RESUMO
Objetivo: Analizar las características que adopta la Inserción y desempeño laboral así como el Desarrollo profesional de las egresadas(os) del Plan Único de Especialización en Enfermería (PUEE) de la ENEO-UNAM. Marco Teórico. Inserción Laboral es un término usado para referirse al proceso de incorporación de los individuos a la actividad económica. El desarrollo profesional, es el fruto de la carrera, comprende los aspectos que enriquecen a la persona con vistas hacia el logro de metas dentro de la organización. El desempeño institucional incluye acciones o comportamientos de los empleados, relevantes para con los objetivos de la organización medidos en términos de competencias y niveles de contribución. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo y transversal, las variables de la inserción laboral fueron: Centro/institución de trabajo, categoría, antigüedad, salario y funciones principales. Las dimensiones del desarrollo profesional fueron: responsabilidad, autonomía, trabajo en equipo y posicionamiento. Las del desempeño Institucional: características de la Institución empleadora, satisfacción con el desarrollo profesional del egresado, y vinculación con la ENEO. La muestra fue de 417 egresados y trece instituciones encuestadas. Para el Desempeño Institucional se aplicaron 86 cuestionarios, a personal directivo de enfermería tanto de instituciones públicas como privadas. Resultados. La Inserción laboral mostró que la actividad principal desarrollada por los egresados es la atención directa, en Desarrollo Profesional los egresados perciben que la especialidad les habilitó para actuar con responsabilidad, autonomía, y trabajar en equipo, pero en el ámbito laboral el reconocimiento es limitado. El perfil del egresado coincide con lo requerido por las instituciones empleadoras y el desempeño es percibido como bueno.
Objective: Analyze the characteristics of the processes of labor market integration and performance, as well as professional development in the graduates from the Unique Plan of Specialization in Nursing (UPSN) of the ENEO-UNAM. Theoretical Frame: Labor market integration is a term commonly used to refer the process of incorporating individuals into the economic activity. Professional development is the fruit of the career and includes the aspects which enrich the person towards the achievement of goals within the organization. Institutional development includes the actions or behaviors of the employees which are relevant to the objectives of the organization, and which can be measured in terms of competences and contribution levels. Methodology: This is a basic and descriptive study and the measured variables of labor market integration were; center/institution of work, category, seniority, salary, and principal functions; the dimensions of professional development were; responsibility, autonomy, team-work, and position; and the dimensions of institutional performance were; employer characteristics, satisfaction with the graduate's professional performance, and bonds with the ENEO. The sample included 417 graduates from the UPSN, and 13 institutions. To collect data related to institutional performance, 86 questionnaires were given to the directive nursing staff of both the public and private institutions. Results: labor market integration showed that the graduate's principal activity is direct attention. In relation to professional development, graduates perceive that their specialties enable them to perform with responsibility and autonomy, and to work in teams, but also that the acknowledgement is limited. The graduate's profile fits that required from the employer institutions, with a performance perceived as good.
Assuntos
Humanos , Desenvolvimento de Pessoal , Avaliação de Desempenho Profissional , Capacitação Profissional , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Educação de Pós-Graduação em Medicina , MéxicoRESUMO
Tendo em vista as transformações nas macroestruturas e seus impactos sobre a forma como os indivíduos - jovens ou não - relacionam-se com o trabalho e o futuro (especialmente o profissional) nas sociedades capitalistas, este artigo analisa a maneira como os jovens universitários de estratos médios do Rio de Janeiro atuam e se posicionam diante da demanda de se tornarem produtivos, bem como o lugar e as condições de construção de um projeto profissional no contemporâneo. Utilizou-se o paradigma metodológico de pesquisa-ação, cuja abordagem empírica constituiu-se de uma intervenção junto a jovens estudantes de duas universidades, no âmbito de uma disciplina especificamente criada para se discutir o projeto de vida profissional. Entre os principais resultados desse estudo, destacam-se as mudanças relativas à construção de um projeto profissional baseado em princípios de racionalização, antecipação e adequação. O projeto passa a ter algum sentido se entendido como forma de construção, interlocução e representação de desejos de realização dos indivíduos, num processo que os leva a reexaminarem suas possibilidades e limitações, e sua própria posição diante da vida. Neste reexame as incertezas dos jovens diante das novas engrenagens produtivas são apreendidas como fonte de compreensão da inter-relação que estabelecem com a conjuntura social, e não apenas como algo que deva ser corrigido ou eliminado.
In the context of long-standing macro-structural transformations and of their impact on how individuals - young or not - relate themselves to work and to their professional future in capitalist societies, this article analyses how young undergraduate students of the middle classes in Rio de Janeiro, respond to the societal demand of becoming professionally active and productive. It also focuses on the conditions which allow for the construction of a professional future. A methodological paradigm of action-research was used, whose empirical approach involved an intervention project in which these young people studying at two different universities were invited to discuss their professional project in a discipline oriented towards this aim. Among the results of the project could be found changes concerning the construction of a professional future based on principles such as, rationalization, anticipation and modeling. It was observed that the professional project begins to make sense once it is understood as a form of construction, interlocution and representation of the objectives and desires of the individuals, a process that leads them to revisit and examine their possibilities and limitations, as well as their subjective position in life. Alongside this examination, young people's uncertainties concerning macro productive mechanisms and outcomes can be understood as a source of help to position them in the overall productive conjuncture, rather than something to be corrected or eliminated.