Analysis of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis of 1 263 pulmonary nodules / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To explore the key points and difficulties of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. Methods    The intraoperative frozen section and postoperative paraffin section results of pulmonary nodule patients in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2021 to January 2022 were collected. The main causes of misdiagnosis in frozen section diagnosis were analyzed, and the main points of diagnosis and differential diagnosis were summarized. Results    According to the inclusion criteria, a total of 1 263 frozen section diagnosis results of 1 178 patients were included in the study, including 475 males and 703 females, with an average age of 58.7 (23-86) years. In 1 263 frozen section diagnosis results, the correct diagnosis rate was 95.65%, and the misdiagnosis rate was 4.35%. There were 55 misdiagnoses, including 18 (3.44%) invasive adenocarcinoma, 17 (5.82%) adenocarcinoma in situ, 7 (35.00%) mucinous adenocarcinoma, 4 (2.09%) minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, 3 (100.00%) IgG4 related diseases, 2 (66.67%) mucinous adenocarcinoma in situ, 1 (16.67%) atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, 1 (14.29%) sclerosing pulmonary cell tumor, 1 (33.33%) bronchiolar adenoma, and 1 (100.00%) papillary adenoma. Conclusion    Intraoperative frozen section diagnosis still has its limitations. Clinicians need to make a comprehensive judgment based on imaging examination and clinical experience.

Unilateral parotid gland Simultaneously primary two different pathological tumors: a case report and literature review / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To explore the clinical manifestations, histopathological characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of simultaneous unilateral primary tumors of different pathological types in the parotid gland.@*Methods@#A case of simultaneous unilateral primary parotid gland tumors, i.e., adenolymphoma and basal cell adenoma, was reviewed and analyzed in combination with the literature.@*Results@#The patient discovered a lump in the right parotid gland area one month prior to presentation, and a tumor was palpated in the shallow lobe of the right parotid gland before surgery. According to MR images, the initial diagnoses were tumors of the shallow and deep lobes of the right parotid gland. The tumors of the deep and shallow lobes were excised with part of the gland, and the facial nerves were dissected under general anesthesia. Postoperative pathology revealed an adenolymphoma in the shallow lobe of the right parotid gland and a basal cell adenoma with cystic transformation in the deep lobe. The surgical effect was good, with no complications, and there was no recurrence after 1 year of follow-up. A review of the relevant literature showed that multiple primary tumors of the parotid gland can manifest as the simultaneous presence of two or more types of tumors on both sides or on one side, and the disease is mainly treated with surgery.@*Conclusion@#Multiple unilateral primary parotid gland tumors are rare. Imaging examinations need to be combined with clinical evaluations to prevent missed diagnoses. Surgery is the first treatment option, and patients with benign tumors have a good prognosis.

Histerectomía total laparoscópica: resultados perioperatorios en 10 años de experiencia / Single-center cohort study of perioperative outcomes on total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH): a 10-year experience

Resumen Introducción : La extirpación del útero, (histerectomía) es la cirugía más frecuente en ginecología. En Argentina existen pocas publicaciones sobre los resultados perio peratorios de este tipo de procedimiento, y menos aún sobre histerectomía mínimamente invasiva. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la tasa de complica ciones perioperatorias en pacientes con histerectomía total laparoscópica realizada en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, desde el 7 de enero de 2010 al 22 de diciembre de 2020. Métodos : estudio de cohorte retrospectivo donde se revisaron las historias clínicas electrónicas de pacien tes sometidas a una histerectomía laparoscópica en el período mencionado. Se evaluaron las complicaciones intraquirúrgicas y postoperatorias utilizando la clasifi cación validada de Clavien-Dindo. Resultados : Se incluyeron 1014 pacientes. La tasa de complicaciones intraquirúrgicas fue de 4.5%. Se halló una tasa de complicaciones postoperatorias de 16.6% (n=168), siendo 12.3% (n=125) Clavien-Dindo ≤ 2, y 4.2% (n=43) Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3. En el análisis multivariable que se ajustó por peso uterino >170g, edad, índice de masa corporal y más de dos cirugías abdominales pre vias, se encontró asociación entre peso uterino > 170 g y complicaciones postoperatorias, OR 1.49, IC 95% 1.04- 2.14, p = 0.03. Discusión : Al evaluar el porcentaje de complicaciones menores y mayores, nuestros números se encuentran dentro de los parámetros aceptables para realizar este tipo de cirugía, más aún, considerando que la evaluación se realizó en un ámbito educativo.

Abstract Introduction : The removal of the uterus, (hysterec tomy), is the most frequent surgery in gynecology. In Argentina there are few publications on the periopera tive results of this type of procedure, and even less on minimally invasive hysterectomy. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of perioperative compli cations in patients with total laparoscopic hysterectomy performed at Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, from January 7, 2010 to December 22, 2020. Methods : retrospective cohort study where electronic medical records were reviewed. Intrasurgical and postop erative complications were evaluated using the validated Clavien-Dindo's classification. Results : 1014 patients were included. The rate of intra-surgical complications was 4.5%. In respect to postoperative complications, there was found a rate of 16.6% (n=168), being 12.3% (n=125) Clavien-Dindo ≤ 2, and 4.2% (n=43) Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3. In a multivariable analysis that adjusted for uterine weight > 170g, age, body mass index, and more than two previous abdomi nal surgeries, an association was found between uterine weight >170g and postoperative complications OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.04- 2.14, p=0.03. Discussion : When evaluating the percentage of mi nor and major complications, our findings are within the acceptable parameters for performing this type of surgery, even though the evaluation was carried out in an educational setting.

