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Background: In surgery for treating esophageal cancer, the esophageal plastic surgery with stomach tube is the operation of choice. However, there was high rate of anastomotic leakage in the esophageal plastic surgery with stomach tube with neck anastomosis. Objectives: to evaluate the result of the esophageal plastic surgery with isoperistaltic stomach tube. Subjectives and Method: a retrospective descriptive study was carried out on 94 patients with esophageal plastic surgery with isoperistaltic gastric tube at Department of Digestive Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital from January 1994 to June 2006. Results: among 94 patients of the study: 95 males (96.0%) and 4 women (4.0%). Mean age was 54.2 \ufffd?9.0. 98 cases was esophageal cancer (99%), 1 case of benign esophageal narrow due to scarring burns (1%). 31 cases of esophageal plasties with small stomach tube (31.3%), 68 cases of esophageal plasties with a large stomach tube (68.7%). The end-to-side anastomosis was done 95 times (96%), end-to-end anastomosis was done 4 times (4%). There were four deaths. 7 anastomotic leakage (7.1%), but not fatal. The postoperative complications included: 9 cases of respiratory complications (9.1%), 1 case of hypo-diaphragm abces (1%), 7 cases of incision infection (7%). 8 cases of anastomotic narrow (8.4%). 94 patients with normal stomach circulation (98.9%). 88 patients with normal eating (92.6%). Conlussions: the esophageal plastic surgery with isoperistaltic gastric tube was a safe method, with low rates of mortality, anastomotic leakage. Most patients with eating backed to normal.
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EsofagoplastiaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados da derivação esofagogástrica no câncer avançado do esôfago. MÉTODO: Foram estudados de forma retrospectiva 24 pacientes com carcinoma epidermóide de esôfago nos estádios III (66,66 por cento) e IV (33,34 por cento), submetidos à derivação esofagogástrica através da construção do tubo gástrico isoperistáltico da grande curvatura pela técnica de Postlethwait. RESULTADOS: Quanto à morbidade e mortalidade, os pacientes de média etária de 41,8 anos e linfócitos acima de 1.500/mm³ demonstraram taxas de complicações pós-operatórias inferiores àqueles com média de 54,09 anos. A fístula da anastomose, embora seja considerada comum (15 casos - 62,50 por cento), apresentou evolução benigna e ocluiu espontaneamente em 14 casos. Não houve qualquer tipo de complicação cirúrgica pós-operatória em cinco casos (20,83 por cento), o tempo médio cirúrgico foi de 285,77 minutos, e a mortalidade operatória de sete casos (29,17 por cento). A sobrevida foi 4,19 meses. CONCLUSÕES: Em vista da ocorrência de complicações, que determinam altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade, o tubo gástrico isoperistáltico é um método de tratamento cirúrgico que deve ser dirigido a pacientes selecionados, em especial àqueles com número alto de linfócitos e idade mais baixa.
BACKGROUND: Evaluation of esophageal gastric derivation with isoperistaltic gastric tube in advanced esophageal cancer. METHOD: Twenty-four patients presenting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma classified as stage III (66.66 percent) and IV (33.34 percent), were submitted to an esophagus gastric derivation through the construction of an isoperistaltic gastric tube of the large flexure, using the Postlethwait's technique. RESULTS: Patients with a mean age of 41.8 years and lymphocytes above 1,500/mm³, showed less postoperative disorders than those with a mean age of 54.09 years. Anastomotic fistula, although considered normal in 15 cases (62.50 percent), presented a benign evolution and spontaneously healed in 14 cases. No postoperative complications were observed in 5 cases (20.83 percent) and mean surgical time was 285.77 minutes. Survival rate was 4.19 months. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of high morbidity and mortality rates the isoperistaltic tube is a surgical procedure that must be suggested to well selected cases, specially those with a great rate of lymphocytes, low mean age and in cases where anastomosis fistula has a benign evolution.
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A meta do tratamento dos pacientes portadores de carcinoma avançado de esôfago é o alívio da disfagia. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a experiência dos autores na utilização da derivação esofagogástrica através de um tubo gástrico isoperistáltico seguido de radioterapia, no tratamento de doentes portadores de carcinoma irressecável do esôfago. MÉTODO: No período de 1990 a 1999, 30 pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia de derivação. Vinte e quatro doentes (80 por cento) eram do sexo masculino e seis (20 por cento) do feminino; a idade variou de 27 a 69 anos, média de 49,3 anos. Em todos os casos o diagnóstico foi confirmado por endoscopia digestiva alta e biópsia. Aqueles com tumores maiores que 6cm ao esofagograma ou com sinais de invasão da árvore respiratória à broncoscopia foram considerados irressecáveis. Após avaliação clínica e preparo pré-operatório foram submetidos à operação de derivação. O ato operatório foi realizado por duas equipes, uma na região cervical e outra na abdominal e a duração da intervenção variou entre três a quatro horas. Após a alta hospitalar os pacientes foram encaminhados para a radioterapia. RESULTADOS: Não houve óbito operatório. A mortalidade pós-operatória foi de 10 por cento, um caso de tromboembolismo pulmonar e dois de broncopneumonia. Treze pacientes (43,3 por cento) desenvolveram fístula cervical e em 11 ocorreu o fechamento espontâneo da fístula; um caso necessitou de reoperação e outro veio a falecer no 14º dia pós-operatório com a fístula aberta. Oito pacientes (26,6 por cento) apresentaram estenose da anastomose esôfago-tubo; todos evoluíram bem com dilatação endoscópica. A deglutição foi restabelecida em todos os pacientes até o momento do óbito, excetuando aqueles que faleceram em virtude de complicações pós-operatórias (três casos). O tempo de internação variou de 12 a 45 dias e a sobrevida média foi de 7,9 meses. CONCLUSÕES: Os autores concluíram que nos pacientes portadores...
The goal of the treatment in patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma is to alleviate dysphagia. BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to report the authors' experience with gastric esophageal bypass using isoperistaltic gastric tube followed by radiotherapy, in the treatment of patients with unresectable esophageal carcinoma. METHOD: From 1990 to 1999, 30 patients underwent bypass surgery. Twenty four patients (80 percent) were male and six (20 percent) female, age ranged from 27 to 69 years, with a mean age of 49.3 years. Diagnosis was confirmed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy and biopsy in all patients. Those with tumors greater than 6 cm at esophagography or with signs of invasion of the respiratory sistem at bronchoscopy were considered unresectable. Bypass surgery was carried out after medical assessment and preoperative evaluation. Surgery was performed by two teams, one at the cervical area and another at the abdominal area. Surgical time ranged from 3 to 4 hours. After hospital discharge, patients were referred to radiotherapy. RESULTS: There was no operative mortality. Postoperative mortality was 10 percent, one case of pulmonary thromboembolism and two cases of pneumonia. Thirteen patients (43.3 percent) developed cervical anastomotic leak and eleven had spontaneous resolution; one required a new operation and another patient died at postoperative day 14, with an open fistula. Eight patients (26.6 percent) had anastomotic stenosis, and all of them had a good outcome with endoscopic dilation. Deglutition was reestablished in all patients until death, excluding those who died as a result of postoperative complications (3 cases). Hospitalization time ranged from 12 to 45 days and mean survival rate was 7.9 months. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that, in patients with esophageal unresectable carcinoma, obstruction bypass using an isoperistaltic gastric tube alleviates dysphagia symptoms until death. Morbidity is high, even though...