Case report -Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy

Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy is one of the rarest of all ectopic pregnancy increase in number of cesarean section leads to increase in number of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy. Early diagnosis and prompt management help in reducing mortality and morbidity occuring due to scar ectopic pregnancy. We are reporting a rare case of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy G5P3L3D1 with period of gestation 7 weeks 3 days with previous all 4 deliveries by cesarean section. Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy are life threatening as they pose a great risk of maternal hemorrhage as the patient vital are the stable patient managed medically with injection Methotrexate

Artefacts in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their remedies

Background: An enormous number of artefacts are encountered in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which jeopardize the image quality. A comprehensive knowledge of the sources and the remedial measures needed is pivotal to enhance and optimize the image quality in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Objectives: The primary objectives of the study were to identify different MRI artefacts, to find the reason/cause of these artefacts and to find methods for correction of these artefacts. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study which included all the patients that were referred to our department for various MRI examinations. The study was carried at 1.5 tesla Magnetom Avanto Siemens, Germany. All the MRI examinations were performed by trained technologist in presence of an experienced radiologist. The MR images acquired were studied for the presence of any artefacts during the performance of MRI examination, the MR parameters at which the artefacts appeared and subsequently the remedial measures undertaken. Results: A total of 209 patients comprising 95 females and 114 males, referred to our department for MRI examinations of various body parts were studied. The commonest artefact observed was motion artefact in 43 (20.6%) patients followed by susceptibility artefact and aliasing artefact. Less common artefacts observed were chemical shift artefact, herring bone artefact, Gibb’s artefact, Moiré fringe artefact, zipper artefact and magic angle phenomenon. Arshed Hussain Parry, Abdul Haseeb Wani, Abdul Momin Jan, Tariq Ahmad Gojwari. Artefacts in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their remedies. IAIM, 2019; 6(4): 122-130. Page 123 Conclusion: Thorough understanding of the sources of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) artefacts and the mechanism of their production enables

Ultrasonido endoscópico en patologías del páncreas / Endoscopic ultrasound in pancreatic diseases

El ultrasonido endoscópico (EUS) ha revolucionado el diagnóstico y el manejo de muchas patologías de la vía digestiva, particularmente la patología pancreática, convirtiéndose en un examen prácticamente imprescindible en el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico de un paciente con un problema de páncreas. Es necesario dejar en claro que el método no es único y que para lograr una sensibilidad alta y cumplir el objetivo de realizar lo más adecuado, debe sumarse a otros métodos de acuerdo a cada caso, como la ecografía, la tomografía axial computarizada (TAC), la resonancia magnética (MRI) en sus diferentes modalidades, y las pruebas del laboratorio clínico microbiológico y patología. En este artículo se revisarán algunos casos de enfermedades evaluadas con este método, que muestran por qué el EUS, es una herramienta clave para el médico de urgencias y de consulta externa, el internista, el cirujano, el médico del servicio hospitalario y el personal de salud en general, al momento de definir, clasificar y orientar el manejo de determinadas patologías en el tubo digestivo. El EUS es una importante ayuda y no debe ser extraña al personal médico, debe tenerla presente junto a las demás pruebas diagnósticas en patología pancreática. Se señalarán los aspectos más relevantes en cada caso y las indicaciones del EUS.

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has revolutionized the diagnosis and management of many diseases of the digestive tract, particularly the pancreatic ones, becoming a practically essential test in the diagnosis and therapeutic management of a patient with a pancreatic problem. It's necessary to establish the final diagnosis are necesary many tests to achive high sensitivity. It should join with other methods according to each case, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in its various forms, and chemical, microbiological and pathology tests. In this article we reviewed some cases of pathologies evaluated by this diagnosis test, which demonstrate why the EUS, is a key for the emergency and outpatient physician, internist, surgeon, doctor of the hospital service and staff health in general, when defining, classifying and guide the management of certain diseases in the digestive tract. The EUS is an important tool and should not be foreign to the medical staff, who must consider it, with other diagnostic tests for pancreatic disease. This article point out the most important aspects in each case and indications of EUS.

A rare cause of kyphosis with low backache - “Scheuermann’s disease”: “Osteochondritis deformans juvenilis dorsi.

An uncommon case of Scheuermann‟s disease (Apprentice‟s spine) is being reported for two simple reasons- firstly, to show that it is a self-limiting disease which needs only proper observation, extension exercises & extension spinal brace and secondly, it becomes a diagnostic riddle when osteolytic lesion is seen in epiphyseal plates of adjacent vertebral bodies in an adolescent. Radiology and Imaging are needed for the early and accurate diagnosis and to differentiate it from other causes of kyphosis. Hence, it stressed the need to publish this condition not only for its rarity but also for its diagnostic puzzle to differentiate it from other conditions. Here we report a case of an adolescent male of 17 years with poor posture/slouching, fatigue, mild pain in lower thoracic area of spine (low backache), stiffness and loss of flexibility with radiological and MRI findings.

