to draft an official position paper on the urgent need to increase immunization levels against the disease in the region and incorporate inactivated polio vaccine exclusive schedules in all national immunization programs. This publication discusses the main conclusions and recommendations generated as a result of such activity.

Ante el riesgo real de ocurrencia de brotes de parálisis fláccida aguda en la región debidos a poliovirus derivado de la vacuna Sabin o a la importación de poliovirus salvaje, la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica comisionó a un grupo ad hoc de expertos integrantes del Comité de Vacunas y Biológicos de la institución, para redactar un documento oficial de posición sobre la necesidad imperiosa de incrementar los niveles de inmunización contra la enfermedad en la región e incorporar definitivamente en forma exclusiva la vacuna de polio inactivada en todos los esquemas nacionales de vacunación. La presente publicación discute las principales conclusiones y recomendaciones generadas como resultado de esta actividad.

Monitoring of adverse reaction of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in Songjiang District， Shanghai / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo determine the reporting rate of adverse reaction of Haemophilus influenzae type b （Hib） containing vaccine in Songjiang District from 2016 to 2020， so as to provide evidence for the inclusion of Hib vaccine in children's immunization planning and safety monitoring. MethodsThe adverse reaction data of Hib vaccination were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System and presented by descriptive methods. ResultsFrom 2016 to 2020， the reporting rate of adverse reaction of various Hib-containing vaccines in Songjiang District was determined to be 747.76/105 doses， among which the rates of general reaction and abnormal reaction were 734.31/105 doses and 13.45/105 doses， respectively. The reporting rate of general reaction was significantly higher than that of abnormal reaction （χ2=1 400.18，P<0.001）. Moreover， the reporting rate of adverse reaction did not differ significantly by sex or registered residence， whereas it differed significantly by age groups （χ2=366.07，P<0.001）. Children ≥12 months old had the highest reporting rate， which was caused by higher rate of general reaction （χ2=360.48，P<0.001） compared with other age groups； in contrast， there was no difference in the reporting rate of abnormal reactions across age groups. The reporting rate of adverse reaction differed significantly across four Hib-containing vaccines （χ2=508.51，P<0.001）， among which the reporting rate of pentavalent vaccine was the highest， followed by tetravalent vaccine， and Hib vaccine and meningococcal HI vaccine. This difference was mainly caused by general reaction （χ2=499.19，P<0.001）. The reporting rate of booster Hib-containing vaccines was significantly higher than that of basic immunization （χ2=462.85，P<0.001）. Furthermore， the reporting rate differed between DTaP-Hib vaccine and DTaP-IPV-Hib vaccine by injection sites（χ2=13.63，P=0.001；χ2=78.48， P<0.001）； the reporting rate on the thigh was lower than that on the hip or upper arm. Among the 1 501 reported adverse reactions， 97.21% of the general reactions and 85.19% of the abnormal reactions occurred within 72 hours following immunization. Principal clinical diagnosis was fever， redness and nodules （n=1 454）， accounting for 96.87% of the total reported adverse event following immunization（AEFI）， followed by allergic rash. ConclusionThe four types of Hib-containing vaccines have high safety. Health care practitioners at points of vaccination should improve the pre-examination， standardized operation and full notification in strict accordance with the requirements. It also warrants strengthening the AEFI monitoring， investigation and response， so as to effectively reduce the incidence and severity of adverse reactions.

