The generation and detection of 2019-nCoV subgenomic RNA / 中华检验医学杂志

The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a newly discovered pathogen in 2019. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread around the world and has greatly affected global health and the world economy. It is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, which generates subgenomic RNA from discontinuous transcription of the replication-transcription complex (RTC). This discontinuous transcription is regulated by transcriptional regulatory sequences/elements, produced by switching templates on genomic RNA. At present, the detection methods of subgenomic RNA include the next generation sequencing, nanopore sequencing, reverse transcription dropletdigital polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, etc. Subgenomic RNA is produced only when the virus infects cell, so it may be a novel marker for viral replication.

Application value of the modified blood smear technique for platelet counting / 中国基层医药

Objective:Four methods were used to count platelets to recommend suitable retest methods for abnormal blood platelet count.Methods:A total of 300 patients who received treatment in the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang during August-September 2020 were included in this study. They were divided into low-value, median-value, and high-value groups ( n = 100/group) according to blood platelet counts determined by the electrical impedance method. The consistency in blood platelet counting was analyzed between flow cytometry and electrical impedance method, Neubauer chamber method, and modified blood smear method. Results:There was no significant difference in blood platelet count between the electrical impedance method [low-value group: (86.1 ± 10.3) × 10 9/L, median-value group: (221.8 ± 41.8) × 10 9/L, high-value group: (441.3 ± 51.4) × 10 9/L, Neubauer chamber method [low-value group: (85.2 ± 10.1) × 10 9/L, median-value group: (219.3 ± 37.7) × 10 9/L, high-value group: (443.1 ± 54.5) × 10 9/L, modified blood smear technique [low-value group: (86.1 ± 10.1) × 10 9/L, median-value group: (218.1 ± 37.7) × 10 9/L, high-value group: (442.6 ± 53.3) × 10 9/L], and flow cytometry [low-value group: (85.4 ± 10.1) × 10 9/L, median-value group: (220.7 ± 42.0) × 10 9/L, high-value group: (440.9 ± 50.0) × 10 9/L] (all P > 0.05). The Bland-Altman analysis revealed that the electrical impedance method, Neubauer chamber method and modified blood smear method, and flow cytometry showed consistency in blood platelet count. Conclusion:The modified blood smear method showed consistency with the electrical impedance method, Neubauer chamber method, and flow cytometry in blood platelet counting. It does not require a special instrument and can help observe cell morphology for blood platelet counting. In addition, the blood smears are easy to be preserved. The modified blood smear technique should be the first choice for re-checking blood platelet counts.

Antibody detection and clinical characteristics of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy with anti-nodal/paranodal antibodies / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the detecting method and clinical characteristics of anti-nodal/paranodal antibodies in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy.Methods:Serum samples were collected from 212 patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy who were admitted to Huashan Hospital of Fudan University or from other clinical centers from January 2018 to July 2021. Autoantibodies (anti-NF155, anti-NF186, anti-CNTN1) and IgG subtypes were detected with cell-based assay. According to the test results, patients were divided into anti-NF155 positive group, anti-NF186 positive group and anti-CNTN1 positive group, clinical characteristics of patients in each group, including limb weakness, superficial sensation and proprioception, tremor, cerebrospinal fluid protein level, brachial plexus magnetic resonance (MRI) were retrospectively analyzed and compared.Results:A total of 23 patients (10.8%,23/212) were positive for anti-NF155 antibody, 12 (5.7%,12/212) for anti-NF186 antibody, and 4 (1.9%,4/212) for anti-CNTN1 antibody. IgG 4 was the predominant subtype in anti-NF155 and anti-CNTN1 groups. In the anti-NF186 group, all cases were IgG positive and antibody subtypes could be detected in 4 cases (4/12). In anti-NF155 group, 23 patients (100%,23/23) had limb weakness and deep sensory disturbance, 19 patients (82.6%,19/23) had superficial sensory disturbance, 22 patients (95.7%,22/23) were symmetrically involved, 18 patients (78.3%,18/23) showed tremor, 19 patients (19/19) showed abnormal in brachial plexus MRI. In anti-NF186 group, 12 patients had limb weakness (12/12), 9 patients (9/12) and 6 patients (6/12) had superficial sensory disturbance and deep sensory disturbance respectively, 8 patients (8/12) were asymmetrically involved, and only 1 patient (1/12) showed tremor, 1 (1/7) showed abnormal brachial plexus MRI. In anti-CNTN1 group, 4 cases showed symmetrical limb weakness and sensory disturbance, 3 patients had tremor, and four patients showed brachial plexus MRI abnormality. There were statistically significant differences in onset age, proprioception, tremor and MRI abnormalities of brachial plexus among the 3 groups ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The clinical characteristics of CIDP patients with anti-NF155, anti-NF186 and anti-CNTN1 antibodies are different. Screening anti-nodal/paranodal antibodies is of great significance for accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients with peripheral neuropathy.

