RESUMO
ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of interleukin-35（IL-35）/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3（STAT3）inhibition of eosinophil activation against allergic rhinitis（AR） by Bifukang. MethodOne hundred patients were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group，50 cases in each group. The control group was given mometasone furoate nasal spray，and the treatment group was given Bifukang by nasal packing. The course of treatment was 28 days. The clinical efficacy，nasal classification and visual analogue scale（VAS） score of the two groups were observed before and after treatment. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the expression levels of inflammatory factors ［interleukin（IL）-4，IL-10，IL-17，IL-35］ and Eotaxin and CC chemokine receptor-3（CCR3）in serum and nasal secretion of the two groups. The expression levels of STAT1，STAT3 and STAT4 were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）.The content of immunoglobulin G（IgG） and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+were detected by ELISA and flow cytometry. ResultAfter treatment， compared with before treatment， the levels of IL-4 and IL-17 in serum and nasal secretion in 2 groups were decreased， while the levels of IL-10 and IL-35 were increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The expression of STAT1， STAT2 and STAT3 in nasal secretions were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. IgG and CD4+/CD8+ were decreased， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05， P<0.01）.After treatment，compared with the control group，the levels of IL-4 and IL-17 in serum and nasal secretions of the treatment group were decreased，while the levels of IL-10 and IL-35 were increased （P<0.05）. The expression of STAT1，STAT3 and STAT4 in the treatment group was significantly inhibited compared with the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. In addition， the post-treatment serum CD4+/CD8+ and immunoglobulin G （IgG） levels were reduced in the treatment group compared with those of the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. During the treatment，there were no abnormal changes in heart，liver，kidney function and routine blood and urine tests in the two groups. ConclusionBifukang has a good effect on allergic rhinitis，and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of IL-35/STAT3 pathway，the inhibition of eosinophil activation and the improvement of related immune function.
RESUMO
Objective To investigate the relationship between the interleukin (IL)-35 and the recovery of renal graft function. Methods Clinical data of 45 recipients receiving renal transplantation from donation after cardiac death (DCD) were retrospectively analyzed. According to the presence of delayed graft function (DGF) after renal transplantation, all recipients were divided into the immediate graft function (IGF) group (n=32) and DGF group (n=13). The serum creatinine (Scr) level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the recipients were statistically compared between two groups at 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 28 d and 3, 6 and 12 months after renal transplantation. The IL-35 levels in the serum and urine samples of the recipients were statistically compared between two groups at 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 28 d following renal transplantation. Results In the DGF group, the renal function was restored slowly. Compared with the IGF group, the Scr level was significantly higher, whereas the eGFR was considerably lower in the DGF group at postoperative 7 d (both P<0.05). At 1 year after surgery, there was no significant difference in the Scr level between two groups. Compared with the IGF group, the eGFR in the DGF group was significantly lower at postoperative 1 year (P<0.05). At 1, 2, 3, 7, 14 d after operation, the serum levels of IL-35 in the DGF group were evidently lower than those in the IGF group (all P<0.05). Compared with the IGF group, the serum level of IL-35 in the DGF group was significantly increased at postoperative 28 d (P<0.05). At postoperative 1, 2, 3, 7 d, the IL-35 levels in the urine samples in the DGF group were significantly lower than those in the IGF group (all P<0.05). At postoperative 14 and 28 d, the IL-35 levels in the urine samples did not significantly differ between two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusions The low levels of IL-35 in the serum and urine of recipients after renal transplantation are associated with the incidence of DGF to certain extent, prompting that excessively weak systemic and local anti-inflammatory responses early after renal transplantation and uncontrolled excessive inflammatory response are probably the pivotal causes of DGF.