Awareness of Injectable Polio Vaccine among Doctors of Government Hospitals in Abbottabad

Introduction: IPV was introduced in areas of northern KPK, Quetta, and Karachi. The success of polio eradication and endgame strategic plan 2013-2018 depends upon doctors’ knowledge and approval of IPV. Aim of this study was to assess doctors’ knowledge and perception regarding IPV. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on doctors in government hospitals of Abbottabad, Pakistan from January 2017 to June 2017. A sample size of 250 was calculated using WHO sample size calculator at 95% confidence level. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data after taking informed consent. The analysis was done in SPSS version 21. Results: IPV’s advantage of being administered exclusively as well as a booster dose was known to 36%. Other merits of IPV like, no requirement of special cold chain storage and no incidence of VAPP (Vaccine Associated Poliomyelitis) was known by 7.6% and 56.54% respectively. Only 25% of doctors knew about latest endgame strategic plan 2013-2018 and National Emergency Action Plan. Conclusion: Doctor’s knowledge and acceptance regarding IPV was very low. Most of the doctors still preferred OPV over IPV as they fear injection pain due to IPV and are not much aware of IPV’s advantages over OPV. Thus clear-cut strategies need to be established for sensitization and education of doctors and correspondingly the masses regarding IPV.

The Immunogenicity and Safety of a Combined DTaP-IPV//Hib Vaccine Compared with Individual DTaP-IPV and Hib (PRP~T) Vaccines: a Randomized Clinical Trial in South Korean Infants

Recommended infant vaccination in Korea includes DTaP-IPV and Hib vaccines administered as separate injections. In this randomized, open, controlled study we assessed the non-inferiority of immunogenicity of DTaP-IPV//Hib pentavalent combination vaccine (Pentaxim™) compared with licensed DTaP-IPV and Hib (PRP~T) vaccines. We enrolled 418 healthy Korean infants to receive either separate DTaP-IPV and Hib vaccines (n = 206) or the pentavalent DTaP-IPV//Hib (n = 208) vaccine at 2, 4, 6 months of age. Antibodies to all components were measured before the first vaccination and one month after the third, and safety was assessed after each vaccination including recording of reactions by parents. We confirmed the non-inferiority of DTaP-IPV//Hib compared with DTaP-IPV and Hib vaccines; 100% of both groups achieved seroprotection against D, T, IPV and PRP~T, and 97.5%-99.0% demonstrated seroresponses to pertussis antigens. Antibody levels were similar in both groups, except for those to the Hib component, PRP~T. In separate and combined groups geometric mean concentrations of anti-PRP~T antibodies were 23.9 and 11.0 µg/mL, respectively, but 98.3% and 97.4% had titers ≥ 1 µg/mL, indicative of long-term protection. All vaccines were well tolerated, with no vaccine-related serious adverse event. Both groups had similar safety profiles, but the combined vaccine group had fewer injection site reactions. The immunological non-inferiority and similar safety profile of DTaP-IPV//Hib vaccine to separate DTaP-IPV and Hib vaccines, with the advantage of fewer injections and injection site reactions, supports the licensure and incorporation of DTaP-IPV//Hib into the Korean national vaccination schedule (Clinical trial registry, NCT01214889).

Immunogenicity, Reactogenicity and Safety of a Combined DTPa-IPV Vaccine Compared with Separate DTPa and IPV Vaccines in Healthy Korean Infants / 소아감염

PURPOSE: To compare immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus vaccine (DTPa-IPV, Infanrix(TM) IPV, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals) with co-administration of commercially available DTPa and IPV vaccines at separate injection sites (DTPa+IPV). METHODS: A total of 458 infants aged 8-12 weeks were randomized to receive three-dose primary vaccination at 2, 4 and 6 months with DTPa-IPV or DTPa+IPV. Blood samples were collected pre and post vaccination for measurement of immune responses. Reactogenicity was assessed following each dose using diary cards. RESULTS: One month post-dose 3, seroprotection rates for anti-diphtheria, anti-tetanus and anti-poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 were > or =99.5% and vaccine response rates to pertussis antigens were at least 98.6% in both DTPa-IPV and DTPa + IPV groups. Non-inferiority between the groups was demonstrated based on pre-defined statistical criteria. Incidences of both local and systemic symptoms were within the same range across both groups with grade 3 symptoms reported following no more than 4.3% of DTPa-IPV doses and 4.5% of DTPa + IPV doses. Two serious adverse events (both pyrexia) after DTPa-IPV administration were considered vaccine-related. Both infants recovered fully. CONCLUSION: Combined DTPa-IPV vaccine was immunogenic and well tolerated when used as a three-dose primary vaccination course in Korean infants. DTPa-IPV could be incorporated into the Korean vaccination schedule, reducing the number of injections required to complete primary immunization.