Prognostic effect of MyD88L265P gene mutation in cerebrospinal fluid in primary central nervous system lymphoma / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:This study has investigated the value of detecting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) MyD88L265P mutation and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in the prognosis of PCNSL.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data, CSF characteristics (including cytology, cell counting, total protein, and the level of cytokine IL-10) and treatment process of 39 PCNSL patients newly diagnosed by surgery and pathology (18 males and 21 females, aged 40-73 years) from August 2013 to December 2016 in Hua Shan Hospital North. MyD88L265P mutation was detected by digital PCR in 39 paraffin-embedded tissues and 35 cerebrospinal fluid samples. Log-rank test was used for univariate analysis and Cox regression for multivariate analysis to establish the prognosis model of PCNSL which might be related to PCNSL first progress-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).Results:The median age of the 39 PCNSL patients was 59 years old, with 30.8% (12/39) intraocular involvement. The mutation rate of MyD88L265P in tissues and cerebrospinal fluid was 74.4% (29/39) and 40.0% (14/35), respectively. 51.9% (14/27) patients were observed with MyD88L265P mutation in both tissues and CFS. Univariate analysis showed that intraocular involvement, high level of IL-10 in CFS (≥45 pg/ml), and MyD88L265P mutation in CFS are factors significantly influencing median progression-free survival (mPFS) of patients ( P<0.05). Patients with intraocular involvement had shorter OS than those without involvement which was statistically significant ( HR=6.5,95% CI 1.7-47.3, P<0.05). And multivariate analysis showed that intraocular involvement ( HR=2.4, 95% CI 1.3-7.8, P<0.05) and CFS MyD88L265P mutation ( HR=2.1, 95% CI 1.1-5.7, P<0.05) were independent prognostic factors for PFS. Conclusion:The presence of intraocular involvement and MyD88L265P mutation in CFS indicated poor prognosis of PCNSL patients. High CSF IL-10 level was not an independent factor affecting prognosis.

Establishment principles and research progress on patient based real time quality control / 中华检验医学杂志

Patient based real time quality control (PBRTQC) is a quality control method that uses the test results of clinical specimens from patients to monitor the analysis performance of the test process in real time and continuously. Although the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine PBRTQC working group had recommended that this method should be popularized in clinical practice in 2020, there is still certain lagging in cognition, research and application of PBRTQC in domestic clinical laboratories. This paper highlights the research progress, operation categories, clinical application value, domestic standard guidelines, PBRTQC procedure establishment, performance verification, implementation principles, application status and prospects of PBRTQC, so as to promote the recognition, acceptance, reference and wide application of PBRTQC in domestic clinical laboratories.