Intensive glucose control in critically ill adults: a protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis / Controle intensivo da glicose em adultos em estado grave: um protocolo de revisão sistemática e metanálise de dados individuais de pacientes

ABSTRACT Objective: The optimal target for blood glucose concentration in critically ill patients is unclear. We will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis with aggregated and individual patient data from randomized controlled trials, comparing intensive glucose control with liberal glucose control in critically ill adults. Data sources: MEDLINE®, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, and clinical trials registries (World Health Organization, clinical trials.gov). The authors of eligible trials will be invited to provide individual patient data. Published trial-level data from eligible trials that are not at high risk of bias will be included in an aggregated data meta-analysis if individual patient data are not available. Methods: Inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials that recruited adult patients, targeting a blood glucose of ≤ 120mg/dL (≤ 6.6mmol/L) compared to a higher blood glucose concentration target using intravenous insulin in both groups. Excluded studies: those with an upper limit blood glucose target in the intervention group of > 120mg/dL (> 6.6mmol/L), or where intensive glucose control was only performed in the intraoperative period, and those where loss to follow-up exceeded 10% by hospital discharge. Primary endpoint: In-hospital mortality during index hospital admission. Secondary endpoints: mortality and survival at other timepoints, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, vasoactive agents, and renal replacement therapy. A random effect Bayesian meta-analysis and hierarchical Bayesian models for individual patient data will be used. Discussion: This systematic review with aggregate and individual patient data will address the clinical question, 'what is the best blood glucose target for critically ill patients overall?' Protocol version 0.4 - 06/26/2023 PROSPERO registration: CRD42021278869

RESUMO Objetivo: Não está claro qual é a meta ideal de concentração de glicose no sangue em pacientes em estado grave. Realizaremos uma revisão sistemática e uma metanálise com dados agregados e de pacientes individuais de estudos controlados e randomizados, comparando o controle intensivo da glicose com o controle liberal da glicose em adultos em estado grave. Fontes de dados: MEDLINE®, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials e registros de ensaios clínicos (Organização Mundial da Saúde, clinical trials.gov). Os autores dos estudos qualificados serão convidados a fornecer dados individuais de pacientes. Os dados publicados em nível de ensaio qualificado que não apresentem alto risco de viés serão incluídos em uma metanálise de dados agregados se os dados individuais de pacientes não estiverem disponíveis. Métodos: Critérios de inclusão: ensaios clínicos controlados e randomizados que recrutaram pacientes adultos, com meta de glicemia ≤ 120mg/dL (≤ 6,6mmol/L) comparada a uma meta de concentração de glicemia mais alta com insulina intravenosa em ambos os grupos. Estudos excluídos: aqueles com meta de glicemia no limite superior no grupo de intervenção > 120mg/dL (> 6,6mmol/L), ou em que o controle intensivo de glicose foi realizado apenas no período intraoperatório, e aqueles em que a perda de seguimento excedeu 10% até a alta hospitalar. Desfecho primário: Mortalidade intra-hospitalar durante a admissão hospitalar. Desfechos secundários: Mortalidade e sobrevida em outros momentos, duração da ventilação mecânica invasiva, agentes vasoativos e terapia de substituição renal. Utilizaremos metanálise bayesiana de efeito randômico e modelos bayesianos hierárquicos para dados individuais de pacientes. Discussão: Essa revisão sistemática com dados agregados e de pacientes individuais abordará a questão clínica: Qual é a melhor meta de glicose no sangue de pacientes graves em geral? Protocolo versão 0.4 - 26/06/2023 Registro PROSPERO: CRD42021278869

Diferenças no perfil de complicações pós-operatórias em pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia de aumento e mastopexia com prótese / Differences in the profile of postoperative complications in patients undergoing breast augmentation and mastopexy with prosthesis

Introdução: A mamoplastia de aumento é uma dos procedimentos mais realizados em Cirurgia Plástica em todo o mundo. A mastopexia com prótese também é um procedimento amplamente realizado, reservado para outro perfil de pacientes. Muitas complicações podem ser evitadas quando se estudam os fatores de risco para desfechos desfavoráveis. Método: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo realizado por meio da análise de prontuários de pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia primária de aumento e mastopexia com implantes mamários no período de janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2020. Resultados: Das 112 pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia com implante mamário no período do estudo, 76 foram submetidas a mamoplastia de aumento primária (67,86%) e 36 pacientes a mastopexia com implante mamário (32,14%). As pacientes submetidas a mastopexia apresentaram maior média de idade em relação àquelas submetidas a mamoplastia de aumento (p<0,001) e apresentaram menores volumes de implantes mamários (p=0,002). As complicações mais comuns em ambos os grupos incluem a deiscência da ferida operatória, mais comum após mastopexia com prótese. Conclusão: A mastopexia de aumento realizada em procedimento único apresenta maior índice de complicações quando comparada à mamoplastia de aumento realizada individualmente. No entanto, o maior número de complicações precoces observadas no procedimento combinado é a soma dos dois procedimentos distintamente individuais e não um aumento exponencial.

