RESUMO
La actual pandemia de COVID-19 provocada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 es un problema de salud que afecta a la población globalmente. Su desarrollo puede ser asintomático o exhibir manifestaciones clínicas moderadas o severas dependiendo en gran medida de la respuesta inmune de quien la padece. Esta enfermedad afecta principalmente a los pulmones a través del desarrollo del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SRAS), tanto como por la «tormenta de citocinas¼, una respuesta inflamatoria exacerbada que podría provocar una falla multisistémica y, en casos severos, la muerte. Se conoce que la enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2 (ECA-2), presente en diversos tejidos del cuerpo, actúa como receptor funcional del virus SARS-CoV-2 facilitando la entrada de éste a las células. Se ha demostrado la presencia de dicho receptor en varios tejidos orales, por lo que se puede considerar a la cavidad bucal como una vía latente de infección por dicho coronavirus, ya que su mecanismo de transmisión es a través de la inhalación de partículas virales, ya sea por vía nasal u oral. Así mismo, la presencia de carga vírica en la saliva y algunos de los síntomas de la COVID-19, por ejemplo la ageusia, pueden indicar la presencia de contagio viral en etapas tempranas. La presente revisión muestra evidencia que sugiere que diversos tejidos en la cavidad oral podrían ser considerados sitios potenciales de contagio por el SARS-CoV-2, teniendo un papel importante en el mecanismo de transmisión y en el desarrollo de coinfecciones (AU)
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is currently a global healthcare problem. The onset of this disease can exhibit several clinical manifestations ranging from mild to severe symptoms, depending on the individual's immune response. COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs by developing the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and the «cytokine storm¼, an exacerbated inflammatory reaction that can lead to multiorgan failure and consequently death. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), present in several tissues in the human body, is known to act as the functional receptor of the SARS-CoV-2 germ facilitating its entrance into the cells. Such receptor is also present in diverse oral cavity tissues, indicating a latent route of infection due to its influence in the transmission mechanism by inhalation, either oral or nasal, of virus particles. Also, viral load in saliva and taste disorder symptoms like ageusia could indicate a viral infection in its early stages. This article presents evidence suggesting that several tissues in the oral cavity can be considered potential sites of SARS-CoV-2 infection, thus playing an essential role in the transmission mechanism and development of co-infections (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Manifestações Bucais , Sinais e Sintomas , Distúrbios do Paladar , Peptidil Dipeptidase A , Carga Viral , InflamaçãoRESUMO
The study determined the prevalence of Candida albicans in the mouth of 509 Filipino children (3 mo - 10 yrs) who did not show any detectable lesions. A sterile cotton swab was used to take materials from the mouth for mycological examination. Species of C. albicans was identified using the method of BakerspigelCandida organisms were isolated from 162 (31.8%) of the 509 children studied. C. albicans was the organisms isolated from 119 (21.4%) of these children. This finding presents a difficulty in making diagnosis of oral moniliasis. The appearance of characteristic lesions and the repeated isolation of C. albicans in large number are deemed necessary in the diagnosis of oral moniliasis