Role of histidine kinase AgrC in Staphylococcus aureus biofilm enhancing effects by sub-minimal inhibitory concentration ciprofloxacin / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of histidine kinase AgrC in Staphylococcusaureus biofilm formation enhancements under a environment with sub-minimal inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) ciprofloxacin, aiming to shed new light on the antibiotic treatment for S. aureus biofilm-related infections. Methods:Clinical isolates were collected from the skin tissue and body fluid samples at the Department of Medicine Clinical Laboratory, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in 2021. Microdilution broth method was used for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Biofilm assays were performed by using crystal violet staining assay and SYTO9 and PI fluorescent dye staining. Reverse transcription real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to assess the transcriptional levels of the biofilm regulatory genes ( agrC, agrA, icaA and icaR) of S. aureus treated with different sub-MIC concentrations of ciprofloxacin. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was used to analyze the binding affinity of ciprofloxacin to histidine kinase AgrC. The data setwere presented as xˉ±s, analysis of variance or nonparametric test is used based on the distribution and homogeneity of variance of the data set. P<0.05 indicates statistically significant differences. Results:The MIC of ciprofloxacin against S. aureus was 0.25-0.5 mg/L. Ciprofloxacin could significantly promote the ability of S. aureus biofilm formation at the concentration of 1/4 × MIC [ATCC 43300( t=7.42, P=0.002), SA1( t=5.42, P=0.005), SA2( t=6.38, P=0.002), SA3( t=4.8, P =0.009), SA4( t=7.06, P=0.002) and SA5( t=4.36, P=0.004)]. The result of fluorescent staining showed that sub-MIC of ciprofloxacin could significantly promote the biofilm formation of S. aureus. The result of qRT-PCR suggested that there was no significant change in agrC gene expression, but the expression level of agrA ( t=4.42, P=0.003) and icaR ( t=4.49, P=0.007) was significantly decreased in the presence of sub-MIC ciprofloxacin [(0.61±0.24) and (0.56±0.12)], and the expression level of icaA was increased [1.51±0.19( t=5.24, P=0.009)].The result of ITC showed that ciprofloxacin had a significantly high affinity with AgrC. Conclusion:Sub-MIC of ciprofloxacin could promote the biofilm formation of S. aureus and increase its antibiotic resistance by binding to the AgrC protein receptor and affecting the expression of a grA, icaA and icaR genes.

Current status and research progress of POCT-based detection technology for 2019-nCoV / 中华检验医学杂志

In view of the significant changes in the prevention and control of COVID-19 at home and abroad, "external prevention of importation and internal prevention of rebound" has become the focus of prevention and control of the epidemic in China. Due to the limitation of testing sites, equipment and reaction time, traditional detection methods cannot meet the needs of real-time and rapid detection of 2019-nCoV. Point-of-care testing (POCT) is rapid, portable and flexible. It plays an increasingly important role in the rapid detection and screening of 2019-nCoV. Here, we review the current status and research progress of POCT for 2019-nCoV in terms of antigens, specific antibodies and nucleic acids, in order to provide reference for epidemic prevention and control and clinical management.

Progress on pathogenicity research of pks-positive Enterobacteriaceae / 中华检验医学杂志

The pks genomic island encodes non-ribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS), polyketide synthases (PKS), and hybrid NRPS/PKS synthetase. This genomic island is mainly found in the members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, and is especially common in Escherichia coli of phylogroup B2 while frequently coexisting with other virulence factors. The pks-positive E. coli is able to synthesize colibactin, a genotoxic chemical compound. Thus, this pks-positive bacteria may induce the breaking of DNA double-strand and chromosomal instability, which lead to senescence and apoptosis of cells. As a result, pks-positive E. coli is positively associated with the occurrence of diseases such as colorectal neoplasms, neonatal meningitis, and septicemia. Epidemiological studies have also confirmed that pks-positive E. coli is associated with a variety of diseases. However, the exact pathogenic mechanism of pks-positive E. coli is still not understood. Despite its genotoxicity, the pks-positive E. coli also exhibits some positive effects including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibiotic abilities. Therefore, the biological role of pks-positive E. coli is complicated. In this review, an overview of the pks genomic island and its prevalence in Enterobacteriaceae, as well as the biological function of pks-positive E. coli is described, aiming to provide references for further researches.

Principle of recombinase polymerase amplification and its application progress in medical laboratory science / 中华检验医学杂志

Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a novel technology for nucleic acid isothermal amplification. It can achieve the rapid amplification and detection of a target gene under 37-42 ℃. This amplification method is highly sensitive, more specific and less instrument-dependent than other existing methods, and it can also integrate multiple detection modes. Therefore, it is especially suitable for applying in low-resource settings and conducting point-of-care tests. Starting from the reaction principles and the experimental design of RPA, this article pointed out some key points when using RPA in a clinical setting. The current development and related problems of RPA were concluded and the various future uses of this method were also prospected.