Introduction: Breast augmentation is one of the most performed procedures in Plastic Surgery worldwide. Mastopexy with prosthesis is also a widely performed procedure reserved for other patient profiles. Many complications can be avoided when studying risk factors for unfavorable outcomes. Method: This is a retrospective study carried out through the analysis of medical records of patients who underwent primary breast augmentation and mastopexy with breast implants from January 2018 to December 2020. Results: Of the 112 patients who underwent mammoplasty with the implant during the study period, 76 patients underwent primary breast augmentation (67.86%), and 36 underwent mastopexy with breast implant (32.14%). Patients undergoing mastopexy had a higher average age compared to those undergoing breast augmentation (p<0.001) and had smaller volumes of breast implants (p=0.002). The most common complications in both groups include surgical wound dehiscence, more common after mastopexy with prosthesis. Conclusion: Breast augmentation performed as a single procedure has a higher rate of complications when compared to breast augmentation performed individually. However, the greater number of early complications observed with the combined procedure is the sum of the two distinctly individual procedures and not an exponential increase.

Desplazamiento de Tercer Molar Inferior a Espacio Submandibular: Reporte de Caso y Revisión de Literatura / Lower Third Molar Displacement to Submandibular Space: Case Report and Literature Review

El desplazamiento de un tercer molar a un espacio anatómico adyacente, ya sea en su totalidad o un fragmento de este, se encuentra descrito como una complicación rara pero posible de las exodoncias de terceros molares. En este reporte se aborda específicamente el desplazamiento accidental de un tercer molar inferior hacia el espacio submandibular izquierdo, el cual fue resuelto quirúrgicamente mediante un abordaje intraoral bajo anestesia general por el equipo de cirugía maxilofacial del Hospital de Urgencia Asistencia Pública, Santiago, Chile. Se realizó una revisión de literatura en la plataforma PubMed con las palabras claves "third molar - submandibular - displacement" obteniendo un total de 17 artículos en los cuales se reportan 15 casos. El propósito del presente escrito fue presentar recomendaciones sobre el manejo actual de esta complicación en base a la literatura disponible.

The displacement of a third molar into an adjacent anatomical space, either in its entirety or a fragment of it, has been described as a rare but posible complication of third molar extractions. This report will specifically address the accidental displacement of a lower third molar into the left submandibular space, which was surgically removed through an intraoral approach under general anesthesia, by the maxillofacial surgeon team of "Hospital de Urgencia Asistencia Pública", Santiago, Chile. An literature review was carried out on PubMed platform with the keywords ""third molar - submandibular - displacement"", obtaining a total of 17 articles where are reported 15 cases. The purpose of this paper is to present recommendations on the current management of this complication based on the available literature.

As principais complicações em cirurgias plásticas em pacientes pós-bariátrica: Uma revisão integrativa da literatura / The main complications in plastic surgery in post-bariatric patients: An integrative review of the literature

Introdução: As intervenções cirúrgicas pós-bariátricas vêm se tornando cada vez mais frequentes e englobam a abdominoplastia, a cirurgia plástica interna da coxa, a braquioplastia e a mastopexia. Porém, devido ao caráter disabsortivo e restritivo do paciente bariátrico, esse estudo tem como objetivo apresentar as complicações advindas de procedimentos estéticos realizados nestes pacientes, expondo os fatores de risco mais associados às sequelas e levantando opções para um melhor desfecho. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, de caráter qualitativo, segundo a pergunta norteadora: "Quais as principais complicações em cirurgias plásticas realizadas em pacientes bariatricados?". A busca foi realizada nas plataformas Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e PubMed. Os artigos incluídos no estudo foram analisados pelo método de conteúdo. Resultados: No total foram incluídos 6 artigos, nos quais observou-se que as principais complicações de cirurgias de contorno corporal, tais como a abdominoplastia e a braquioplastia, em pacientes bariatricados foram, principalmente, deiscência de feridas, seromas e hematomas, complicações, essas, relacionadas principalmente ao índice de massa corporal (IMC) do paciente, às suas comorbidades e ao tabagismo. Conclusão: Percebe-se, hoje, uma maior demanda pelas cirurgias plásticas reparadoras pósbariátrica, principalmente pela abdominoplastia. Consequentemente, houve, também, um aumento no número de complicações intraoperatórias, destacando-se o seroma e a deiscência de feridas. Para amenizá-las, a melhor solução é trabalhar no controle de fatores de risco pré-operatórios do paciente, tais como o IMC elevado e o tabagismo, além de comorbidades que levam à deficiência de cicatrização.

Introduction: Post-bariatric surgical interventions have become increasingly frequent, including abdominoplasty, inner thigh plastic surgery, brachioplasty, and mastopexy. However, due to bariatric patients' malabsorptive and restrictive nature, this study aims to present complications arising from aesthetic procedures performed on these patients, exposing the risk factors most associated with sequelae and raising options for a better outcome. Method: An integrative qualitative literature review was carried out according to the guiding question: "What are the main complications in plastic surgeries performed on bariatric patients?". The search was conducted on the Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) and PubMed platforms. The articles included in the study were analyzed using the content method. Results: In total, 6 articles were included, in which it was observed that the main complications of body contouring surgeries, such as abdominoplasty and brachioplasty, in bariatric patients were mainly wound dehiscence, seromas and hematomas, complications, these, mainly related to the patient's body mass index (BMI), their comorbidities and smoking. Conclusion: Today, there is a greater demand for post-bariatric reconstructive plastic surgery, especially abdominoplasty. Consequently, there was also an increase in intraoperative complications, notably seroma and wound dehiscence. To alleviate them, the best solution is to work on controlling the patient's preoperative risk factors, such as high BMI and smoking, as well as comorbidities that lead to poor healing.

