A sessão de análise como composição idiomática / The psychoanalytic hour as an idiomatic composition / La sesión de análisis como composición idiomática / La séance d'analyse comme composition idiomatique

Partindo de quatro breves situações clínicas, o trabalho propõe uma discussão sobre a criação de padrões comunicativos entre analista e analisando. Esses padrões dizem respeito ao dialeto próprio que se desenvolve em cada dupla no decorrer de um processo psicanalítico. A maneira como a sessão de análise é organizada pelo analisando traz ao campo analítico formas estéticas e representacionais singulares, segundo uma lógica inconsciente particular. A exploração do fenômeno em questão é feita em diálogo, entre outros, com os conceitos de idioma (Bollas) e uso do objeto (Winnicott), levando por fim a uma aproximação preliminar entre a escuta psicanalítica e a escuta musical. Tal aproximação é assumida como modelo na captação de determinados aspectos formais do encontro clínico.

Presenting four brief clinical situations, this paper proposes a discussion on the creation of communicative patterns between analyst and analysand. These patterns are related to the specific dialect that is built in each analytic pair during a psychoanalytic process. The way in which the psychoanalytic hour is organized by the analysand, brings unique aesthetic and representational forms to the analytic field, according to a particular unconscious logic. The exploration of this phenomenon is done in dialogue, among others, with the concepts of idiom (Bollas) and use of an object (Winnicott), leading to a preliminary approach between psychoanalytic listening and musical listening. This approach is assumed as a model in seizing certain formal aspects of the clinical encounter.

A partir de cuatro breves situaciones clínicas, el trabajo propone una discusión sobre la creación de patrones comunicativos entre analista y analizando. Estos patrones están relacionados con el dialecto específico que se desarrolla en cada par durante un proceso psicoanalítico. La forma en que la sesión de análisis es organizada por el analizando aporta formas estéticas y representacionales únicas al campo analítico, de acuerdo con una lógica inconsciente particular. La exploración del fenómeno en cuestión se lleva a cabo en diálogo, entre otros, con los conceptos de idioma (Bollas) y uso del objeto (Winnicott), conduciendo finalmente a un acercamiento preliminar entre la escucha psicoanalítica y la escucha musical. Este enfoque se asume como un modelo para capturar ciertos aspectos formales del encuentro clínico.

Fondée sur quatre brèves situations cliniques, l'article propose une discussion concernant la création de modèles de communication entre l'analyste et l'analysant. Ces modèles sont liés au dialecte spécifique qui se développe entre les individus de chaque paire au cours d'un processus psychanalytique. La manière dont la séance d'analyse est organisée par l'analysant apporte au champ analytique des formes esthétiques et des représentations singulières selon une logique inconsciente particulière. L'exploration du phénomène en question se fait en dialogue, entre autres, avec les concepts d'idiome (Bollas) et de l'utilisation d'un objet (Winnicott), aboutissant finalement à une approche préliminaire entre l'écoute psychanalytique et l'écoute musicale. Telle approche est considérée comme un modèle pour capturer certains aspects formels de la rencontre clinique.

Aberrant Neural Activation Underlying Idiom Comprehension in Korean Children with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder

PURPOSE: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication impairments and repetitive behaviors or restricted interests. Impaired pragmatic language comprehension is a universal feature in individuals with ASD. However, the underlying neural basis of pragmatic language is poorly understood. In the present study, we examined neural activation patterns associated with impaired pragmatic language comprehension in ASD, compared to typically developing children (TDC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was applied to 15 children with ASD and 18 TDC using the Korean pragmatic language task. RESULTS: Children with ASD were less accurate than TDC at comprehending idioms, particularly when they were required to interpret idioms with mismatched images (mismatched condition). Children with ASD also showed different patterns of neural activity than TDC in all three conditions (neutral, matched, and mismatched). Specifically, children with ASD showed decreased activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) (Brodmann area 47) in the mismatched condition, compared with TDC (IFG; t(31)=3.17, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that children with ASD face difficulties in comprehending pragmatic expressions and apply different pragmatic language processes at the neural level.

Idiom Comprehension Deficits in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder Using a Korean Autism Social Language Task

PURPOSE: High-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) involves pragmatic impairment of language skills. Among numerous tasks for assessing pragmatic linguistic skills, idioms are important to evaluating high-functioning ASD. Nevertheless, no assessment tool has been developed with specific consideration of Korean culture. Therefore, we designed the Korean Autism Social Language Task (KASLAT) to test idiom comprehension in ASD. The aim of the current study was to introduce this novel psychological tool and evaluate idiom comprehension deficits in high-functioning ASD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The participants included 42 children, ages 6-11 years, who visited our child psychiatric clinic between April 2014 and May 2015. The ASD group comprised 16 children; the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) group consisted of 16 children. An additional 10 normal control children who had not been diagnosed with either disorder participated in this study. Idiom comprehension ability was assessed in these three groups using the KASLAT. RESULTS: Both ASD and ADHD groups had significantly lower scores on the matched and mismatched tasks, compared to the normal control children (matched tasks mean score: ASD 11.56, ADHD 11.56, normal control 14.30; mismatched tasks mean score: ASD 6.50, ADHD 4.31, normal control 11.30). However, no significant differences were found in scores of KASLAT between the ADHD and ASD groups. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that children with ASD exhibit greater impairment in idiom comprehension, compared to normal control children. The KASLAT may be useful in evaluating idiom comprehension ability.

A articulação da experiência dos usuários nas microculturas dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial: uma proposta metodológica / The articulation of users’ experience in the microcultures of psychosocial health centers: a methodological proposal

O objetivo primordial do presente artigo é apresentar uma metodologia de avaliação de centros de atenção psicossocial, enfocando seu componente qualitativo e multidimensional, e etapas de progressivo aprofundamento, a partir das perspectivas de usuários, familiares e profissionais. A proposta metodológica apresentada e discutida a seguir foi desenvolvida a partir da pesquisa intitulada “Articulando experiências, produzindo sujeitos e incluindo cidadãos: um estudo sobre as novas formas de cuidado em saúde mental na Bahia e em Sergipe, Brasil”, realizada entre os anos de 2006 e 2009. Na construção do desenho metodológico desse estudo, percebemos que, para avaliar a qualidade de um serviço, é necessário congregar conceitos e técnicas diversos que nos permitam uma abordagem que responda à complexidade da tarefa de nos aproximar da experiência (através de suas expressões e produções de significados) dos atores sociais envolvidos, bem como identifique recursos psicossociais presentes nos CAPS e utilizados pelos usuários para significar sua experiência de sofrimento, articulada por “pontos de virada”

This article’s main objective is to present and discuss a methodology for the evaluation of psychosocial health centers, focused on qualitative and multidimensional elements, and steps towards a progressively deeper understanding, from the perspectives of users, family members and professionals. The present methodological proposal was developed for the research “Articulating experiences, producing subjects and including citizens: a study on the new forms of mental health care in Bahia and Sergipe, Brazil”, realized between 2006 and 2009. While constructing the methodological design, we sensed that, in order to evaluate the quality of a service, it would be necessary to congregate various concepts and techniques to allow us to address the complexity of the task of approaching the involved social agents’ experience (through its expressions and sense productions), as well as identify psychosocial resources available in the CAPS and employed by users to signify their experience of suffering, articulated around “turning points”