A clustering analysis based on clinical laboratory indications of patients with bunyavirus infection / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To execute a hierarchical cluster of clinical laboratory indicators in patients with bunyavirus infection.@*Methods@#From July 2015 to July 2017, 14 patients with bunyavirus infection in Zhoushan Hospital were selected.The blood routine, coagulation function and biochemical indicators were detected.Cluster analysis and grouping were carried out by hierarchical clustering method.@*Results@#Hierarchical clustering classification was eventually divided into 2 cases of A category[with TT high and BNP high as the main characteristics(TThighBNPhigh)] and 12 cases of B category[with TT low and BNP low as the main characteristics (TTlowBNPlow)]. The days of hormone drugs and dosage of hormone drugs in A category were (7.43±3.53)d, (489.19±173.02)mg, respectively, which were higher than those in B category[(5.20±1.03)d and (115.11±46.58)mg], the differences were statistically significant(t=2.76, 55.56, all P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#It needs probably to pay more days and dose of hormonal drugs for patients with TThighBNPhigh.

A clustering analysis based on clinical laboratory indications of patients with bunyavirus infection / 中国基层医药

Objective To execute a hierarchical cluster of clinical laboratory indicators in patients with bunyavirus infection.Methods From July 2015 to July 2017,14 patients with bunyavirus infection in Zhoushan Hospital were selected.The blood routine, coagulation function and biochemical indicators were detected.Cluster analysis and grouping were carried out by hierarchical clustering method.Results Hierarchical clustering classifica-tion was eventually divided into 2 cases of A category[with TT high and BNP high as the main characteristics (TThigh-BNPhigh)] and 12 cases of B category[with TT low and BNP low as the main characteristics (TTlowBNPlow)].The days of hormone drugs and dosage of hormone drugs in A category were (7.43 ±3.53)d,(489.19 ±173.02) mg, respectively,which were higher than those in B category [(5.20 ±1.03)d and (115.11 ±46.58)mg],the differences were statistically significant (t＝2.76,55.56,all P＜0.05).Conclusion It needs probably to pay more days and dose of hormonal drugs for patients with TThighBNPhigh.

Comparison of the effect of different nutritional testing methods on preoperative nutritional risk screening for patients with head and neck cancer / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the role of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and laboratory tests for nutrition related indicators in preoperative nutritional risk screening of patients with head and neck cancer. Methods Totally 131 patients with head and neck cancer were selected by convenient sampling method. The nutritional risk was screened by NRS 2002 nutritional risk screening scale. The bioelectrical impedance indexes were collected by human body component analysis instrument and the nutritional related laboratory indicators were collected by electronic medical records. Results The incidence of nutritional risk in patients with head and neck cancer before operation was 18.6% (22/131). Correlation analysis showed that nutrition-related laboratory indicators were not related to nutritional risk, while bioelectrical impedance indicators such as fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass, bodi mass index (BMI), inorganic salt content, water content and protein content were significantly correlated with NRS 2002 screening results(r=-0.228--0.183,P＜0.05 or 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that BMI, fat-free mass, protein content, skeletal muscle mass, water content, pharyngeal cancer, lymphatic metastasis, and diabetes mellitus were risk factors for nutritional risk (t=-4.121-2.918, χ2=4.167, 6.353, 4.032,P＜0.01 or 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that lymphatic metastasis was the independent risk factors of nutritional risk. Conclusions Preoperative nutritional risk screening is required for patients with head and neck cancer, especially those with tumor located in the pharynx, lymphatic metastasis and diabetes mellitus. Bioelectrical impedance analysis can be used as a reference for preoperative nutritional risk screening of patients with head and neck cancer, and can provide specific questions about human body composition for patients with nutritional risk, so as to provide a clear direction for nutritional risk intervention and can be used as an evaluation method of intervention. It is recommended that bioelectrical impedance analysis can be used as an auxiliary tool for nutritional risk screening.

