Expression and distribution of kallikrein-related peptidases 5, 7, 8 and 10 in normal apocrine gland of canine skin / Expresión y distribución de péptidos relacionados con la calicreína 5, 7, 8 y 10 en glándula apocrina normal de piel canina

SUMMARY: Apocrine glands are sweat glands that are located in the skin of the dog. Anal sac apocrine, circunanal apocrine, and mammary glands are considered modified apocrine structures, and there are about nine possible types of neoplasms and other tumors in the apocrine glands of the dog and cat, including cysts, adenoma, carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. Thus, it is important to provide new markers to characterize these glands to improve the histopathological diagnosis. In this article, we describe the distribution of kallikrein- related peptidases 5, 7, 8, and 10 in the normal apocrine glands of the dog's skin. These proteases have been shown to play a fundamental role in the homeostasis of the human skin barrier but have been scarcely studied in canine skin.

Las glándulas apocrinas son glándulas sudoríparas que se encuentran en la piel del perro. Las glándulas apocrinas del saco anal, apocrinas circunanales y mamarias se consideran estructuras apocrinas modificadas, y existen alrededor de nueve tipos posibles de neoplasias y otros tumores en las glándulas apocrinas del perro y el gato, incluidos quistes, adenoma, carcinoma y adenocarcinoma. Por lo tanto, es importante proporcionar nuevos marcadores para caracterizar estas glándulas para mejorar el diagnóstico histopatológico. En este artículo, describimos la distribución de las peptidasas 5, 7, 8 y 10 relacionadas con la calicreína en las glándulas apocrinas normales de la piel del perro. Se ha demostrado que estas proteasas desempeñan un papel fundamental en la homeostasis de la barrera de la piel humana, pero apenas se han estudiado en la piel canina.

KLK6 Promotes Growth, Migration, and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells

PURPOSE: Kallikrein (KLK) proteases are hormone-like signaling molecules with critical functions in different cancers. This study investigated the expression of KLK6 in gastric cancer and its potential role in the growth, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, we compared protein levels of KLK6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) 9 in normal gastric epithelial and gastric cancer cell lines by western blot. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was employed to sort 2 clones of SGC-7901 cells with distinct KLK6 expression, namely, KLK6-high (KLK6high) and KLK6-low (KLK6low), which were then expanded. Lastly, immunohistochemical analysis was performed to investigate KLK6 expression in gastric cancer patients. RESULTS: The expression levels of KLK6, VEGF, and MMP 9, were significantly higher in the gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901, BGC-823, MKN-28, and MGC-803 than in the normal gastric epithelial cell line GES-1. Compared to KLK6low cells, KLK6high cells showed enhanced viability, colony-forming ability, migration, and invasion potential in vitro. Importantly, immunohistochemical analysis of a human gastric cancer tissue cohort revealed that the staining for KLK6, VEGF, and MMP9 was markedly stronger in the cancerous tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues. KLK6 expression also correlated with that of VEGF and MMP9 expression, as well as several key clinicopathological parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Together, these results suggest an important role for KLK6 in human gastric cancer progression.

Down regulation of KLK7 expression in breast tissues and identification of a novel spliced KLK7 mRNA

Background: Alternative splicing commonly occurs in cancer cells and many cancer specific splice variants have been reported as potential candidate biomarkers of the disease. We have studied human tissue Kallikrein 7 (KLK7) mRNA expression profile in breast cancer patients of our region. KLK7 is member of a multi-gene family consisting of 15 members (KLK1-KLK15). Methods: We optimized touch down nested PCR method for the amplification of KLK7 isoforms/variants. Various bioinformatics tools were used for sequence analysis, identification of splicing pattern and prediction of encoded proteins. Results: We observed an unusual splicing event consisting of exon 3 (E3) truncation at 3' end (by 124 nucleotides), exon 4 (E4) exclusion and exon 5 (E5) truncation at 5' end (by 33 nucleotide) in 2 normal breast tissues, one obtained from invasive ductal carcinoma grade II patient and other collected from mammary dysplasia patient. Moreover, 3 other KLK7 mRNAs (KF963190, KF963191, and KF963193) expressed in breast cancer were noticed to exhibit single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs). Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the alternatively spliced mRNA (KF963192) will potentially encode a truncated and non-functional protein. Similarly although encoded proteins have considerable homology with normal hK7 protein, SNPs seem to cause great variations in pIs, structures and molecular weights of encoded proteins. Conclusions: There is need to further explore the impact of the unique splicing event, SNPs and characterize these population specific mutations and their possible role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (AU)

Construction and identification of recombination expression vector Ksp-Cadherin-Gpx1-Kik1 / 药物分析学报

Objective To construct and identify the Gpx1-Klk1 vector which contains kidney-specific promoter (Ksp-cadherin). Methods Through PCR amplification, the human Gpx1, Klk1, and Ksp-cadherin eDNA were obtained by taking Gpx1 cDNA, Klk1 eDNA, and Ksp-cadherin BAC as templates. After being testified, the PCR products were inserted into the expressive vector pIRES-EGFP step-by-step to produce a recombinant vector Ksp-cadherin-Gpx1-Klk1. This vector was examined by restriction enzyme digestion and sequence analysis. Results The recombinant expressive vector Ksp-cadherin-Gpx1-Klk1 was successfully constructed. Conclusion The construction of the recombinant vector Ksp-cadherin-Gpx1-Kik1 laid foundations for investigations in establishing transgenic animal models, the over-expression of Gpx1 and Kikl in mammal kidney, and gene therapy for ischemia-reperfnsion injury during kidney transplantation.

Detection of Kallkreins 4 mRNA in human breast cancer tissue using a quantitative real-time PCR method / 临床检验杂志

Objective To develop a real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(FQ-RCR)method for detection of Kallkreins(KLK)4 gene expression in human breast cancer,and to investigate KLK4 expression levels in breast cancer and normal tissues.Methods KLK4 expression levels of 25 normal breast tissues and 39 cancer tissues were detected by the developed real-time quantitative PCR method.The statistical analysis for the relationship between KLK4 expression and several pathological parameters was performed by t test.Results The levels of KLK4 mRNA in normal breast and breast cancer tissue were 0.0120?0.0044 and 0.0272?0.0067 respectively(P0.05).Conclusions The level of KLK4 mRNA in breast cancer tissue was higher significantly than that in normal breast tissue.The results indicated that KLK4 gene expression may have relevance with breast cancer development but have no significant relevance with ER,PR,CerbB-2 and tumor metastasis.

Clinical study on human kallikrein gene 5 messenger RNA expression in breast cancer / 临床检验杂志

Objective The purpose of the current study was to develop a real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR method for detection of human kallikrein gene 5(KLK5) mRNA expression,quantify the expression of KLK5 mRNA in malignant and benign breast tissues,and statistically analyze whether KLK5 expression levels correlate with clinicopathologic variables in the patients with breast cancer.Methods Paired breast tissue samples from cancerous and corresponding noncancerous tissues were obtained from 48 patients with breast cancer who underwent surgical resection.The relationship of KLK5 mRNA expression status with various clinicopathologic variables were quantitativly analyzed by real-time RT-PCR.Results KLK5 mRNA expression in cancerous tissues was decreased in 38 of 48(79%) breast cancer patients compared with normal counterparts.The mean expression level of KLK5 mRNA in cancerous tissues was significantly lower than that in noncancerous tissues(P0.05).Conclusion The results of this study indicated that KLK5 mRNA expression was significantly lower in cancerous tissues than that in noncancerous breast tissues,and low expression of KLK5 mRNA correlated with TMN stage,metastasis and ER status.