Intra-operative optical coherence tomography in corneal lamellar graft reinforcement for Boston type I keratoprosthesis corneal melt

Corneal melt is a sight-threatening complication of Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis (KPro). Severe corneal melt may result in hypotony, choroidal hemorrhage, and even spontaneous extrusion of the KPro, which may lead to a poor visual prognosis. Lamellar keratoplasty is one surgical option for the management of mild corneal melt, especially when a new KPro is not available. Herein, we present a new surgical technique application, intra-operative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) for the management of cornea graft melt after Boston type 1 KPro implantation. The visual acuity and the intra-ocular maintained stable at 6 months post-operatively, and the KPro remained in place without corneal melting, epithelial ingrowth, or infection. iOCT may prove to be a real-time, non-invasive, and accurate treatment for corneal lamellar dissection and suturing beneath the anterior plate of the KPro, which can effectively help the surgeon to make surgical decisions and reduce post-operative complications.

Surgical outcomes of primary intraocular lens implantation for the treatment of aphakia in pediatric cataracts in the Brazilian public health system / Resultados cirúrgicos do implante primário de lente intraocular no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) para tratamento da afacia na infância, em catarata pediátrica

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate primary intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of children's aphakia in the Brazilian public health system and compare the outcomes among different age groups. Methods: Children aged 0-12 years old with unilateral or bilateral congenital/developmental cataracts and underwent primary intraocular lens implantation were included. Results: A total of 108 eyes from 68 children were evaluated, and the children were divided into four age groups (<7 months [mo]; 7 mo-2 years old [y/o]; 2-5 y/o, and >5 y/o) were evaluated. Nineteen eyes (17.59%) presented visual axis opacification as a postoperative complication, which was more frequently observed in the <7 mo age group (37.93%). The difference was significant between the <7 mo and >5 y/o age groups (p=0.002). Visual axis opacification was divided into two categories: pupillary membrane and lens cell proliferation. Eight eyes presented pupillary membrane, whereas 14 showed lens cell proliferation. Out of eight eyes with pupillary membrane, seven occurred in the <7 mo age group. The difference between the <7 mo age group and the 2-5 y/o or >5 y/o age group was significant (p=0.01). Lens cell proliferation was more frequent in the <7 mo and 2-5 y/o age groups, but the difference was significant only between the < 7 mo age group and >5 y/o age group (p=0.040). Glaucoma and glaucoma suspect cases were not observed during the follow-up period. Conclusions: The main complication found in the study was visual axis opacification, which had a higher incidence in children operated on or before the age of 7 months.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o implante de lente intraocular primária para tratamento da afacia pediátrica no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e comparar os resultados em diferentes faixas etárias. Métodos: Foram incluídas crianças com catarata congênita e do desenvolvimento unilateral ou bilateral de 0-12 anos de idade e submetidas a implante de lente intraocular primária. Resultados: Cento e oito olhos de 68 crianças divididas em quatro grupos de idade (<7m; 7m-2a; 2-5a e > 5a) foram avaliados. Dezenove olhos (17,59%) apresentaram opacificação do eixo visual como complicação pós-operatória. Essa complicação foi mais frequente na faixa etária <7 meses (37,93%). A diferença foi significativa entre os grupos de idade <7 meses e > 5 anos (p=0,002). A opacificação do eixo visual foi dividida em duas categorias: membrana pupilar e proliferação de células do cristalino. Oito olhos apresentaram membrana pupilar e 14 proliferação de células do cristalino. Dos oito olhos com membrana pupilar, sete ocorreram na faixa etária <7 meses. A diferença entre o grupo de idade <7 meses e os grupos de 2-5 anos e > 5 anos foi significativa (p=0,01). A proliferação de células do cristalino foi mais frequente nos grupos de idade <7 meses e 2-5 anos, mas significativa apenas quando comparados o grupo de idade <7 meses com o grupo> 5 anos de idade (p=0,040). Glaucoma e suspeitos de glaucoma não foram observados durante o acompanhamento. Conclusões: A principal complicação encontrada no estudo foi a opacificação do eixo visual. Sua incidência foi maior em crianças operadas antes dos 7 meses de idade.

Comparative evaluation of intraoperative aberrometry and Barrett’s toric calculator in toric intraocular lens implantation