Comparison of the effect of different nutritional testing methods on preoperative nutritional risk screening for patients with head and neck cancer / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To explore the role of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and laboratory tests for nutrition related indicators in preoperative nutritional risk screening of patients with head and neck cancer.@*Methods@#Totally 131 patients with head and neck cancer were selected by convenient sampling method. The nutritional risk was screened by NRS 2002 nutritional risk screening scale. The bioelectrical impedance indexes were collected by human body component analysis instrument and the nutritional related laboratory indicators were collected by electronic medical records.@*Results@#The incidence of nutritional risk in patients with head and neck cancer before operation was 18.6% (22/131). Correlation analysis showed that nutrition-related laboratory indicators were not related to nutritional risk, while bioelectrical impedance indicators such as fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass, bodi mass index (BMI), inorganic salt content, water content and protein content were significantly correlated with NRS 2002 screening results(r=-0.228- -0.183, P<0.05 or 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that BMI, fat-free mass, protein content, skeletal muscle mass, water content, pharyngeal cancer, lymphatic metastasis, and diabetes mellitus were risk factors for nutritional risk (t=-4.121-2.918, χ2=4.167, 6.353, 4.032, P<0.01 or 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that lymphatic metastasis was the independent risk factors of nutritional risk.@*Conclusions@#Preoperative nutritional risk screening is required for patients with head and neck cancer, especially those with tumor located in the pharynx, lymphatic metastasis and diabetes mellitus. Bioelectrical impedance analysis can be used as a reference for preoperative nutritional risk screening of patients with head and neck cancer, and can provide specific questions about human body composition for patients with nutritional risk, so as to provide a clear direction for nutritional risk intervention and can be used as an evaluation method of intervention. It is recommended that bioelectrical impedance analysis can be used as an auxiliary tool for nutritional risk screening.

Clinical values of circulating tumor cells in the diagnosis and surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors.The prognosis of HCC patients is very poor due to the facts that vascular invasion and distance metastasis may occur in the earlier phase of the cancer.Therefore,it is very important to make earlier diagnosis and timely monitoring post-operatively to ensure the longer survival of HCC patients.Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs),as an liquid biopsy,which can detect the tumor cells timely and repeatedly in the circulation,plays an important role in the earlier diagnosis,treatment,monitoring,and making individualized therapeutic plan,etc.In this article,we retrospectively reviewed the current literatures to evaluate the values of CTCs in the diagnosis,therapy,and surveillance of HCC patients in order to guide the clinical practice.

Comparison and evaluation of different assays in the diagnosis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome / 天津医药

Objective To evaluate different detection methods in the diagnosis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), and find the most quick and accurate one for the identification of new bunyavirus infection. Methods Real-time PCR and ELISA-IgM were used to detect serum samples of 158 patients with acute phase of SFTS, which were collected from the special monitoring system of SFTS in Henan Province in 2014. IgM and IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA in 109 acute and convalescent paired serum specimens. The differences of the positive rates were compared between the three methods, and the influence of the collected interval time on the detection results was analyzed. Results For 158 acute phase serum samples of SFTS patients, the positive rate detected by real-time PCR (76.58%) was higher than that of ELISA-IgM (47.47%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=34.13, P 0.05). In both the acute phase and convalescent phase, the positive rate of IgM was higher than that of IgG, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=41.68 and 6.25, P<0.05). With the extension of collected interral time, the positive rates of IgM and IgG antibodies were both increased ( Z=6.42 and 10.08, P < 0.05). Conclusion Real-time PCR is the most sensitive method for the early diagnosis of the SFTS. ELISA-IgG is suitable for the detection of SFTS at recovery period. ELISA-IgM can be used as an assistant method to guide clinical diagnosis.

The progress in metabolomics in respiratory disease / 天津医药

When a series of omics technologies such as genomics, epigenomics and proteomics are proposed, the concept of metabolomics occurs. Metabolomics is a top-down system biology approach, which analyzes endogenous metabolites by using high throughput, high resolution and high sensitivity based on metabolic analysis platform. By identifying characteristic biomarkers and analyzing the biomarkers of metabolic pathway, it will provide a new way for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Therefore, it is more and more widely used in bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary cystic fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer and other respiratory diseases. In this paper, the application of metabolome analysis in respiratory disease of recent years has been briefly reviewed.

