RESUMO
Introduction: Dengue fever is one of the most prevalent and fastest spreading mosquito borne arboviral infection, occurring in tropical and subtropical regions. They are single stranded RNA viruses and transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. There are four serotypes of dengue virus DENV 1, DENV2, DENV3, DENV 4. Following an infection lifelong immunity develops against the respective serotype. The clinical spectrum of dengue infection varies from undifferentiated fever, Classical Dengue fever, Dengue hemorrhagic fever, Dengue shock syndrome, Expanded dengue syndrome. Continuous surveillance of dengue fever is important for the proper and timely institution of vector control measures. Aim: The aim of present study was to evaluate the thrombocytopenia with prevalence of dengue infection along with seasonal variation. Materials and methods: The present study was a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Hematology, at Chalmeda Anand Rao Hospital, Karimnagar during the period from 2015 June to 2016 May. Blood samples were collected from 4047 patients presented with acute febrile illness clinically consistent with Dengue infection. Serological confirmation of dengue infection was done using “Rapid Visual test kit” for detection of NS1 antigen and differential detection of IgM and IgG. Platelet count was done on “Automatic cell counter XN1000” which was correlated with manual platelet count in all the serologically positive cases. Results: Out of 4047 suspected cases, 1505 cases were confirmed as serologically positive for dengue infection. Out of 1505cases, 742 samples were positive for only NS1, 70 were positive for only IgM, 361 were positive for only IgG, remaining 332 were positive for more than one serological markers (NS1, IgM, IgG). A majority, 655 (43.52%) of the dengue cases were noted in the age group of 15-30 years, followed by less than 15 years of age. Among the dengue cases, 61.8% were males and 38.2% Vidyadhara Rani P, Naveen Kumar S. Evaluation of thrombocytopenia in dengue infection along with seasonal variation. IAIM, 2018; 5(2): 57-63. Page 58 were females. A significantly higher number of serologically positive cases 1342 (89.2%) were noted in the post monsoon period. Conclusion: Incidence of dengue infection was higher in monsoon and post monsoon period. Thrombocytopenia provide high suspicion of dengue infection, which could be life threatening. Platelet count is an important predictive and recovery parameter of dengue infection.
RESUMO
introduction of MMR vaccine was believed to have resulted in a decline in the incidence of measles, mumps and rubella infections. However, recent reports suggest the re-emergence of mumps infection worldwide in the vaccinated populations. Iit was proposed that the reason for this re-emergence was poor efficacy of MMR vaccine. The present study was aimed to investigate mumps infection in MMR vaccinated and non-vaccinated populations in Chennai, Iindia. Blood samples were collected from acute mumps cases (n=74, 42<12 yr age, 54% males) and investigated for IgM antibody against mumps, IgG antibody against measles, mumps and rubella viruses by ELISA. Sixty seven (91%) patients had received MMR vaccine. All the 67 vaccinated cases were positive for parotitis, and mumps IgM. However, only 10 (15%) were positive for IgG. All samples (100%) were positive for rubella and measles IgG. These findings showed the occurrence of mumps infection among MMR vaccinated individuals in Chennai, India. The MMR vaccine failed to generate anti-mumps IgG. The reason may be low vaccine efficacy of the mumps component of the MMR vaccine used.