Purpose: Barrett toric calculator (BTC) is known for its accuracy in toric IOL (tIOL) calculation over standard calculators; however, there is no study in literature to compare it with real?time intraoperative aberrometry (IA). The aim was to compare the accuracy of BTC and IA in predicting refractive outcomes in tIOL implantation. Methods: This was an institution?based prospective, observational study. Patients undergoing routine phacoemulsification with tIOL implantation were enrolled. Biometry was obtained from Lenstar?LS 900 and IOL power calculated using online BTC; however, IOL was implanted as per IA (Optiwave Refractive Analysis, ORA, Alcon) recommendation. Postoperative refractive astigmatism (RA) and spherical equivalent (SE) were recorded at one month, and respective prediction errors (PEs) were calculated using predicted refractive outcomes for both methods. The primary outcome measure was a comparison between mean PE with IA and BTC, and secondary outcome measures were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA), postoperative RA, and SE at one month. SPSS Version?21 was used; P < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Thirty eyes of 29 patients were included. Mean arithmetic and mean absolute PEs for RA were comparable between BTC (?0.70 ± 0.35D; 0.70 ± 0.34D) and IA (0.77 ± 0.32D; 0.80 ± 0.39D) (P = 0.09 and 0.09, respectively). Mean arithmetic PE for residual SE was significantly lower for BTC (?0.14 ± 0.32D) than IA (0.001 ± 0.33D) (?0.14 ± 0.32D; P = 0.002); however, there was no difference between respective mean absolute PEs (0.27 ± 0.21 D; 0.27 ± 0.18; P = 0.80). At one?month, mean UCDVA, RA, and SE were 0.09 ± 0.10D, ?0.57 ± 0.26D, and ?0.18 ± 0.27D, respectively. Conclusion: Both IA and BTC give reliable and comparable refractive results for tIOL implantation.

The potential applicability of facial nerve monitoring as a navigation tool in parotid gland surgery

Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the stimulation amplitude and the distance to the facial nerve. Methods: This study was designed as a prospective clinical study. A total of 20 patients (12 males, 8 females) were included. Partial superficial parotidectomy was performed in all patients with intraoperative facial monitoring. Measurements were made on the main trunk and major branches. Stimulation was started at 1 mA and incrementally increased to 2 and 3mA's. The shortest distance creating a robust response (>100mV) was recorded. Results: At 1 mA, 2 mA and 3 mA stimulation intensity, the average distance between the tip of the stimulation probe and the main trunk was 2.20±0.76 mm (range 1-3 mm), 3.80±0.95 mm (range 2-5 mm), 4.80±1.05 mm (range 3-7 mm) respectively. The stimulus intensity was inversely proportional in respect to the distance between the nerve and the tip of the stimulus probe (P < .00). The same relation was present in the facial nerve major branch measurements (P < .00). Conclusion: The proportional stimulation amplitude and distance to the facial nerve is thought to be a reliable auxillary method to assist the surgeon by facilitating the estimation of the distance to the facial nerve during extracapsular dissection and minimally invasive cases where the facial nerve isn't routinely dissected. Level of evidence: Level 3.

Complications in liposuction: systematic review / Complicações em lipoaspiração: revisão sistemática

Liposuction is among the most performed plastic surgery procedures in Brazil. According to data from the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS), 231,604 liposuctions were performed, 15.5% of all aesthetic procedures in the country in 2019. Adopting liposuction as a single procedure or adjunct to other cosmetic procedures stimulated its technical evolution from simple fat aspiration to more sophisticated body shaping. Thus, this review aimed to systematically evaluate the published data regarding the complications found in liposuction. A review was conducted using PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and gray literature databases, published between 2016 and 2021, using the descriptors "Liposuction" and "Complications." A total of 187 articles were found in the searched databases, of which 16 were selected according to the outcome "to assess safety through the prevalence of complications in liposuction as a single procedure and associated with other procedures such as abdominoplasty and fat grafting." We found a mortality rate ranging from 0 to 0.06 among all procedures and a predominance of venous thromboembolism, hematoma, seroma, and hyperpigmentation concerning all complications, being more common when liposuction is associated with other procedures. Therefore, through this review, it was possible to verify that liposuction as a single procedure has lower complication rates when compared to liposuction combined with other procedures.

A lipoaspiração está entre os procedimentos da cirurgia plástica mais realizados no Brasil. Segundo dados da International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS), foram totalizadas 231.604 lipoaspirações, 15,5% dentre todos os procedimentos estéticos realizados no país em 2019. A adoção da lipoaspiração como procedimento único ou coadjuvante a outros procedimentos cosméticos estimulou sua evolução técnica da simples aspiração de gordura para uma modelagem corporal mais sofisticada. Desse modo, esta revisão objetivou avaliar sistematicamente os dados publicados em relação às complicações encontradas na lipoaspiração. Foi realizada uma revisão utilizando os bancos de dados PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Web of Science e grey literature, publicados entre os anos de 2016 e 2021, através dos descritores "Liposuction" and "Complications". Foram encontrados 187 artigos nas bases de dados pesquisadas, dos quais 16 foram selecionados de acordo com o desfecho "avaliar a segurança através da prevalência de complicações na lipoaspiração como procedimento único e a associada a outros procedimentos como abdominoplastia e lipoenxertia". Encontramos uma taxa de mortalidade que varia de 0 a 0,06 dentre todos os procedimentos e um predomínio de tromboembolismo venoso, hematoma, seroma e hiperpigmentação em relação a todas as complicações, sendo mais encontradas quando a lipoaspiração é associada a outros procedimentos. Logo, por meio desta revisão foi possível constatar que a lipoaspiração como procedimento único apresenta menores taxas de complicações quando comparada à lipoaspiração combinada com outros procedimentos.

