Immune-related ureteritis/cystitis caused by lung adenocarcinoma treated with combination of sintilimab and bevacizumab: a case report and literature review / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#[摘 要] 免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）延长了晚期癌症患者的生存期，然而随着ICI在抗癌治疗中的广泛应用，却涌现出新的、罕见的免疫相关不良反应（irAE）。本文报道1例由程序性死亡受体-1（PD-1）抑制剂信迪利单抗所致的罕见irAE—免疫性输尿管炎/膀胱炎。患者为55岁肺腺癌（T4N3M1，Ⅳ期），女性，在给予“贝伐珠单抗”联合“信迪利单抗”治疗4个疗程后，出现尿频、尿急、尿痛及肉眼血尿等症状治疗。尿常规显示红细胞和白细胞明显增多，尿液培养和细胞学检查均为阴性，泌尿系统彩超及全程CT显示双侧输尿管全程扩张、管壁增厚、周围多发渗出、膀胱壁增厚、周围多发渗出。经多学科会诊（MDT）及文献检索后，患者被诊断为免疫性输尿管炎/膀胱炎。本文还回顾了文献报道的病例，以阐明其临床特征，为免疫性输尿管炎/膀胱炎的临床早诊断、适当处理及治疗提供有益的帮助。

Clinical Value of Autoantibody Prognostic Markers in Tumor Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy / 中国肺癌杂志

Serum autoantibody markers have the advantages of easy specimen acquisition, simple detection technology and dynamic real-time monitoring. With the wide application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of malignant tumors, autoantibody markers in predicting tumor immune checkpoint inhibitors efficacy and forecasting irAEs (immune related adverse events) show good prediction of potential. This review mainly focused on the progress of autoantibody markers in the prediction of therapeutic effect and the monitoring of irAE in tumor immunotherapy.
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Present status and thought on tumor immunotherapy and related biomarkers / 中国肿瘤临床

Tumor immunotherapy has changed mode for tumor treatment and has gradually developed into the fourth tumor treatment option after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, the response rate of immunotherapy is limited. Identification of accurate tumor immunotherapy biomarkers as targets or detection and evaluation indicators would be helpful to improve the response rate. Explorations of more effective delivery of immunotherapy would benefit more patients. Prevention and response to immune-related adverse reactions are also necessary. With the development of research, immunotherapy will bring more hope to cancer patients.

Cancer Immunotherapy Related Endocrine Adverse Effects

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapy for a wide variety of tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors including anti cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibodies have proven to be especially effective in various advanced cancers. However, cancer the immunotherapy disturbs the immune system and may also cause immune related side effects (IRAE) distinguished from cytotoxic chemotherapy toxicity. Among them, endocrine IRAE has been reported with a higher incidence than other organ IRAE. We focus on the most relevant and new aspects related to endocrine IRAE due to cancer immunotherapy in this review.