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RESUMEN Fundamento: el cáncer de laringe es una neoplasia maligna de cabeza y cuello frecuente, el tipo histológico predominante es el carcinoma epidermoide y la mayoría de los afectados, presentan por lo general el tumor localizado en la región glótica, predomina en hombres en una relación de 4:1, el incremento aunque existen otros factores está asociado al mayor consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia de la radioterapia a los cinco años de finalizado el tratamiento, como método terapéutico en pacientes con cáncer laríngeo en estadio I y II. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal, retrospectivo en 27 pacientes, con el propósito de evaluar la eficacia de la radioterapia como método terapéutico en pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer laríngeo en etapa I y II en la provincia Camagüey, desde enero de 2014 hasta enero de 2017. Resultados: la edad y el sexo no influyeron en la eficacia del tratamiento. Los pacientes en un estadio I evolucionaron mejor a la radioterapia. La región anatómica más frecuente como sitio de implantación del tumor fue la glotis, sin embargo, dicho parámetro no jugó un papel fundamental ya que la radioterapia fue eficaz en el resto de los grupos histopatológicos. Los pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide indiferenciado, respondieron todos de forma satisfactoria a la radioterapia, a pesar que en sentido general e independientemente el grupo histopatológicos los resultados fueron satisfactorios. La mucositis y la anemia fueron las complicaciones más frecuentes, las mismas no afectaron la eficacia de la radiación. Conclusiones: la terapia local garantiza una excelente calidad de vida en los enfermos, por lo que se recomienda capacitar al personal de salud de las diferentes áreas de atención, para garantizar un diagnóstico precoz del cáncer laríngeo, lo que permitirá una terapéutica en estadios tempranos y mayor supervivencia.
ABSTRACT Background: Laryngeal cancer is a frequent malignant neoplasm of the head and neck, the predominant histological type is squamous cell carcinoma and the majority of those affected by this histological type usually present the tumor located in the glottal region, predominantly in men in a 4: 1 ratio, the increase although there are other factors is associated with greater consumption of tobacco and alcohol. Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy five years after the end of treatment, as a therapeutic method in patients with stage I and II laryngeal cancer. Methods: descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective study was carried out in 27 patients, with the purpose of evaluating the efficacy of radiotherapy as a therapeutic method in patients diagnosed with stage I and II laryngeal cancer in the province of Camagüey, in the period from January 2014 to January 2017. Results: age and sex did not influence the efficacy of the treatment. Patients in a stage I evolved better to radiotherapy. The most frequent anatomical region as site of implantation of the tumor was the glottis, however, this parameter did not play a fundamental role since radiotherapy was effective in the rest of the histopathological groups. The patients with undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma all responded satisfactorily to radiotherapy, although in general and independently the histopathological group the results were satisfactory. Mucositis and anemia were the most frequent complications, they did not affect the effectiveness of the radiation. Conclusions: considering that local therapy guarantees an excellent quality of life in patients, it is recommended to train the health personnel of the different areas of care, to guarantee an early diagnosis of laryngeal cancer, which will allow a therapy in early stages and greater survival.
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Objective To investigate the application of a self-made positioning device in CT-MRI image fusion in patients with laryngeal tumor,as well as the precision of image fusion and the changes in target volume delineation after fusion.Methods A total of 10 patients with laryngeal cancer were enrolled,and a self-made positioning device was used to collect CT and MRI images in a fixed position.These images were fused by mutual information combined with manual fusion.The precision of image fusion was assessed by the positional deviation of internal and external markers and degree of gross tumor volume (GTV) overlap (PCT-MRI) between CT and MRI images.GTV was contoured based on CT images (VCr),MRI images (VMRI),and fused images (VCT+MRI).The overlapped volume of VCT and VMRI(VCT-MRI) Was calculated,and the target volume was analyzed and compared.Results The positional deviations of three external markers in the three directions were 0.996±0.222 mm,1.146±0.291 mm,and 1.368±0.298 mm (P=0.000),respectively,while those of the internal markers were 0.476±0.151 mm,0.561±0.083 mm,and 0.724± 0.125 mm (P=0.000),respectively.VCT,VMRI,VCT+MRI,and VCT-MRI were 26.355±7.876 cm3,33.556± 7.407 cm3,40.036±7.627 cm3,19.875±8.588 cm3(P=0.000),respectively.PCT-MRI was 73.7％±9.8％.Conclusions The self-made positioning device can improve the consistency of position during the collection of CT and MRI images,and fused CT-MRI images can provide more information and improve the precision of target volume delineation.