Manejo de las complicaciones durante la cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal / Complication Management during Nasosinusal Endoscopic Surgery

Introducción: La cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal ha evolucionado de forma importante desde su creación. La posición anatómica que ocupan las cavidades nasosinusales con importantes estructuras adyacentes hacen que sus complicaciones, aunque raras, traigan secuelas irreversibles e incluso la muerte del paciente. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sobre los tipos de complicaciones, frecuencia y su manejo durante la cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal. Métodos: Revisión documental en bases de datos bibliográficos sobre el tema durante el período de diciembre 2021 a enero 2022. Se seleccionaron 27 artículos relacionados con el objetivo propuesto y se desarrolló un documento resumen con la información recolectada. Desarrollo: La clasificación más utilizada separa las complicaciones en tres grados de severidad y las tasas de complicaciones mayores están por debajo del 1 por ciento en manos de cirujanos experimentados. Reconocer los sitios de mayor riesgo y los síntomas que puedan aparecer en el paciente son fundamentales para el rápido manejo de la complicación. Conclusiones: La cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal ha demostrado ser una excelente herramienta para el tratamiento quirúrgico de las enfermedades de estas cavidades en manos experimentadas. Aunque las tasas de complicaciones son ínfimas, saber reconocerlas y tratarlas a tiempo resulta fundamental(AU)

Introduction: Endoscopic nasosinusal surgery has evolved significantly since its inception. The anatomical position of the nasosinusal cavities, with important adjacent structures, means that its complications, although rare, bring about irreversible sequelae, and even death, for the patient. Objective: To review the types and frequency of complications, as well as their management, during endoscopic nasosinusal surgery. Methods: A documentary review on the subject was conducted in bibliographic databases during the period from December 2021 to January 2022. Twenty-seven articles related to the proposed objective were selected, while a summary document was developed with the collected information. Development: The most commonly used classification separates complications into three degrees of severity and includes major complication rates below 1 percent in the hands of experienced surgeons. Recognizing the sites of greatest risk and the symptoms that may appear in the patient are fundamental for the rapid management of the complication. Conclusions: Endoscopic nasosinusal surgery has proven to be an excellent tool for the surgical treatment of the diseases of these cavities in experienced hands. Although complication rates are minimal, it is essential to know how to identify and treat them(AU)

Tratamiento mínimamente invasivo del catéter doble J calcificado

Introducción: La calcificación del catéter doble J puede encontrarse en el 13 % de los colocados y aumenta proporcionalmente al tiempo que permanezca en contacto con la orina. Los investigadores coinciden en que el catéter doble J calcificado es una complicación compleja de resolver. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, de 2011 a 2021. Se utilizaron las bases de datos SciELO, EBSCO, Elsevier y PubMed, con los descriptores: litiasis, catéteres, procedimientos quirúrgicos mínimamente invasivos y complicaciones intraoperatorias y posoperatorias. Objetivo: Describir el papel de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva para el tratamiento del catéter doble J calcificado. Desarrollo: Los factores de riesgo relacionados a catéter doble J calcificados son clínico-terapéuticos y sociodemográficos, como la infección urinaria, antecedentes de litiasis, embarazo, enfermedad renal crónica, anomalías metabólicas o congénitas. Los de poliuretano presentan mayores tasas de calcificación. La litotricia extracorpórea por ondas de choque puede emplearse hasta en 70,7 % de los pacientes. Métodos multimodales como ureteroscopía, previa cistolitotricia transuretral, se han aplicado entre 6 % y 17,9 %, la nefrolitotomía percutánea y ureteroscopía, previa cistolitotricia o no, en el 7,7 % al 20 %. Las complicaciones más frecuentes se informan durante el posoperatorio (20 %): fiebre, dolor, vómitos, hematuria, pielonefritis, sepsis, urinoma, migración espontánea del nuevo catéter colocado y daño renal agudo, entre otras. Conclusiones: La cirugía mínimamente invasiva en la actualidad es el pilar fundamental, del tratamiento de los pacientes con catéter doble J calcificado.

Introduction: The calcification of the double J catheter can be found in 13% of those placed and increases proportionally to the time it remains in contact with urine. The researchers agree that the calcified double J catheter is a complex complication to resolve. A bibliographic review was carried out, from 2011 to 2021. The resources of the SciELO, EBSCO, Elsevier and PubMed databases were used in relation to the descriptors lithiasis, catheters, minimally invasive surgical procedures and intraoperative and postoperative complications. Objective: To describe the role of minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of calcified double J catheter. Development: The risk factors related to calcified double J are clinical-therapeutic and sociodemographic, such as urinary tract infection, history of lithiasis, pregnancy, chronic kidney disease, metabolic or congenital anomalies. Those made of polyurethane have higher rates of calcification. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy can be used in up to 70.7% of patients. Multimodal methods such as ureteroscopy prior to transurethral cystolithotripsy have been applied between 6-17.9%, percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureteroscopy prior cystolithotripsy or not in 7.7%-20%. The most frequent complications are reported during the postoperative period (20%): fever, pain, vomiting, hematuria, pyelonephritis, sepsis, urinoma, spontaneous migration of the newly placed catheter, and acute kidney injury, among others. Conclusions: Minimally invasive surgery is currently the cornerstone of treatment for patients with calcified double-J catheters.

