Use of Optical Coherence Tomography to Evaluate Visual Acuity and Visual Field Changes in Dengue Fever

Dengue fever is a viral disease that is transmitted by mosquitoes and affects humans. In rare cases, dengue fever can cause visual impairment, which usually occurs within 1 month after contracting dengue fever and ranges from mild blurring of vision to severe blindness. Visual impairment due to dengue fever can be detected through angiography, retinography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, electroretinography, event electroencephalography (visually evoked potentials), and visual field analysis. The purpose of this study is to report changes in the eye captured using fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green, and OCT in 3 cases of dengue fever visual impairment associated with consistent visual symptoms and similar retinochoroidopathic changes. The OCT results of the three patients with dengue fever showed thinning of the outer retinal layer and disruption of the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction. While thinning of the retina outer layer is an irreversible process, disruption of IS/OS junction is reported to be reversible. Follow-up examination of individuals with dengue fever and associated visual impairment should involve the use of OCT to evaluate visual acuity and visual field changes in patients with acute choroidal ischemia.

Use of Optical Coherence Tomography to Evaluate Visual Acuity and Visual Field Changes in Dengue Fever

Dengue fever is a viral disease that is transmitted by mosquitoes and affects humans. In rare cases, dengue fever can cause visual impairment, which usually occurs within 1 month after contracting dengue fever and ranges from mild blurring of vision to severe blindness. Visual impairment due to dengue fever can be detected through angiography, retinography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, electroretinography, event electroencephalography (visually evoked potentials), and visual field analysis. The purpose of this study is to report changes in the eye captured using fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green, and OCT in 3 cases of dengue fever visual impairment associated with consistent visual symptoms and similar retinochoroidopathic changes. The OCT results of the three patients with dengue fever showed thinning of the outer retinal layer and disruption of the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction. While thinning of the retina outer layer is an irreversible process, disruption of IS/OS junction is reported to be reversible. Follow-up examination of individuals with dengue fever and associated visual impairment should involve the use of OCT to evaluate visual acuity and visual field changes in patients with acute choroidal ischemia.

Surgical Outcome According to Morphology in Epiretinal Membrane Based on Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)

PURPOSE: To determine the influence of morphologic classification based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) on epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery outcomes. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 77 eyes with ERM treated by vitrectomy with ERM peeling. By using OCT, the preoperative ERM was classified into four types: diffuse (DIF), cystoids macular edema (CME), pseudolamellar hole (PLH), and vitreomacular traction (VMT). The postoperative changes of central macular thickness (CMT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were compared. RESULTS: Approximately six months postoperatively, the DIF type had the best BCVA for both idiopathic and secondary ERM, followed by the PLH, CME, and VMT types. On the other hand, regarding the mean BCVA improvement, the VMT type was the best, followed by the DIF, PLH, and CME types. When comparing the difference in BCVA improvement by each type, idiopathic ERM showed a clearer distinction when the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction was not disrupted. CONCLUSIONS: BCVA improvement was significantly different depending on the morphologic classification of ERM by using OCT. Especially in cases of ERM with an intact IS/OS junction, the morphologic classification can help predict surgical outcomes.