Prospective Analysis on Strategy of OPV Switching to Sabin-IPV at the Endgame of Poliomyelitis Eradication in China / 中国疫苗和免疫

Objective To explore the immunization strategy at the endgame of poliomyelitis eradication in China.Methods To search the related study databases by the mean of evidence based medicine,and to investigate the update status of production and usage of polio vaccine in China.The general prospective analysis was conducted on aspects of the comparison of different immunization strategies,the feasibility of oral poliovirus vaccine(OPV)switching to Sabin strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine(Sabin-IPV)and the Sabin-IPV immunization schedule.Results The immunization strategy of OPV switching to IPV should be considered to choose in China because the domestic Sabin-IPV products will be registered soon and the switching feasibility is already provided with the conditions of police,technique,vaccine supply,and other guarantee.The routine immunization of Sabin-IPV can be carried out referring to the update OPV immunization schedule.Conclusion The study on immunization strategy at the endgame of poliomyelitis eradication should be further enhanced and the preparation of OPV switching Sabin-IPV should be considered in China.

Application foreground of IPv6 in telemedicine / 国际生物医学工程杂志

This paper reviews the problem and shortage of IPv4 network which was unfolded during its use in telemedicine field and describes the features and advantage of IPv6, which is the next generation protocol of Internet by comparing it to IPv4. The application of IPv6 in telemedicine field is prospected. The work should be done and the problem may be met during the change from IPv4 to IPv6 network are also discussed.

Development of next-generation telemedicine system based on transmission of telemedicine information / 医疗卫生装备

This paper introduces a solution to the development of next-generation telemedicine system based on Ipv6 with the analyses of present situation and related problems of telemedicine system.The devices,advantage of new system and a successful program based on Ipv6 are also mentioned.

Herpesvírus bovino tipo 1 (HVB 1): inquérito soro-epidemiológico no rebanho leiteiro do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil / Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV 1): an epidemiological survey in the dairy herd of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil

Soros de 7956 bovinos leiteiros foram testados pela técnica de soro-neutralização para determinar a prevalência de anticorpos contra o Herpesvírus Bovino Tipo 1 (HVB 1). As amostras provinham de 99 municípios do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os municípios foram agrupados em nove bacias leiteiras conforme critérios da Cooperativa Central Gaúcha de Leite (CCGL). A prevalência de anticorpos encontrada foi de 18,8 por cento. Dos 99 municípios testados 91 (91,9 por cento) apresentaram pelo menos um animal positivo e 8 (8,1 por cento) foram negativos. A maioria das bacias leiteiras apresentou uma prevalência semelhante à demonstrada pelo restante do Estado. A bacia 7, região de Passo Fundo apresentou a mais baixa prevalência (12 por cento) e a bacia 9, região de Quaraí, a mais alta (49,5 por cento). As amostras foram divididas em quatro grupos etários: animais até 2 anos, 2 a 4, 4 a 6 e maior que 6 anos. Observou-se que a prevalência aumentou com a idade, com a maior diferença verificada entre o primeiro e o segundo grupo e que a infecção ocorre com maior frequência em animais com mais de 2 anos. Não foi verificada diferença significativa entre título de anticorpos e idade dos animais. A grande relevância dos resultados está na prevalência comprovada de 54,5 por cento de propriedades positivas representando 371 de um total de 685 testadas no Estado. Levando-se em consideração os resultados deste inquérito pode-se afirmar que o Herpesvírus Bovino Tipo 1 encontra-se disseminado no rebanho bovino gaúcho. Medidas de prevenção e controle devem ser adotadas com urgência para impedir a progressão da infecção.