Colangiografía videolaparoscópica intraoperatoria y colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica en pacientes con sospecha de colédocolitiasis / Intraoperative Videolaparoscopic Cholangiography and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Patients with Suspected Choledocholithiasis

Introducción: La coledocolitiasis se ha convertido en un problema de salud para el cual existen disímiles opciones de tratamiento. Objetivo: Exponer los resultados obtenidos con la colangiografía videolaparoscópica intraoperatoria y la colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica en pacientes con sospecha de coledocolitiasis. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en pacientes con sospecha de coledocolitiasis sometidos a colangiografía videolaparoscópica y la colangiopancreatografía endoscópica en el Hospital Militar Clínico Quirúrgico Docente de Camagüey Dr. Octavio de la Concepción y de la Pedraja durante el período de enero de 2015 a diciembre de 2019. El universo lo conformaron los 117 pacientes sometidos a ambos procederes. Se controlaron las variables de sospecha de coledocolitiasis, grupos de edades, sexo, hallazgos imagenológicos, complicaciones e índice de sospecha de coledocolitiasis. Resultados: En la colangiografía videolaparoscópica intraoperatoria fue mayor la posibilidad diagnóstica y menor las complicaciones. El diagnóstico de coledocolitiasis fue mayor en los pacientes sometidos a colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica, aunque esta no permitió evaluar a pacientes con bajo riesgo. Los pacientes del sexo femenino fueron más frecuentes en ambos grupos y la sospecha de coledocolitiasis se observó en grupo de edades entre 31 y 45 años. Sin embargo, fue normal el hallazgo de las vías biliares en ambos procederes. Conclusiones: Ambos métodos son seguros y útiles en el estudio en pacientes con sospecha de coledocolitiasis, con mayor eficacia diagnóstica para la técnica videolaparoscópica y menos complicaciones. El hallazgo normal de la vía biliar fue el resultado que prevaleció en ambos procederes(AU)

Introduction: Choledocholithiasis has become a health problem for which there are dissimilar treatment options. Objective: To present the results obtained with intraoperative videolaparoscopic cholangiography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in patients with suspected choledocholithiasis and submitted to videolaparoscopic cholangiography and endoscopic cholangiopancreatography at Hospital Militar Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Dr. Octavio de la Concepción y de la Pedraja, of Camagüey, during the period from January 2015 to December 2019. The study universe consisted of 117 patients submitted to both procedures. The variables of suspected choledocholithiasis, age groups, sex, imaging findings, complications and index of suspected choledocholithiasis were controlled. Results: Intraoperative videolaparoscopic cholangiography had a higher diagnostic possibility and lower complications. The diagnosis of choledocholithiasis was higher in patients submitted to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, although this did not allow the assessment of low-risk patients. Female patients were more frequent in both groups, while suspected choledocholithiasis was observed in patients between 31 and 45 years of age. However, the finding of a normal biliary tract was common to both procedures. Conclusions: Both methods are safe and useful in the study in patients with suspected choledocholithiasis, with greater diagnostic efficacy, as well as fewer complications, for the videolaparoscopic technique. The finding of a normal biliary tract was the prevailing result in both procedures(AU)

Manejo quirúrgico de bad split bilateral en cirugía ortognática / Surgical management of bilateral bad split during orthognathic surgery

El bad split es un término clínico que refiere a una fractura no planificada que ocurre al momento de realizar una osteotomía sagital de rama mandibular (OSRM). Afecta aproximadamente al 2,3% de los pacientes y se han descrito factores de riesgo tales como la presencia de terceros molares mandibulares, edad avanzada al momento de la cirugía, técnica de osteotomía inadecuada, entre otros. Se recomienda efectuar manio-bras preventivas para evitar la aparición de patrones de fractura no deseados al realizar la OSRM. Sin embargo, al momento de pesquisar un bad split, éste debe ser tratado por un equipo capacitado y de manera oportuna para evitar retardo en la consolidación, infecciones y secuestros óseos que puedan comprometer los resultados de la cirugía. En este artículo se presenta el manejo de un caso clínico de bad split bilateral intraoperatorio por el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital San José, enfatizando su tratamiento quirúrgico.

Bad Split is a clinical term referring to an unplanned fracture that occurs during the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO). It affects approximately 2,3% of the patients undergoing orthognathic surgery and several risk factors have been described such as the presence of mandibular third molars, advanced age at the moment of orthognathic surgery, inadequate osteotomy technique, etc. Preventive maneuvers are recommended in order to avoid the appearance of undesired fracture patterns during BSSO. However, if a bad split is detected it must be managed and treated by a qualified team to avoid further complications such as delayed bone consolidation, bone infection and necrosis. In this article we present the management of a case of bilateral bad split by the Maxillofacial Surgery Service of Hospital San José, emphasizing on its surgical treatment.

Escisión meso-rectal total por vía trans anal (TaTME). Experiencia institucional / Trans anal total meso-rectal excision (TaTME). Institutional experience

Introducción. La cirugía es la base del tratamiento curativo del cáncer de recto. La escisión meso-rectal total ha permitido mejorar los desenlaces oncológicos, disminuyendo las tasas de recurrencia locorregional e impactando en la supervivencia global. El empleo de esta técnica en los tumores de recto medio o distal es un reto quirúrgico, en el que la vía trans anal, permite superar las dificultades técnicas. Método. Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo, recolectando la información de los pacientes con cáncer de recto medio y distal llevados a cirugía con esta técnica, en dos instituciones de cuarto nivel en Medellín, Colombia, entre enero de 2017 y marzo de 2022. Se analizaron sus características demográficas, la morbilidad perioperatoria y la pieza quirúrgica. Resultados. Se incluyeron 28 pacientes sometidos al procedimiento trans anal y laparoscópico de forma simultánea; al 57 % se les realizó una ileostomía de protección. Hubo complicaciones en el 60,7 % de los pacientes; ocurrieron cuatro casos de fuga anastomótica. No se presentó ninguna mortalidad perioperatoria. Conclusiones. La tasa de morbilidad perioperatoria es acorde con lo reportado en la literatura. Se resalta la importancia de la curva de aprendizaje quirúrgica y de incluir la calificación de la integridad meso-rectal dentro del informe patológico. Se requiere seguimiento a largo plazo para determinar el impacto en desenlaces oncológicos, calidad de vida y morbilidad