Achados otoneurológicos em pacientes com diagnóstico de alça vascular de VIII par craniano na ressonância magnética / Neurotology findings in patients with diagnosis of vascular loop of cranial nerves VIII in magnetic resonance imaging

INTRODUÇÃO: A compressão vascular por vasos redundantes sobre o VIII par craniano vem sendo estudada desde a década de 80, e diversos autores propuseram correlações entre a compressão e os achados otoneurológicos (vertigem, zumbido, hipoacusia, audiometria e achados eletrofisiológicos). OBJETIVO: Analisar e correlacionar os diferentes sinais e sintomas otoneurológicos, os achados audiológicos e sua incidência em indivíduos com diagnóstico de alça vascular (AV) de VIII par craniano por Ressonância Magnética (RM). MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo através da análise de prontuários de 47 pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de Otoneurologia do Hospital de Clínicas da UFPR. Todos os pacientes possuíam exames de RM com imagens compatíveis com AV de VIII par craniano. RESULTADOS: O zumbido foi o sintoma mais frequente, em 83 por cento dos pacientes, seguido de hipoacusia (60 por cento) e vertigem (36 por cento). A audiometria apresentava alterações em 89 por cento, o PEATE em 33 por cento e o VENG em 17 por cento dos pacientes. Não foi encontrada relação estatisticamente significante entre o zumbido ou a hipoacusia e a presença de AV na RM. Somente 36 por cento dos pacientes tinham queixas de vertigem, o principal sintoma descrito na teoria da compressão vascular do VIII par. Tanto na Audiometria quanto no PEATE não foi encontrada relação estatisticamente significante entre o exame e a presença de AV na RM. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados mostram independência entre os achados da RM, quadro clínico e resultados audiológicos (p>0,05) sugerindo que não exista relação direta e exclusiva entre o diagnóstico de alça vascular na RM e o quadro clínico otoneurológico correspondente.

INTRODUCTION: The vascular compression by redundant vessels under the VIII cranial nerves has been studied since the 80's, and many authors proposed correlations between the compression and the otoneurological findings (vertigo, tinnitus, hypoacusis, audiometry and electrophysiological findings). OBJECTIVE: Analyze and correlate the different signs and otoneurological symptoms, the audiological findings and its incidence over individuals with Vascular Loop (VL) diagnosis of VIII cranial nerves by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHOD: Retrospective study through the analysis of medical records of 47 patients attended in the otoneurology clinic of Clinical Hospital of UFPR. All the patients have MRI exams with compatible pictures of VL of the VIII cranial nerves. RESULTS: The tinnitus was the most frequent symptom, in 83 percent of the patients, followed by hypoacusis (60 percent) and vertigo (36 percent). The audiometry presented alterations in 89 percent, the brainstem evoked auditory potential in 33 percent and the vecto-electronystagmography in 17 percent of the patients. Was not found statistically significant relation between the buzz or hypoacusis, and the presence of VL in MRI. Only 36 percent of patients had complaints of vertigo, the main symptom described in theory of vascular compression of the VIII pair of nerve. As in the audiometry and in brainstem evoked auditory potential was not found a statistically significant relation between the exam and the presence of the VL in the RMI. CONCLUSION: The results show independence between the findings of the RMI, clinical picture and audiological results (p>0,05) suggesting that there are no exclusive and direct relation between the diagnosis of vascular loop in the MRI and the clinical picture matching.

Peliosis hepatis / 대한간학회지

No abstract available.

Evaluation of MRI diagnosis in pancreatic carcinoma / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To evaluate MRI diagnostic accuracy and clinical value on the pancreatic carcinoma.Methods 79 patients with suspected pancreatic carcinoma were imaged by T1-weighted spin-echo pulse sequences and T2-weighted fast spin-echo pulse sequences in axial,sagittal and coronal planes with a pelvic phased-array coils.Results 43 patients were diagnosed as pancreatic carcinoma using MR imaging,in which 39 patients were proved pathologically by biopsy.Conclusion MRI is effective diagnostic modality in localizing and staging pancreatic carcinoma and guiding for the choice of pancreatic carcinoma treatment.

Two Cases of Adventitial Cystic Disease of the Popliteal Artery / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

The authors encountered 2 rare cases of adventitial cystic disease of the popliteal artery. Case 1 was a 51-year-old woman with dull pain in the lower limbs during walking. Case 2 was a 34-year-old man with numbness in the lower limbs on bending his knees. In both cases, angiography showed crescent stenosis, and computed tomography (CT) showed cyst-like lesions about the artery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated the lesions to have high density at T 2 imaging. With a diagnosis of adventitial cystic disease, cystectomy was conducted with satisfactory results. Adventitial cystic disease is rare and only 43 cases have so far been reported in this country. All of these were reviewed to clarify the characteristics of this disease. Its clinical symptoms often resemble those of arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) as intermittent claudication, but it differs from ASO in that it is usually achieved cure by cystectomy alone and seldomly required bypass operation. In the case of intermittent claudication in young patients, adventitial cystic disease should be diferrentiated from ASO.