The laboratory diagnose of children hemphagocytic lymphohistiocytosis / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To summarize the cause and the level change of laboratory indicators in children with hemphagocytic lym‐phohistiocytosis(HLH) .Methods Retrospectively analyze the cause and the diagnose features of the 13 HLH patients .Results The first symptom of the desease was hyperpyrexia as well as the hepatosplenomegaly and the lymphadenectasis .Then it went with the peripheral cytopenia in two or three lineages ,different degrees of the liver dysfunction and the coagulation abnormalities .The number of histiocytes increased and hemophagocytic macrophages were found in bone marrow .It also showed that the elevated ser‐um triglycerides ,serum ferritin ,lactate dehydrogenase and glutamic‐pyruvic transaminase and decreased fibrinogen in laboratory findings .Conclusion Cytopenia(in two or three lineages ,especially the platelet) ,the elevated serum triglycerides ,serum ferritin , lactate dehydrogenase ,glutamic‐pyruvic transaminase ,decreased fibrinogen and the hemophagocytic macrophages in bone marrow (≥1% ) are important indicators in hemphagocytic lymphohistiocytosis diagnosis ,which could help us know the change of the HLH laboratory features better and diagnose the disease correctly .

The value of the combined test for the diagnosis of thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of the combined test in the diagnosis of thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) .Methods From August 2013 to February 2015 ,36 patients with thalassemia ,34 patients with IDA ,and 30 healthy people who had undergone physical examination were enrolled in the study .The blood samples of those people were tested ,and items of the combined test included content of red blood cell volume(MCA) ,red blood cell volume distribution width(RDW) ,hemoglobin(Hb) electrophoresis and red blood cell(RBC) .Results The patients with IDA or thalassemia had reduced MCA and RBC fragile ,pa‐tients with IDA had increased RDW ,and patients with thalassemia had increased HbA2 ,compared with the control group the differ‐ences were all statistically significant(P 0 .05) .The sensitivities of MCV ,Hb electrophoresis ,RBC fragility to thalassemia were 97 .2% ,88 .9% ,77 .8% respectively ,and the specificity were 80 .0% ,90 .0% ,83 .3% respectively .The sensitivities of MCA test combined with Hb electrophoresis ,hemoglobin electrophoresis combined with RBC brittleness test and parallel combined test of MCA ,Hb electrophoresis and RBC brittleness to thalassemia were 100 .0% ,97 .2% ,100 .0% respectively ,which were significantly higher than those of single tests ;the specificities were 96 .7% ,100 .0% and 100 .0% respectively ,which were significantly higher than those of single tests ;the differences were statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The application of hematological pa‐rameters ,Hb and RBC in the diagnosis of anemia and IDA could significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy ,and it is worthy of popularization and application .

Immunohistochemical evaluation of CD20 expression in patients with multiple myeloma

Objective: CD20 expression was reported at different rates in patients with multiple myeloma. The importance of this B-cell antigen for plasma cells is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate CD20 expression of myeloma cells in bone marrow, and any relationship between the stage of disease, isotype and clinical features. Methods: Sixty-one patients who were admitted to the hematology clinic of the Adnan Menderes Medical School with the diagnosis of multiple myeloma according to the criteria of the "International Myeloma Working Group" were enrolled in this study. Age, gender, Durie-Salmon stage, history of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and the distribution pattern and positivity of CD20 expression on multiple myeloma cells in bone marrow were evaluated. The Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis with a p-value < 0.05 being accepted as statistically significant. Results: Thirty patients (48.9%) had positive scores for CD20 with the distribution pattern being most likely interstitial in 55.6% of the cases. There was no statistically significant difference between immunohistochemical positivity for CD20 expression on multiple myeloma cells, immunoglobulin type, and the stage of disease. Conclusion: The combination of immunohistochemical studies with flow cytometry may reveal the importance of CD20 positivity in patients with multiple myeloma more clearly. .

Expressions of miRNA141 and miRNA375 in serum samples from prostate cancer / 中华全科医师杂志

To explore the diagnostic values of miRNA141 and miRNA375 for prostate cancer.The expressions of miRNA141 and miRNA375 in serum samples from 30 prostate cancer (PCA) patients,40 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients and 50 normal controls were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).The expression of miRNA141 in tissue samples from prostate cancer was 13.4±7.2 folds of that from benign prostatic hyperplasia while the expression of miRNA375 in tissue samples from prostate cancer was 28.4 ± 10.3 folds of that from benign prostatic hyperplasia.The differential expression of miRNA141 and miRNA375 in sera of prostate cancer suggested that miRNA141 and miRNA375 might be potential tumor markers in clinical practice.