Introduction. Surgery is the pillar of curative treatment for rectal cancer. Total meso-rectal excision has improved oncological outcomes, decreasing locoregional recurrence rates and impacting overall survival. The use of this technique in tumors of the middle or distal rectum is a surgical challenge, in which the trans anal route allows overcoming technical difficulties. Method. A retrospective observational study was carried out, collecting information from patients with middle and distal rectal cancer undergoing surgery with this technique, in two level 4 institutions in Medellín, Colombia, between January 2017 and March 2022. Results. Twenty-eight patients were included; their demographic characteristics, perioperative morbidity, and surgical specimen were analyzed. All patients underwent the trans anal and laparoscopic procedures simultaneously; 57% underwent a protective ileostomy. There was no perioperative mortality. Complications occurred in 60.7% of the patients. Only four cases of anastomotic leak occurred. Conclusions. The perioperative morbidity rate is consistent with that reported in the literature; the importance of the surgical curve and to include the qualification of the meso-rectal integrity within the pathological report is highlighted. Long-term follow-up is required to determine the impact on oncological outcomes, quality of life, and morbidity

Application of laparoscopic ultrasound in retroperitoneal radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma with Type II inferior vena cava tumor thrombectomy

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the application value of laparoscopic ultrasound (LU) in retroperitoneal radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma with Type II inferior vena cava tumor thrombectomy (RRN-RCC-TII-IVCTT). Methods: The clinical data (operative time, length of tumor thrombus, tumor length, intraoperative bleeding, clinical stage, histological type, residual tumor tissue, and postoperative follow-up) of 6 patients who underwent LU-guided RRN-RCC-TII-IVCTT were retrospectively analyzed, and the intraoperative experience of LU was also summarized. Results: All 6 patients recovered well with liver and kidney functions returning to normal, and no tumor recurrence, metastasis, or vena cava tumor thrombus. Conclusions: LU-guided RRN-RCC-TII-IVCTT is a feasible treatment option, which locates the tumor accurately by retroperitoneal approach and provides the additional benefit of reduced intraoperative bleeding and shortened operative time, also achieving the much sought-after goal of precision.

Evaluation of Risk Factors of Postoperative Urinary Retention in Male Patients Undergoing Surgery Under Spinal Anaesthesia : A Prospective Study

Background : Postoperative Urinary Retention (POUR) is common after regional anaesthesia with a reported incidence between 5% and 70%. POUR can lead to significant morbidity with additional surprise and mental trauma to the patient when unwarned. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of POUR in male patients undergoing Surgery under Spinal Anaesthesia and to study the risk factors related to it. Methods : 692 male patients were analysed prospectively for the need for catheterisation which was defined as 搕he inability to void in the immediate Postoperative period with accompanying discomfort and a palpable Bladder.� All such patients were catheterised as an emergency. A record was made about the mean age, surgical condition, comorbidities, duration of Surgery, use of intra-operative sedatives, intra-operative fluid infused and International Prostate System Score (IPSS). Results : The overall mean age of patients with POUR was 46 years. The incidence of POUR was highest among Perianal Surgeries ie, 52/70 (13%) followed by Hernia Surgeries, 18/70 (6.3%). An appreciable reduction was observed in urinary retention after administration of intra-operative sedatives (p=0.022) and lower IPSS (p=0.001). Factors such as age, intra-operative fluid administration, duration of Surgery and previous history of Diabetes did not reach statistical significance as being predictive of urinary retention. Conclusion : An IPSS greater than 7 increases the risk of Postoperative Urinary Retention while the use of intraoperative Sedative in combination with Spinal Anaesthesia decreases the risk. In high-risk patients undergoing perianal procedures, pre-operative patient counselling about the possibility of Postprocedure retention is recommended.

Hypersonic vitrectomy in intraoperative posterior capsular rupture with retained nuclear fragments

In our report, we present the hypersonic vitrectomy (Vitesse, Bausch and Lomb) being employed for anterior vitreous liquefaction and removal in posterior capsular rupture. The capsular tear with nucleus drop during conventional phacoemulsification was managed by vitrectomy using the hypersonic vitrector after posterior-assisted levitation followed by intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. The minimal cortical and epinuclear lens particles in the anterior chamber and vitreous were also liquefied with a stoke length of 30 to 40 ?m and aspirated via the Vitesse vitrectomy system. The same probe performs the vitrectomy and the nucleus removal. The postoperative period was uneventful with clear cornea, normal fundus, and 20/20 best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). The hypersonic vitrectomy utilizes the ultrasound power of 29.5 kHz and a stoke length of 0 to 60 ?m for liquefaction of the vitreous. It can be a safe alternative for vitrectomy and lens removal in a single setting.