Sera samples of 7956 dairy catlle were tested with the serum neutralization test for antibody prevalence against Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 (BHV 1). The samples were collected in 99 counties of the Rio Grande do Sul State. The counties were grouped in 9 dairy regions as determined by the "Cooperativa Central Gaúcha de Leite" (CCGL). The antibody prevalence among the 7956 será samples studied was 18.8 percent. The results demonstrated a similar antibody prevalence among the dairy regions. However, two regions had significant differences. Region 7 represented by "Passo Fundo" county had a prevalence of 12 percent and region 9 represented by "Quaraí" with the highest prevalence with 49.5 percent. The sera samples were divided into four groups according to cattle age: cattle with less than two years of age, 2 to 4, more than 4 to 6, and older than 6 years age. The results showed that the prevalence increases gradually with age. The major difference was between group 1 and 2. The results also demonstrated that the infection is more frequent in cattle older than two years. There was no significant difference among antibody titers between the age groups. The major relevance of the study was the prevalence of 54.5 percent positive herds, that represents 371 positive from a total of 685 herds tested. Considering this prevalence, it is clear that the BHV 1 is disseminated among the dairy population of the State. Prevention and control methods should be adopted so the spread of the infection can be withhold.

Effects of Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation on Postoperative Atelectasis / 대한마취과학회지

Thirty-two male and twenty-five female pediatric patients who were diagnosed as postoperative pulmonary atelectasis were evaluated. The causes of postoperative atelectasis were secretion in the airway (94.7%) and aspiration (5.3%). The locations of postoperative atelectasis were right upper (54. 4%), left upper (19.3%), left lower (12.3%), right middle (8.7%) and right lower (5.3%) lobe in order. In thirty-three (57.9%) of the total 57 patients, atelectasis was occurred on the 2nd postoperative day. After application of intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) three times a day, more than half of the patients showed normal expanded lung and the majority of the patients except one were completely recovered in 6 days postparatively. Arterial blood gases were not significantly different before and after IPV, but alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference (AaDO2) decreased from 160+/-16 mmHg before IPV to 114+/-16 mmHg after IPV.

Effects of IPV ( Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation ) on Cardiopulmonary Hemodynamics and Oxygenation in Dogs / 대한마취과학회지

To evaluate effects of IPV (Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation) on cardiopulmonary hemodynamics and oxygenation, we compared IPV with conventional IPPV (Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation} in eight mongrel dogs. After Swan-Ganz catheterization and femoral arterial cannulation, we applied IPPU and IPV for 30 minutes respectively at random order. There were no significant differences in cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), vascular resistance (VR), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), rate pressure product (RPP), coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and oxygenation-reflecting parameters such as AaDO2, oxygen flux and oxygen consumption (VO2) between IPPV and IPV. A slight increase of diastolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) resulted in increase of pulmonary perfusion pressure (PPP). IPV increases left and right ventricular stroke work index which might be related to slight metabolic acidosis and a little deficient ventilation during IPV. We can conclude that IPV is safe and good in cardiopulmonary hemodynamics and tissue oxygena-tion in dogs, but its better to be cautious in ventilation during IPV.

Effects of Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation on Atelectasis in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients / 대한마취과학회지

Thirty six pediatric patients who were diagnosed as pulmonary atelectasis by chest radiography were managed with one of the following techniques for the treatment of atelectasis: 1) intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) with extrathoracic chest percussion and vibration, 2) IPPB and intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) and 3) IPV only. Chest X-ray films and arterial pH, Pco, and Po, were obtained for all patients in the morning and the afternoon. And systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured at that time. Alveolar arterial oxygen tension difference was calculated from inspired oxygen fracton and arterial oxygen tension. The rate of treatment of atelectasis was significantly low in the patients with IPPB and chest physiotherpy. But the durations for the treatment were not significantly different among the three groups. There were no significant differences in blood pressures, heart rates and artrial blood gases between pre-treatment and post- treatment states in all groups.